Single nuclei RNA sequencing of skin draining lymph nodes in the setting of skin inflammation and RAG1 fate mapping
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Type 2 inflammation contributes to the pathology of skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and urticaria. We previously found that AD-like inflammation induced by calcipotriol in mice is critically mediated by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), while T cells and B cells are dispensable given development of robust AD-like disease in RAG knockout mice. Indeed, we found that in RAG knockout mice AD-like inflammation was worse, with a proportion of ILC2s displaying increased markers of activation. The goal of this study was to characterize transcriptional and epigenomic changes in ILC populations with a history, or not, of expressing RAG1 in the setting of AD-like skin inflammation.
Project description:Type 2 inflammation contributes to the pathology of skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and urticaria. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells are key mediators of skin inflammation by releasing type 2 cytokines in response to certain environmental stimuli. We recently found that Rag1 knockout mice exhibit more pronounced skin inflammation in a mouse model of atopic-dermatitis-like disease, despite lacking adaptive immune cells like T helper 2 cells, implicating a critical role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in this condition. The goal of this study was to characterize transcriptional differences between WT and Rag KO type 2 innate lymphoid cells to determine if Rag knockout leads to cell-intrinsic alterations in innate lymphoid cell function.
Project description:Purpose: To analyze the transcriptome difference of ILC2s isoalted from WT and RAG-/- mice under inflammaed condition Method: Lung ILC2s from mice chronically challenged with papain (40 µg/20 µl PBS, 6 subsequest papain challenges, day 0, 1, 2, 13, 14, and 15)
Project description:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common pruritic dermatitis with macroscopically nonlesional skin that is often abnormal. Therefore, we used high-density oligonucleotide arrays to identify cutaneous gene transcription changes associated with early AD inflammation as potential disease control targets. Skin biopsy specimens analyzed included normal skin from five healthy nonatopic adults and both minimally lesional skin and nearby or contralateral nonlesional skin from six adult AD patients. Keywords: disease state analysis We used high-density oligonucleotide Affymetrix Human U133A GeneChip arrays to identify cutaneous gene transcription changes associated with early AD inflammation as potential disease control targets. Skin biopsy specimens analyzed included normal skin from five healthy nonatopic adults and both minimally lesional skin and nearby or contralateral nonlesional skin from six adult AD patients.
Project description:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common pruritic dermatitis with macroscopically nonlesional skin that is often abnormal. Therefore, we used high-density oligonucleotide arrays to identify cutaneous gene transcription changes associated with early AD inflammation as potential disease control targets. Skin biopsy specimens analyzed included normal skin from five healthy nonatopic adults and both minimally lesional skin and nearby or contralateral nonlesional skin from six adult AD patients. Keywords: disease state analysis
Project description:To investigate the effect of emollient on atopic march in a murine model of chronic atopic dermatitis (AD). Mice were divided into 3 groups and treated with topical calcipotriol and ovalbumin alone or with a linoleic acid-ceramide-containing emollient. After 28 days, clinical, histological, and transcriptomic analyses were performed in skin lesions, lung and serum. Calcipotriol combined with ovalbumin induced a typical AD model with concomitant increased expression of Th2 and basophil-related genes in the lung. Compared to AD group, emollient group: 1) Skin: clinical severity and inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly reduced and transcriptomic analysis revealed significant downregulation of AD-related genes (286 of 1450 differentially expressed genes (DEGs)) including those related to innate inflammation (S100a8/a9, Il1b, Defb3/6, Mmp12), chemokines (Cxcl1/3, Ccl3/4) and barrier (Krt2/6b/80, Serpinb12, Lce3e, Sprr2). DEGs down-regulated by emollient were enriched in mitochondrial OXPHOS-related pathways, while up-regulated DEGs were mainly enriched in axon guidance, tight junctions, as shown by KEGG analyses. 2) Serum: total IgE and TSLP levels were significantly decreased, and IL-4 levels showed a decreasing tendency. 3) Lung: 187 of 275 upregulated DEGs were significantly downregulated in lung tissue including genes involved in cytokine and cytokine receptor interaction (Cxcl2/Cxcr2, Ccl2/3, Csf3r, etc.) and basophil activation (Mcpt8, Cd200r3, Ms4a2). Thus, topical emollient not only reduces skin inflammation and maintain skin barrier homeostasis by inhibiting the mitochondrial respiratory chain, but also limits systemic inflammation by decreasing TSLP and IgE levels. Moreover, it reduces respiratory chemokine production and basophil infiltration and activation, providing a molecular basis for blocking the atopic march.
Project description:Type 2 inflammation contributes to the pathology of pruritic skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Chronic pruritus of unknown origin (CPUO) is a skin condition of unknown etiology that typically has minimal inflammation. Yet, some patients with CPUO display signs of mildly increased type 2 inflammation. This study aims to compare skin transcriptional profiles in CPUO to healthy skin and to skin from AD, a classical type 2 inflammatory condition.
Project description:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a debilitating inflammatory skin disorder. Biologics targeting the IL-4/IL-13 axis are effective in AD, but there is still a large proportion of patients that do not respond to IL-4R blockade. Further exploration of potentially pathogenic T cell-derived cytokines in AD may lead to new effective treatments. This study aimed to investigate the downstream effects of IL-26 on skin in the context of type 2 skin inflammation. We found that IL-26 alone exhibited limited inflammatory activity in skin. However, in presence of IL-1β, IL-26 potentiated the secretion of TSLP, CXCL1 and CCL20 from human epidermis through JAK/STAT signaling. Moreover, in an in vivo AD-like skin inflammation model, IL-26 exacerbated skin pathology and locally increased type 2 cytokines, most notably of Il13 in skin T helper cells. Neutralization of IL-1β abrogated IL-26-mediated effects, indicating that the presence of IL-1β is required for full IL-26 downstream action in vivo. These findings suggest that the presence of IL-1β enables IL-26 to be a key amplifier of inflammation in the skin. As such, IL-26 may contribute to the development and pathogenesis of inflammatory skin disorders such as AD.
Project description:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease. We recently described an animal model in which repeated epicutaneous applications of a house dust mite extract and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B induced eczematous skin lesions. In this study we showed that global gene expression patterns are very similar between human AD skin and allergen/staphylococcal enterotoxin B–induced mouse skin lesions, particularly in the expression of genes related to epidermal growth/differentiation, skin barrier, lipid/energy metabolism, immune response, or extracellular matrix. In this model, mast cells and T cells, but not B cells or eosinophils, were shown to be required for the full expression of dermatitis, as revealed by reduced skin inflammation and reduced serum IgE levels in mice lacking mast cells or T cells (TCRb-/- or Rag1-/-). The clinical severity of dermatitis correlated with the numbers of mast cells, but not eosinophils. Consistent with the idea that T helper type 2 (Th2) cells play a predominant role in allergic diseases, the receptor for the Th2-promoting cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin and the high-affinity IgE receptor, FceRI, were required to attain maximal clinical scores. Therefore, this clinically relevant model provides mechanistic insights into the pathogenic mechanism of human AD. A total of six samples were analyzed. Back skin samples from healthy or AD-induced C57BL/6, PLC-beta 3 KO (C57BL/6 background), and NC/Nga mice were collected for total RNA extraction. Pooled RNA from 2-4 mice per condition were used for analysis.
Project description:Solar urticaria (SU) is clinically characterised by rapid onset sunlight-induced urticaria, but its cutaneous pathophysiology is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate cutaneous cellular and molecular events in the evolution of SU responses following solar simulated ultraviolet radiation (SSR) exposure, and compare with responses in healthy controls (HC). Cutaneous biopsies were taken from unexposed skin and from skin exposed to a single low (physiological) dose of SSR, at 30 minutes, 3 hours and 24 hours post-exposure, in n=6 SU patients and n=6 HC. Biopsies were assessed by immunohistochemistry (n=6 SU, n=6 HC) and RNA-sequencing analysis (n=4 SU, n=4 HC). This dataset contains RNAseq data from the SU patients.