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Global profiling of genes expressed in silk glands of Philippine-reared mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori)

ABSTRACT: This study aims to bridge the gap in our knowledge of Philippine-reared silkworm by analyzing the gene expression profiles in the silkworm silk glands through next generation sequencing. RNA was isolated from the silk glands of 5th instar larvae and mRNA-enriched libraries were sequenced with NextSeq 500 (Illumina). To compare gene expression profiles of strains from CAR (Benguet) and TCMO (Misamis Oriental), DESeq2 analysis was performed. DESeq2 found 476 differentially expressed genes (222 upregulated, 254 downregulated) in CAR strains when compared to TCMO strains. Genes were mapped to protein IDs from the NCBI nr database and GO terms were assigned by mapping to the latest annotation data from KAIKObase. Enrichment of GO terms was analyzed using R package goseq. Among the top DEGs are myrosinase, heat shock proteins, serine protease inhibitors, dehydrogenases, and regulators of juvenile hormone. GO term enrichment analysis reveals overrepresentation of GO terms related to the biological processes nucleotide metabolism and biosynthesis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolic processes, regulation of transcription, and molecular functions related to nucleotide binding, protein binding, and metal binding, catalytic activity, oxidoreductase activity, and hydrolase activity. This study provides for the first time valuable information on the transcriptome of B. mori strains in the Philippines, which are adapted to the tropical environment. The transcriptome assemblies may serve as a resource for studies intended to improve local strains, particularly for increasing silk production.

ORGANISM(S): Bombyx mori

PROVIDER: GSE184152 | GEO | 2022/07/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) repress target genes at the post-transcriptional level, and function in the development and cell-lineage pathways of host species. Tissue-specific expression of miRNAs is highly relevant to their physiological roles in the corresponding tissues. However, to date, few miRNAs have been spatially identified in the silkworm. Results: We establish for the first time the spatial expression patterns of nearly 100 miRNAs in multiple normal tissues (organs) of Bombyx mori females and males using microarray and Northern-blotting analyses. In total, only 10 miRNAs were universally distributed (including bmo-let-7 and bmo-bantam), while the majority were expressed exclusively or preferentially in specific tissue types (e.g. bmo-miR-275 and bmo-miR-1). We additionally examined the developmental patterns of miRNA expression during metamorphosis of the body wall, silk glands, midgut and fat body. In total, 63 miRNAs displayed significant alterations in abundance in at least 1 tissue during the developmental transition from larvae to pupae (e.g. bmo-miR-263b and bmo-miR-124). Expression patterns of five miRNAs were significantly increased during metamorphosis in all four tissues (e.g. bmo-miR-27 and bmo-miR-305). Conclusions: In this study, we conducted preliminary spatial measurements of several miRNAs in the silkworm. Periods of rapid morphological change were associated with alterations in miRNA expression patterns in the body wall, silk glands, midgut and fat body during metamorphosis. Accordingly, we propose that this ubiquitous or tissue-specific expression of miRNAs supports their critical roles in tissue specification. The results obtained should facilitate future functional analyses. To determine the global spatial expression patterns of miRNAs in silkworm, we designed a DNA oligonucleotide-based microarray examining 92 unique miRNAs with 106 antisense probes. To determine the extent of tissue-specific changes during the specific developmental events, we assessed changes in miRNA expression in four individual tissues and organs (body wall, silk glands, midgut and fat body) from the larval to pupal stages.

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Global profiling of genes expressed in silk glands of Philippine-reared mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori)

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