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RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi (Methylation)

ABSTRACT: The dysregulation of the histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) methyltransferase, SETD2, is associated with worse clinical outcomes and metastasis in clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, we reveal that kidney cancer cells displaying diminished H3K36me3 levels (SETD2 deficiency) show increased sensitivity to the anti-tumor effects of the DNA hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (Decitabine/DAC). DAC treatment induced stronger viral mimicry activation and immunostimulatory signals by higher transposable element (TE) expression in SETD2-mutant cancer cells. Surprisingly, we demonstrate that the increased TE abundance in SETD2-knockout (SETD2-KO) kidney cancer cells is substantially derived from mis-spliced products induced by DAC treatment. Epigenetic profiling suggests that differential DNA methylation, H3K36me3, and H3K9me3 marks across exons and intronic TEs might contribute to elevated mis-splicing rates specifically in the SETD2 loss context. Finally, SETD2 dysregulation also sensitized tumors in vivo to combinatorial therapy of DAC and immune checkpoint inhibitors highlighting the translational potential for this precision medicine.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE198673 | GEO | 2023/01/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi (ChiP-Seq and RNA-Seq)

Project description:The dysregulation of the histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) methyltransferase, SETD2, is associated with worse clinical outcomes and metastasis in clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, we reveal that kidney cancer cells displaying diminished H3K36me3 levels (SETD2 deficiency) show increased sensitivity to the anti-tumor effects of the DNA hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (Decitabine/DAC). DAC treatment induced stronger viral mimicry activation and immunostimulatory signals by higher transposable element (TE) expression in SETD2-mutant cancer cells. Surprisingly, we demonstrate that the increased TE abundance in SETD2-knockout (SETD2-KO) kidney cancer cells is substantially derived from mis-spliced products induced by DAC treatment. Epigenetic profiling suggests that differential DNA methylation, H3K36me3, and H3K9me3 marks across exons and intronic TEs might contribute to elevated mis-splicing rates specifically in the SETD2 loss context. Finally, SETD2 dysregulation also sensitized tumors in vivo to combinatorial therapy of DAC and immune checkpoint inhibitors highlighting the translational potential for this precision medicine.

2023-01-27 | GSE198670 | GEO

Dual Inhibition of DNA methylation and PARP Increases Anti-tumor Efficacy in SETD2 Deficient Kidney Cancer

Project description:Purpose: SETD2 deficiency, a driving force of depleted levels of H3K36me3 due to impaired methyltransferase activity, plays an important role in diverse forms of cancer, most notably in aggressive and metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). Developing novel treatment schema targeting SETD2-compromised cancer cells are urgently needed. Methods: Human kidney cancer cell lines with or without SETD2 deficiency were treated with a DNA Hypomethylating Agent (HMA), a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi), and both (HMA + PARPi) in combination in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Cell inhibition, Comet, flow cytometry, western blot, and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) gene expression assays as well as bioinformatic analyses were performed to explore the underlying mechanism action. Results: By taking advantage of involvement of SETD2 in DNA methylation and DNA repair, we found the combination treatment of an HMA (5-Aza-CdR/DAC) and a PARPi (Talazoparib/BMN-673) generated increased cytotoxicity in in vitro SETD2-deficient RCC cell lines than in SETD2-proficient cell lines. Furthermore, our results also demonstrate synergetic anti-tumor effects in SETD2 deficiency RCC cell lines when treated with DAC and BMN-673 that include apoptotic induction, increased DNA damage, insufficient DNA damage repair, upregulation of immune responses by STING and transposable elements (TEs), as well as increased genomic instability. Finally, the combination treatment for SETD2-deficient RCCs was also validated using in vivo mouse models. Conclusion: SETD2 deficiency creates a vulnerable epigenetic status to generate efficacious anti-tumor effects via the combination treatment of DAC and BMN-673 in human and mouse RCC systems, making it a precise medicine-based approach for SETD2-compromised cancers.

2023-08-29 | GSE223893 | GEO

RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi

Project description:RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi

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RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi (Methylation)

Project description:RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi (Methylation)

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SETD2 loss sensitizes kidney cancer cells to DNA hypomethylating agents

Project description:Large-scale sequencing efforts in Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have found a high prevalence of mutations in chromatin-related genes. Prominent within this group is SETD2, which is mutated in 15% of ccRCC and is associated with aggressive disease. SETD2 is a methyltransferase responsible for trimethylating lysine 36 on histone H3 (H3K36me3). Although it is not completely understood how SETD2 loss contributes to ccRCC tumorigenesis, it is thought that it reprograms the epigenetic landscape of the cell. Here we explore the impact that SETD2/H3K36me3 loss has on the DNA methylome in ccRCC cells. DNA methylation was measured using the EPIC DNA methylation assay in 786-O ccRCC cells and non-cancerous transformed proximal tubule kidney cells (HKC) with and without SETD2. Sensitivity to DNA hypomethylating agents was assessed by dose-response assay using 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Apoptosis was measured via Annexin-V/PI staining by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial fitness was evaluated by electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Moreover, activity of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a DNA hypomethylating agent, in was assessed in SETD2 WT/KO xenografts in NOD-Scid mice. SETD2 loss resulted in DNA hypermethylation in HKC cells and to a greater extent in 786-O. Dose-response assays showed that SETD2-null ccRCC cells are sensitive to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Furthermore, Annexin-V/PI staining revealed more apoptotic and necrotic cells in SETD2-null cells following 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment, which was rescued using a Caspase inhibitor. In addition, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine induced profound changes in mitochondria in SETD2-null cells, including loss of membrane potential and size reduction. Indeed, in vivo experiments verified increased SETD2-null xenografts’ sensitivity to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. We show that SETD2 loss in ccRCC cells causes DNA hypermethylation, creating a synthetic lethal dependency with DNA hypomethylating agents.

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Dynamic Reprogramming of DNA Methylation in SETD2-Deregulated Renal Cell Carcinoma

Project description:Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) harbor frequent mutations in epigenetic modifiers including SETD2, the writer for H3K36me3. We profiles DNA methylation across cell line models of SETD2 inactivation and SETD2 mutated primary tumors as this epigenetic mark is linked to H3K36me3 and is a targetable mark for cancer therapy. SETD2 depleted cell line models (long-term and acute) exhibited a hypermethylation phenotype coinciding with ectopic gains in H3K36me3 centered across intergenic regions adjacent to low expression genes that became upregulated with dysregulation of the epigenome. Poised enhancers of developmental genes demonstrated enrichment for the hypermethylation phenotype. Deregulation of the epigenome observed in the cell line models was recapitulated in SETD2 mutated primary ccRCC, papillary renal cell carcinomas, and lung adenocarcinomas.

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SETD2 loss sensitizes kidney cancer cells to DNA hypomethylating agents

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2023-05-25 | PXD041343 | Pride

SETD2 loss sensitizes kidney cancer cells to DNA hypomethylating agents [methylation]

Project description:SETD2 loss sensitizes kidney cancer cells to DNA hypomethylating agents [methylation]

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RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi (ChiP-Seq and RNA-Seq)

Project description:RNA mis-splicing sensitizes SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells to DNMTi (ChiP-Seq and RNA-Seq)

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