Yeast expression data from conditions that inhibit sirtuins
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae Schizosaccharomyces pombe
PROVIDER: GSE18488 | GEO | 2010/05/11
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA120233
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Sir2 is an NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, and is the founding member of a large, phylogentically conserved, family of such deacetylases called the Sirtuins. The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, harbors 4 paralogs of Sir2, known as Hst1, Hst2, Hst3, and Hst4. Reducing the intracellular NAD+ concentration is inhibitory for the Sirtuins, and raising the intracellular nicotinamide (NAM) concentration is inhibitory. Microarray gene expression analysis was used to identify novel classes of yeast genes whose expression is altered when either NAD+ concentration is reduced or NAM is elevated. A subset of genes involved in thiamine biosynthesis was identified as being upregulated when Sir2 or Hst1 was inactivated. Several mutants in the NAD+ biosynthesis and salvage pathways were tested, along with WT and WT grown in the presence of 5 mM nicotinamide, which inhibits the Sirtuins. Duplicate cultures in rich YPD media were grown into log phase and then harvested. The deletion mutants npt1M-bM-^HM-^F, bna1M-bM-^HM-^F, tna1M-bM-^HM-^F, and pnc1M-bM-^HM-^F were compared to a wild-type (WT) strain. Additionally, a WT strain grown in the presence of 5 mM NAM was compared to WT without NAM. Total RNA was isolated and used for microarray hybridizations onto Affymetrix Yeast 2.0 Gene arrrays.
2010-05-10 | E-GEOD-18488 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sir2 and the homologous proteins, Hst1, Hst2, Hst3, and Hst4 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases of the sirtuin protein family. Sir2 functions in transcriptional silencing at the silent mating-type loci, telomeres, and rDNA locus, but also promotes replicative lifespan. To gain a better understanding of the chromatin-regulatory roles carried out by Sir2 and the Hst proteins, we performed ChIP-sequencing analysis on all five sirtuins and Sum1, the DNA binding partner for Hst1. Sir2, Hst1, and Sum1 were abundantly, and functionally co-enriched at several major targets, including the telomeric repeats, where they were required for maintaining proper telomere repeat length. At tRNA target genes they were required for efficient cohesin and condensin deposition. Across the open reading frames of glycolytic and ribosomal protein genes, Sir2 and Hst1 functioned in NAD+-dependent transcriptional repression at the diauxic shift, directly linking Sir2 to glucose metabolism, which could have implications for longevity. Six factors and Input ChIP-seq samples were analyzed in Saccharomyces eerevisiae.
2013-05-10 | E-GEOD-41415 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sir2 and the homologous proteins, Hst1, Hst2, Hst3, and Hst4 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases of the sirtuin protein family. Sir2 functions in transcriptional silencing at the silent mating-type loci, telomeres, and rDNA locus, but also promotes replicative lifespan. To gain a better understanding of the chromatin-regulatory roles carried out by Sir2 and the Hst proteins, we performed ChIP-sequencing analysis on all five sirtuins and Sum1, the DNA binding partner for Hst1. Sir2, Hst1, and Sum1 were abundantly, and functionally co-enriched at several major targets, including the telomeric repeats, where they were required for maintaining proper telomere repeat length. At tRNA target genes they were required for efficient cohesin and condensin deposition. Across the open reading frames of glycolytic and ribosomal protein genes, Sir2 and Hst1 functioned in NAD+-dependent transcriptional repression at the diauxic shift, directly linking Sir2 to glucose metabolism, which could have implications for longevity.
2013-05-10 | GSE41415 | GEO
Project description:Sir2-family of NAD-dependent histone deacetylases are involved in gene transcription repression in yeast. The C. glabrata genes encoding members of this family are SIR2 (CAGL0K01463g), HST1 (CAGL0C05357g), HST2 (CAGL0L08668g), HST3 (CAGL0H08239g) and HST4 (CAGL0F05621g). SIR4 (CAGL0K11396g) encodes a factor that forms a functional complex with Sir2. In this experiment, the transcription profile of C. glabrata HST1 null, HST2 null, SIR2 null or SIR4 null strain individually comparing with that of wild type strain was determined. All strains were grown in YPD liquid medium in Log phase at 30 C. Keywords: transcriptional profiling by microarray
2007-01-04 | GSE6626 | GEO
Project description:Sirtuins, a family of histone deacetylases, have a fiercely debated role in regulating lifespan of different species. Contrasting recent observations, we here find that overexpression of sir-2.1, the orthologue of mammalian SirT1, does extend C. elegans lifespan. Sirtuins are known to convert NAD+ into nicotinamide (NAM). We here find that NAM and its metabolite, 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA), extend C. elegans lifespan, also in the absence of sir-2.1. Consistently, impairment of sir-2.1 prevents extension of lifespan by nicotinic acid (NA), a NAD+ precursor. Taken together, sirtuins extend lifespan by promoting formation of MNA to generate a phase I - mediated ROS signal, providing an unexpected mechanistic role for sirtuins beyond histone deacetylation.
2013-08-09 | GSE49662 | GEO
Project description:Sirtuins, a family of histone deacetylases, have a fiercely debated role in regulating lifespan of different species. Contrasting recent observations, we here find that overexpression of sir-2.1, the orthologue of mammalian SirT1, does extend C. elegans lifespan. Sirtuins are known to convert NAD+ into nicotinamide (NAM). We here find that NAM and its metabolite, 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA), extend C. elegans lifespan, also in the absence of sir-2.1. Consistently, impairment of sir-2.1 prevents extension of lifespan by nicotinic acid (NA), a NAD+ precursor. Taken together, sirtuins extend lifespan by promoting formation of MNA to generate a phase I - mediated ROS signal, providing an unexpected mechanistic role for sirtuins beyond histone deacetylation. 9 samples: 3 mRNA profiles of C.elegans 48h after L4 exposed to nicotinic acid; 3 mRNA profiles of C.elegans 48h after L4 exposed to 1-MNA; 3 mRNA profiles of C.elegans 48h after L4 as controls (H20)
2013-08-09 | E-GEOD-49662 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mechanisms to control the immune response are important to pathogen evasion and host defense. Gram-negative bacteria are common pathogens that can activate host immune responses through their outer membrane component, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Macrophages activated by LPS induce cell signals that promote hypoxic metabolism, phagocytosis, and antigen presentation. Nicotinamide (NAM) is a vitamin B3 derivative and precursor in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), which is a required co-factor in cellular function. In this study, treatment of human monocyte derived macrophages with NAM antagonized LPS-induced responses by altering the expression of ubiquitin genes, increasing HIF-1alpha and p65/RelA ubiquitination, decreasing p65/RelA acetylation and promoting the formation of the proteasome. NAM also elevated intracellular NAD levels and altered the genetic expression of sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. These NAM responses highlight post-translational events in regulating the host response to pathogens and identify the ubiquitome as a target in pathogen evasion and host defense.
2023-05-01 | GSE188206 | GEO
Project description:Expression profiling, ChiP-CHIP and phenotypic analysis were used to investigate the functional relationships of class III NAD+-dependent HDACs (Sirtuins) in fission yeast. We detected significant histone acetylation increases in Sirtuin mutants at their specific genomic binding targets and were thus able to identify an in vivo substrate preference for each Sirtuin. At heterochromatic loci, we demonstrate that although Hst2 is mainly cytoplasmic, a nuclear pool of Hst2 co-localises with the other Sirtuins at silent regions (cen, mat, tel, rDNA) and that like the other Sirtuins, Hst2 is required for rDNA and centromeric silencing. Interestingly we found specific functions for the fission yeast Sirtuins Hst2 and Hst4 in gene regulation. Hst2 directly represses genes involved in transport and membrane function whereas Hst4 represses amino acid biosynthesis genes and Tf2 retrotransposons. A specific role for Hst4 in Tf2 5’ mRNA processing was revealed. Thus, Sirtuins share functions at many genomic targets, but Hst2 and Hst4 have also evolved unique functions in gene regulation. Keywords: chromatin; fission yeast; gene silencing; retrotransposon; Sirtuin; HDAC
2007-04-24 | GSE6114 | GEO
Project description:Sirtuin deacetylases and forkhead box class O (FOXO) transcription factors are central regulators of cell survival, cell cycle and cellular resistance to stress in response to signals from hormones, growth factors and oxidative stress. FOXO activity is modulated by the sirtuins, which function in a NAD+-dependent manner. Sirtuin activity, on the other hand is subject to inhibition by a natural compound nicotinamide (NAM). This study aims to investigate the effects of NAM on the sirtuin pathway and cellular homeostasis. It was hypothesized that NAM inhibits the sirtuin deacetylase activity, which then shifts FOXO-dependent responses away from stress resistance and towards apoptosis. Expression analysis using Affymetrix microarray was employed to determine differential gene expression in HEK293 cells in response to NAM treatment. Data analyses were performed using multiple algorithms, computational methods and interaction analyses. Significant changes in gene expression were detected with the generation of an expansive list of genes and interaction amongst gene groups were identified from the NAM treatment at different concentration. Substantial changes in expression profiles were detected for genes involved in a number of unique cellular pathways and functions, including cell cycle arrest, cellular proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, apoptotic signaling, inflammatory regulation and various disease conditions such as cancer. In addition, this study observed that sirtuin activities exhibit complex cell- and contextdependent behavior in modulating FOXO signaling. Contrasting roles of FOXOs and sirtuins appear to have opposite effects on cellular homeostasis. In addition, the coexistence of reciprocal regulations in this cell system suggested several levels of feedback control and illustrated the complexity of an existing fine-tuned regulatory network system between these two proteins. Future work aims to characterize putative regulators and effectors of sirtuin- and FOXO-related pathways using molecular approaches such and RNA interference knockdown of individual FOXO-isoforms. Inter-connectivity of the pathways will provide invaluable insight into current understanding of cell degeneration diseases such as diabetes, cancers and neurological disorders. Keywords: Serial concentration experiment
2018-12-31 | GSE9707 | GEO
Project description:Sirtuin deacetylases and forkhead box class O (FOXO) transcription factors are central regulators of cell survival, cell cycle and cellular resistance to stress in response to signals from hormones, growth factors and oxidative stress. FOXO activity is modulated by the sirtuins, which function in a NAD+-dependent manner. Sirtuin activity, on the other hand is subject to inhibition by a natural compound nicotinamide (NAM). This study aims to investigate the effects of NAM on the sirtuin pathway and cellular homeostasis. It was hypothesized that NAM inhibits the sirtuin deacetylase activity, which then shifts FOXO-dependent responses away from stress resistance and towards apoptosis. Expression analysis using Affymetrix microarray was employed to determine differential gene expression in HEK293 cells in response to NAM treatment. Data analyses were performed using multiple algorithms, computational methods and interaction analyses. Significant changes in gene expression were detected with the generation of an expansive list of genes and interaction amongst gene groups were identified from the NAM treatment at different concentration. Substantial changes in expression profiles were detected for genes involved in a number of unique cellular pathways and functions, including cell cycle arrest, cellular proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, apoptotic signaling, inflammatory regulation and various disease conditions such as cancer. In addition, this study observed that sirtuin activities exhibit complex cell- and contextdependent behavior in modulating FOXO signaling. Contrasting roles of FOXOs and sirtuins appear to have opposite effects on cellular homeostasis. In addition, the coexistence of reciprocal regulations in this cell system suggested several levels of feedback control and illustrated the complexity of an existing fine-tuned regulatory network system between these two proteins. Future work aims to characterize putative regulators and effectors of sirtuin- and FOXO-related pathways using molecular approaches such and RNA interference knockdown of individual FOXO-isoforms. Inter-connectivity of the pathways will provide invaluable insight into current understanding of cell degeneration diseases such as diabetes, cancers and neurological disorders. Keywords: Serial concentration experiment
2018-12-31 | GSE7319 | GEO