Influence of catalytic and non-catalytic functions of class I HDACs on the cellular transcriptome
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE193885 | GEO | 2022/08/14
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Influence of catalytic and non-catalytic functions of class I HDACs on the cellular transcriptome
| PRJNA798355 | ENA
Project description:Project description: Taking advantage of a newly generated model system, we examined the influence of class I HDAC catalytic and non-catalytic function on the cellular proteome and acetylome. Therefore, we generated HAP1 cell lines either lacking individual class I HDACs or expressing catalytically inactive isoforms. Using these cell lines, we investigated whether deletion or inactivation of specific class I HDACs better mimics inhibitor treated cells using isobaric labeling (TMTpro).
2022-08-16 | PXD030164 | Pride
Project description:Here we performed a targeted small molecule screen on a stable, SHH-dependent murine MB cell line (SMB21). A subset of the HDAC inhibitors tested significantly inhibit tumor growth of SMB21 cells by preventing SHH pathway activation. Of note, class I HDAC inhibitors were also efficacious in suppressing growth of diverse SMO inhibitor-resistant clones of SMB21 cells. Finally, we show that the novel HDAC inhibitor Quisinostat (JNJ) targets multiple class I HDACs, is well tolerated in mouse models and robustly inhibits growth of SHH MB cells in vivo as well as in vitro. Our data provide strong evidence that Quisinostat (JNJ) or other class I HDAC inhibitors might be therapeutically useful for patients with SHH MB including those resistant to SMO inhibition.
2019-04-10 | GSE129512 | GEO
Project description:Overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in cancer commonly causes resistance to genotoxic based therapies. Here we report on the novel mechanism whereby overexpressed class I HDACs increase the resistance of glioblastoma cells to the SN1 methylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). The chemotherapeutic TMZ triggers the activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) in resistant glioma cells, leading to DNA lesion bypass and cellular survival. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the catalytic activity of class I HDACs stimulates the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18. Furthermore, the data show that RAD18 is part of the O6-methylguanine-induced DDR as TMZ induces the formation of RAD18 foci at sites of DNA damage. Downregulation of RAD18 by HDAC inhibition prevents glioma cells from activating the DDR upon TMZ exposure. Lastly, RAD18 or O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) overexpression abolishes the sensitization effect of HDAC inhibition on TMZ-exposed glioma cells. Our study describes the mechanism whereby class I HDAC overexpression in glioma cells causes resistance to TMZ treatment. HDACs accomplish this by promoting the bypass of O6-methylguanine DNA lesions via enhancing RAD18 expression. It also provides a treatment option with HDAC inhibition to undermine this mechanism.
2022-04-01 | PXD028683 | Pride
Project description:Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important regulators of epigenetic gene modification that are involved in the transcriptional control of metabolism. In particular class IIa HDACs have been shown to affect hepatic gluconeogenesis and previous approaches revealed that their inhibition reduces blood glucose in type 2 diabetic mice. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of class IIa HDAC inhibition as a therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of metabolic diseases. For that, siRNAs selectively targeting HDAC4, 5 and 7 were selected and used to achieve a combinatorial knockdown of these three class IIa HDAC isoforms. Subsequently, the hepatocellular effects as well as the impact on glucose and lipid metabolism were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. The triple knockdown resulted in a statistically significant decrease of gluconeogenic gene expression in a murine hepatic cell line as well as in human primary hepatocytes. Despite a similar HDAC-induced downregulation of hepatic genes involved in gluconeogenesis in mice using a liver-specific lipid nanoparticle siRNA formulation, the in vivo effects on whole body glucose metabolism were only limited and did not outweigh the safety concerns observed by histopathological analysis in spleen and kidney. Mechanistically, Affymetrix gene chip analysis and gene expression studies provide evidence that class IIa HDACs directly target and thus regulate the expression of HNF4α and FOXP1 in the liver, thereby modifying gene regulatory mechanisms mediating glucose and lipid metabolism and transport. In conclusion, the combinatorial knockdown of HDAC4, 5 and 7 by therapeutic siRNAs affected multiple pathways in vitro and in vivo leading to the downregulation of genes involved in gluconeogenesis. However, the effects on the gene expression level were not paralleled by a significant reduction of gluconeogenesis in mice, as shown in pyruvate tolerance tests. However, the liver-specific inhibition of these HDAC isoforms was associated with severe adverse effects in vivo, making this approach not a viable treatment option for chronic metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes.
2020-09-01 | GSE154554 | GEO
Project description:Background: Ewing sarcoma (EwS) are characterized by oncogenic chimeric EWS-ETS proteins. EZH2 is upregulated via predominant EWS-FLI1 in EwS. RNAi of EZH2 revealed an EZH2-maintained, undifferentiated, stemness phenotype. Herein, microarray analysis demonstrated that treatment with HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) entinostat or TSA resulted in the induction of a similar pattern of differentiation genes as observed after EZH2 RNAi. This indicates that EZH2-containing PRC2 complexes may serve as a building block of class I HDAC activity in EwS. Methods: The role of class I HDACs was determined using different inhibitors including TSA, romidepsin (FK228), entinostat (MS-275) and PCI-34051 as well as CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knock outs and HDAC RNAi. To analyze resulting changes microarray and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), qRT-PCR, western blotting, Co-IP, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, invasion assays and xenograft-mouse models were used. Results: Class I HDACs are constitutively expressed in EwS. They seem regulated via EWS-FLI1. Interestingly, patients with high levels of individual class I HDAC expression show decreased overall survival. CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knock out of individual HDACs such as HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibited growth, invasiveness, and blocked local tumor growth in xenograft mice. Microarray and GSEA analysis demonstrated that treatment with individual HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) blocked an EWS-FLI1 specific expression profile, while entinostat in addition suppressed metastasis relevant genes. EwS cells demonstrated increased susceptibility to treatment with first line chemotherapeutics including doxorubicin in the presence of HDACi. Furthermore, HDACi treatment mimicked RNAi of EZH2 in EwS. Treated cells showed diminished growth capacity, but an increased endothelial as well as neuronal differentiation ability. HDACi synergizes with EED inhibitor (EEDi) in vitro and together inhibited tumor growth in xenograft mice. Co-IP experiments identified HDAC class I family members as part of a regulatory complex together with PRC2. Conclusion: Class I HDAC proteins seem to be important mediators of the pathognomonic EWS-ETS-mediated transcription program in EwS and in combination therapy, co-treatment with HDACi are interesting new treatment opportunities for this malignant disease.
2021-10-20 | GSE162786 | GEO
Project description:Background: Ewing sarcoma (EwS) are characterized by oncogenic chimeric EWS-ETS proteins. EZH2 is upregulated via predominant EWS-FLI1 in EwS. RNAi of EZH2 revealed an EZH2-maintained, undifferentiated, stemness phenotype. Herein, microarray analysis demonstrated that treatment with HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) entinostat or TSA resulted in the induction of a similar pattern of differentiation genes as observed after EZH2 RNAi. This indicates that EZH2-containing PRC2 complexes may serve as a building block of class I HDAC activity in EwS. Methods: The role of class I HDACs was determined using different inhibitors including TSA, romidepsin (FK228), entinostat (MS-275) and PCI-34051 as well as CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knock outs and HDAC RNAi. To analyze resulting changes microarray and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), qRT-PCR, western blotting, Co-IP, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, invasion assays and xenograft-mouse models were used. Results: Class I HDACs are constitutively expressed in EwS. They seem regulated via EWS-FLI1. Interestingly, patients with high levels of individual class I HDAC expression show decreased overall survival. CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knock out of individual HDACs such as HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibited growth, invasiveness, and blocked local tumor growth in xenograft mice. Microarray and GSEA analysis demonstrated that treatment with individual HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) blocked an EWS-FLI1 specific expression profile, while entinostat in addition suppressed metastasis relevant genes. EwS cells demonstrated increased susceptibility to treatment with first line chemotherapeutics including doxorubicin in the presence of HDACi. Furthermore, HDACi treatment mimicked RNAi of EZH2 in EwS. Treated cells showed diminished growth capacity, but an increased endothelial as well as neuronal differentiation ability. HDACi synergizes with EED inhibitor (EEDi) in vitro and together inhibited tumor growth in xenograft mice. Co-IP experiments identified HDAC class I family members as part of a regulatory complex together with PRC2. Conclusion: Class I HDAC proteins seem to be important mediators of the pathognomonic EWS-ETS-mediated transcription program in EwS and in combination therapy, co-treatment with HDACi are interesting new treatment opportunities for this malignant disease.
2021-10-20 | GSE162785 | GEO
Project description:Background: Ewing sarcoma (EwS) are characterized by oncogenic chimeric EWS-ETS proteins. EZH2 is upregulated via predominant EWS-FLI1 in EwS. RNAi of EZH2 revealed an EZH2-maintained, undifferentiated, stemness phenotype. Herein, microarray analysis demonstrated that treatment with HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) entinostat or TSA resulted in the induction of a similar pattern of differentiation genes as observed after EZH2 RNAi. This indicates that EZH2-containing PRC2 complexes may serve as a building block of class I HDAC activity in EwS. Methods: The role of class I HDACs was determined using different inhibitors including TSA, romidepsin (FK228), entinostat (MS-275) and PCI-34051 as well as CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knock outs and HDAC RNAi. To analyze resulting changes microarray and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), qRT-PCR, western blotting, Co-IP, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, invasion assays and xenograft-mouse models were used. Results: Class I HDACs are constitutively expressed in EwS. They seem regulated via EWS-FLI1. Interestingly, patients with high levels of individual class I HDAC expression show decreased overall survival. CRISPR/Cas9 class I HDAC knock out of individual HDACs such as HDAC1 and HDAC2 inhibited growth, invasiveness, and blocked local tumor growth in xenograft mice. Microarray and GSEA analysis demonstrated that treatment with individual HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) blocked an EWS-FLI1 specific expression profile, while entinostat in addition suppressed metastasis relevant genes. EwS cells demonstrated increased susceptibility to treatment with first line chemotherapeutics including doxorubicin in the presence of HDACi. Furthermore, HDACi treatment mimicked RNAi of EZH2 in EwS. Treated cells showed diminished growth capacity, but an increased endothelial as well as neuronal differentiation ability. HDACi synergizes with EED inhibitor (EEDi) in vitro and together inhibited tumor growth in xenograft mice. Co-IP experiments identified HDAC class I family members as part of a regulatory complex together with PRC2. Conclusion: Class I HDAC proteins seem to be important mediators of the pathognomonic EWS-ETS-mediated transcription program in EwS and in combination therapy, co-treatment with HDACi are interesting new treatment opportunities for this malignant disease.
2021-10-20 | GSE162788 | GEO
Project description:Analysis of Class II Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis at the gene expression level. We show that in liver, Class IIa HDACs (HDAC4, 5, and 7) are all phosphorylated and excluded from the nucleus by AMPK family kinases. In response to the fasting hormone glucagon, Class IIa HDACs rapidly translocate to the nucleus where they directly bind to the promoters of gluconeogenic enzymes such as G6Pase. In turn, HDAC4/5 mediate the acute transcriptional induction of these genes via deacetylation and activation of Foxo family transcription factors. Loss of Class IIa HDACs in the murine liver results in inhibition of FOXO target genes and lowers blood glucose, resulting in increased glycogen storage. Total RNA obtained from primary hepatocytes infected with shGFP or shHDAC4 & 5 subjected to 2 or 4 hours treatment with DMSO or forskolin.
2011-09-08 | E-GEOD-20979 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Our class IIa HDAC inhibitor, NVS-HD1, inhibited HDAC4 with less than 1 nM potency while exhibiting >200 fold selectivity on class IIa HDACs compared to class I (HDAC1, 3, 8) and class IIb (HDAC6) HDACs, making it the most potent and selective class IIa HDAC inhibitor reported so far. We tested the efficacy of NVS-HD1 in the mouse denervation model, either alone or on the genetic background of HDAC4 whole-body inducible knockout (HDAC4 iRKO). Global gene expression changes in gastrocnemius muscles were profiled by RNAseq. In the innervated control legs, HDAC4 knockout or NVS-HD1 caused little changes in gene expression compared to WT mice. HDAC4 knockout or NVS-HD1 mainly reversed denervation induced changes and the genes regulated by them largely overlap, suggesting that NVS-HD1 is quite specific against class IIa HDACs.
2019-11-27 | GSE136627 | GEO