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RNAseq transcriptome analysis of THP-1 macrophages activated by VHL-deficient kidney tubule cells

ABSTRACT: Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent subtype of renal cell carcinoma (up-to 70% of all RCC types). There is a very close causal correlation between ccRCC and inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) located on chromosome 3p25‐26. Up to 80% of sporadic ccRCC carry genomic mutations or epigenetic inactivation of VHL and nearly 100% familial ccRCC (in VHL disease) contain VHL deficiency. Accumulating evidence has indicated that ccRCC arises at the site of chronic inflammation and this solid tumor contains a substantial number of infiltrated immune cells. This indicates that ccRCC may be induced by the interaction between kidney tubule cells carrying inactivated VHL gene and the inflammatory microenvironment. In this study we characterized the interaction between VHL-deficient kidney tubule cells and macrophages with relevance to ccRCC formation, and found that human macrophages induced by VHL-deficient kidney tubule cells exhibit distinct gene expression program containing the signatures of tumor-associated macrophages that can promote ccRCC progression.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE183976 | GEO | 2022/03/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Gene expression changes in response to VHL-reintroduction in metastatic 786-M1A cells.

Project description:Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene, VHL, is an archetypical tumor-initiating event in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) that leads to the activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs). However, VHL mutation status in ccRCC is not correlated with clinical outcome. Here we show that during ccRCC progression, cancer cells exploit diverse epigenetic alterations to empower a branch of the VHL-HIF pathway for metastasis, and the strength of this activation is associated with poor clinical outcome. By analyzing metastatic subpopulations of VHL-deficient ccRCC cells, we discovered an epigenetically altered VHL-HIF response that is specific to metastatic ccRCC. Focusing on the two most prominent pro-metastatic VHL-HIF target genes, we show that loss of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)-dependent histone H3 Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) activates HIF-driven chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression in support of chemotactic cell invasion, whereas loss of DNA methylation enables HIF-driven cytohesin 1 interacting protein (CYTIP) expression to protect cancer cells from death cytokine signals. Thus, metastasis in ccRCC is based on an epigenetically expanded output of the tumor-initiating pathway. Gene expression data from metastatic 786-M1A cells with and without reintroduced HA-VHL. The empty vector, pBabe-puro, was used as control.

2012-12-05 | E-GEOD-32297 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Towards a CRISPR-Based Mouse Model of Vhl-deficient Clear Cell Kidney Cancer: Initial Experience and Lessons Learned

Project description:CRISPR is revolutionizing the ability to do somatic gene editing in mice for the purpose of creating new cancer models. Inactivation of the VHL tumor suppressor gene is the signature initiating event in the most common form of kidney cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Such tumors are usually driven by the excessive HIF2 activity that arises when the VHL gene product, pVHL, is defective. Given the pressing need for a robust immunocompetent mouse model of human ccRCC, we directly injected adenovirus-associated viruses (AAVs) encoding sgRNAs against VHL and other known/suspected ccRCC tumor suppressor genes into the kidneys of C57BL/6 mice under conditions where Cas9 was under the control of one of two different kidney-specific promoters (Cdh16 or Pax8) to induce kidney tumors. An AAV targeting Vhl, Pbrm1, Keap1 and Tsc1 reproducibly caused macroscopic ccRCCs that partially resembled human ccRCC tumors with respect to transcriptome and cell of origin and responded to a ccRCC standard of care agent, axitinib. RNAseq analysis was utilized to evaluate the expression profile produced by the targeted loss of Vhl, Pbrm1, Keap1 and Tsc1 in these mouse tumors. Unfortunately, these tumors, like those produced by earlier genetically engineered mouse ccRCCs, are HIF2-independent.

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Epigenetic expansion of VHL-HIF signal output drives multiorgan metastasis in renal cancer

Project description:Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene, VHL, is an archetypical tumor-initiating event in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) that leads to the activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs). However, VHL mutation status in ccRCC is not correlated with clinical outcome. Here we show that during ccRCC progression, cancer cells exploit diverse epigenetic alterations to empower a branch of the VHL-HIF pathway for metastasis, and the strength of this activation is associated with poor clinical outcome. By analyzing metastatic subpopulations of VHL-deficient ccRCC cells, we discovered an epigenetically altered VHL-HIF response that is specific to metastatic ccRCC. Focusing on the two most prominent pro-metastatic VHL-HIF target genes, we show that loss of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)-dependent histone H3 Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) activates HIF-driven chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression in support of chemotactic cell invasion, whereas loss of DNA methylation enables HIF-driven cytohesin 1 interacting protein (CYTIP) expression to protect cancer cells from death cytokine signals. Thus, metastasis in ccRCC is based on an epigenetically expanded output of the tumor-initiating pathway. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series.

2012-12-05 | E-GEOD-32299 | biostudies-arrayexpress

VHL Substrate Transcription Factor ZHX2 As An Oncogenic Driver In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Project description:Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ubiquitin ligase protein is a hallmark of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Identifying how pathways affected by VHL loss contribute to ccRCC remains challenging. We used a genome-wide in vitro expression strategy to identify proteins that bound VHL only when hydroxylated. Zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (ZHX2) was found as a VHL target and its hydroxylation allowed VHL to regulate its protein stability. Tumor cells from ccRCC patients with VHL loss-of-function mutations usually had increased ZHX2 amount and nuclear localization. Functionally, depletion of ZHX2 inhibited VHL-deficient ccRCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, integrated ChIP-Seq and microarray analysis showed that ZHX2 promoted NF-kB activation. These studies reveal ZHX2 as a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC.

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Project description:To unravel the potential cooperative roles of oxygen-regulated signaling pathways; von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor protein and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors, we have generated mutant mice with; Vhlh, Vhlh/Hif1α, Vhlh/Hif2α and Vhlh/Hif1α/Hif2α gene alleles floxed. Subsequently primary kidney cells were isolated, cultured and infected with Adenoviruses bearing either Cre/GFP or GFP expression only. Agilent cDNA microarrays were utilized to compare the gene expression profiles of the kidney epithelial cells from aforementioned cell cultures to gain insight about the molecules and signaling pathways that drive aberrant cellular proliferation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

2016-01-08 | GSE75745 | GEO

Epigenetic expansion of VHL-HIF signal output drives multiorgan metastasis in renal cancer

Project description:Inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene, VHL, is an archetypical tumor-initiating event in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) that leads to the activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs). However, VHL mutation status in ccRCC is not correlated with clinical outcome. Here we show that during ccRCC progression, cancer cells exploit diverse epigenetic alterations to empower a branch of the VHL-HIF pathway for metastasis, and the strength of this activation is associated with poor clinical outcome. By analyzing metastatic subpopulations of VHL-deficient ccRCC cells, we discovered an epigenetically altered VHL-HIF response that is specific to metastatic ccRCC. Focusing on the two most prominent pro-metastatic VHL-HIF target genes, we show that loss of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)-dependent histone H3 Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) activates HIF-driven chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression in support of chemotactic cell invasion, whereas loss of DNA methylation enables HIF-driven cytohesin 1 interacting protein (CYTIP) expression to protect cancer cells from death cytokine signals. Thus, metastasis in ccRCC is based on an epigenetically expanded output of the tumor-initiating pathway. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2012-12-05 | GSE32299 | GEO

Gene expression changes in response to VHL-reintroduction in metastatic 786-M1A cells.

2012-12-05 | GSE32297 | GEO

Next Generation Sequencing of 786-O-Ctrl and786-O-VHL Transcriptomes

Project description:Inactivation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase protein von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is critical to clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) and VHL syndrome. VHL loss leads to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIFα) and other substrate proteins, which may drive various tumor-promoting pathways. This process is likely reversible, because even in the highly aggressive human VHL-deficient ccRCC cell line 786-O, restoring VHL expression almost completely abolishes orthotopic tumor formation in immuno-deficient mice. This result highlights the potential of treating ccRCC by re-expressing VHL with gene therapy. However, there is inadequate understanding of the consequence of VHL restoration at the molecular level. Here, we reinstalled VHL expression in 786-O and performed transcriptome, proteome and ubiquitome profiling to assess the molecular impact.

2021-10-18 | GSE186013 | GEO

Tsc1 and Vhl loss cooperates to drive renal cell carcinoma through augmenting HIF1 and NRF2 signaling pathways

Project description:Besides the truncal VHL mutations, ccRCC is characterized by upregulated MTOR signals from both preclinical and clinical studies. To understand how upregulated MTOR signals cooperate with VHL loss in promoting kidney tumorigenesis, we generated kidney-specific deletion of Vhl and Tsc1 (Vhl;Tsc1 cDKO) in mice. The mice showed decreased life span with maximal age of 11 weeks, bilateral polycystic kidney diseases from ~3 weeks and multifocal solid renal cell carcinoma with eosinophilic cytoplasm and grade 2-3 from 7 weeks old. The mouse tumors resemble histology of the human kidney tumors with VHL and TSC1 mutations. To understand the mechanism of how Tsc1 loss cooperates with Vhl loss in promoting tumorigenesis, we performed transcriptomic, metabolomic and immunohistochemical profilings of renal cortices from age-matched wild-type, Vhl or Tsc1 single knockout, and Vhl;Tsc1 cDKO mice. Tsc1 loss cooperates with Vhl loss by augmenting the HIF1 transcriptional output, as well as altering the glutamine/glutamate metabolism, urea cycle, glycogen metabolism, and activating NRF2 signaling pathways which reprogram the cells to counteract the high oxidative stress associated with the proliferation. Our study reports a ccRCC mouse model recapitulating human ccRCC with same genetic background, provides mechanistic insights concerning cooperation between upregulated mTORC1 signals and VHL loss, generates in vivo reagents for studying ccRCC, and implicates potential clinical values.

2022-05-01 | GSE131735 | GEO

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