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Conidia but not yeast cells of the fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum trigger a type I interferon innate immune response in murine macrophages

ABSTRACT: To identify signaling pathways that are induced by macrophages infected with Histoplasma capsulatum, we examined the whole genome expression profile of murine bone marrow derived macrophages infected with conidia, the natural infectious particle of Histoplasma. Conidia induced the expression of signature Type I interferon response genes. The induction of a Type I interferon response was specific to conidia, yeast cells did not trigger the response. Macrophages that lack the Type I interferon receptor, IFNAR1, were infected and compared to wild-type macrophages. The expression of some Type I IFN response genes are dependent upon Keywords: Murine bone marrow derived macrophage transcriptional response to infection with Histoplasma capsulatum conidia

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE20022 | GEO | 2010/03/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA124101

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungal pathogen that infects both healthy and immunocompromised hosts. In endemic regions, H. capsulatum grows in the soil and causes respiratory and systemic disease when inhaled by humans. An interesting aspect of H. capsulatum biology is that it adopts specialized developmental programs in response to its environment. In the soil, it grows as filamentous chains of cells (mycelia) that produce asexual spores (conidia). When the soil is disrupted, conidia aerosolize and are inhaled by mammalian hosts. Inside a host, conidia germinate into yeast-form cells that colonize immune cells and cause disease. Despite the ability of conidia to initiate infection and disease, they have not been explored on a molecular level. Here we develop methods to purify H. capsulatum conidia and show that these cells germinate into either filaments at room temperature or into yeast-form cells at 37C. Conidia internalized by macrophages germinate into the yeast form and proliferate within the macrophages, ultimately lysing the host cells. Similarly, infection of mice with purified conidia is sufficient to establish infection and yield viable yeast-form cells in vivo. To characterize conidia on a molecular level, we perform whole-genome expression profiling of conidia, yeast, and mycelia from two highly diverged H. capsulatum strains. In parallel, we use homology and protein domain analysis to manually annotate the predicted genes of both strains. Analyses of the resultant data define sets of transcripts that reflect the unique molecular states of H. capsulatum conidia, yeast and mycelia. This series gives the results for the G217B strain. Samples were labeled with Cy5 or with Cy3 and competitively hybridized to custom glass slide 70-mer oligomer microarrays in a closed-circuit experimental design (e.g. direct, pairwise comparisons of yeast and mycelial samples, mycelial and conidial samples, and yeast and conidial samples). Dye-swap hybridizations were performed for these pairwise comparisons, and hybridizations to an additional conidial biological replicate were performed for the conidia/yeast and conidia/mycelia comparisons, for a total of 8 hybridizations.

Project description:Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungal pathogen that infects both healthy and immunocompromised hosts. In endemic regions, H. capsulatum grows in the soil and causes respiratory and systemic disease when inhaled by humans. An interesting aspect of H. capsulatum biology is that it adopts specialized developmental programs in response to its environment. In the soil, it grows as filamentous chains of cells (mycelia) that produce asexual spores (conidia). When the soil is disrupted, conidia aerosolize and are inhaled by mammalian hosts. Inside a host, conidia germinate into yeast-form cells that colonize immune cells and cause disease. Despite the ability of conidia to initiate infection and disease, they have not been explored on a molecular level. Here we develop methods to purify H. capsulatum conidia and show that these cells germinate into either filaments at room temperature or into yeast-form cells at 37C. Conidia internalized by macrophages germinate into the yeast form and proliferate within the macrophages, ultimately lysing the host cells. Similarly, infection of mice with purified conidia is sufficient to establish infection and yield viable yeast-form cells in vivo. To characterize conidia on a molecular level, we perform whole-genome expression profiling of conidia, yeast, and mycelia from two highly diverged H. capsulatum strains. In parallel, we use homology and protein domain analysis to manually annotate the predicted genes of both strains. Analyses of the resultant data define sets of transcripts that reflect the unique molecular states of H. capsulatum conidia, yeast and mycelia. This series gives the results for the G186AR strain. Samples were labeled with Cy5 or with Cy3 and competitively hybridized to custom glass slide 70-mer oligomer microarrays in a closed-circuit experimental design (e.g. direct, pairwise comparisons of yeast and mycelial samples, mycelial and conidial samples, and yeast and conidial samples). Dye-swap hybridizations were performed for these pairwise comparisons, as well as an additional technical replicate hybridization for the conidia/yeast comparison, for a total of 7 hybridizations.

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Conidia but not yeast cells of the fungal pathogen Histoplasma capsulatum trigger a type I interferon innate immune response in murine macrophages

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