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Transcriptomic profiles of consistent risk-taking behaviour across time and contexts in European sea bass

ABSTRACT: Boldness is known to be a key driver of accessibility to food or reproduction, but also of increased risk including of being predated. Boldness is supposed consistent across time and contexts but studies investigating stability of this trait in variable environments, including in terms of stress load and over long periods of time are scarce. Moreover, underlying molecular components are poorly studied. Here, we report that boldness of 1154 European sea bass, evaluated using group risk-taking tests, is consistent over 7 months and for individuals subjected to multiple environments, including a stressful environment. Differences in risk-taking behaviour were strengthened by differences observed in the responses to a novel environment test; shy individuals displaed higher group dispersion, higher thigmotaxic behaviour and lower activity. Transcriptomic analyses performed on extreme phenotypes revealed that bold individuals display greater expression for genes involved in social and exploration behaviour, and memory in the pituitary, and genes involved in immunity and response to stimulus in the head kidney. This study demonstrates that personality traits come with underpinning molecular signature, especially in organs involved in the endocrine and immune systems. As such, our results may help to depict the state-behaviour feedback, previously proposed as key in shaping personality.

ORGANISM(S): Dicentrarchus labrax

PROVIDER: GSE195636 | GEO | 2022/05/25

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Circadian rhythm disturbances have long been associated with the development of psychiatric disorders, including mood and substance use disorders. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for the onset of psychiatric disorders and for circadian rhythm and sleep disruptions. Preclinical studies have found that circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) impacts the brain and behavior, but this research is largely focused on adult disruptions. Here, we sought to determine the long-term behavioral and neurobiological effects of CRD during early adolescence by exposing mice to 12 h shifts in the light/dark cycle. We hypothesized that adolescent CRD would have a greater effect on psychiatric-related behaviors, relative to adult disruption. To identify possible mechanisms, we also measured gene expression in brain regions relevant to circadian rhythms, mood and reward. We found that disruption during early adolescence, but not adulthood, persistently increased exploratory drive (risk-taking behavior) and cocaine preference when tested later in life. Interestingly, we found sex differences when intravenous cocaine self-administration was tested. While female mice with a history of adolescent CRD had a greater propensity to self-administer cocaine, as well as increased motivation and cue-induced reinstatement, male adolescent CRD mice had reduced motivation and extinction responding. Overall, adolescent CRD in mice caused persistent increases in risky behavior, cocaine reward and cocaine self-administration, which suggests that CRD during adolescence may predispose individuals towards substance use disorders. Importantly, we found that many transcripts were affected by adolescent CRD and these were largely distinct across sex and brain region. Future research is required to elucidate how adolescent CRD affects behaviors relevant to mood- and substance use-related disorders across the 24-hour day, as well as to identify intervention strategies to alleviate disruption during adolescence and novel therapeutic approaches once symptoms have begun.

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Transcriptomic profiles of consistent risk-taking behaviour across time and contexts in European sea bass

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