Evaluation of the inflammatory and osteogenic response induced by metal particles released during implantoplasty of dental implants
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE202419 | GEO | 2022/05/11
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In this study, we identify histone demethylase KDM6B as a critical regulator of osteogenic differentiation in mechanically stimulated periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Prior sequencing initiatives and research have underscored KDM6B's mechanosensitivity and illuminated how advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) inhibit KDM6B, thereby impairing stem cell differentiation capabilities. Significant H3K27Me3 enrichment was observed at the transcriptional regions of osteogenic markers (ALP, RUNX2, BMP2, COL1A1) in pluripotent stem cells, with KDM6B essential for the demethylation of H3K27Me3. Moreover, KDM6B was found to activate several critical genes within both the canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways, enhancing TCF and NFATC family gene expression and facilitating antioxidative responses, matrix adhesion, and intercellular interactions in PDLSCs. Collectively, our data establish a molecular framework that illustrates the cooperative role of lineage-specific histone modifiers in osteogenic differentiation, highlights KDM6B's function in eradicating repressive histone marks, and delineates a reciprocal enhancement loop involving KDM6B and the Wnt signaling pathways.
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Project description:Evaluation of the inflammatory and osteogenic response induced by metal particles released during implantoplasty of dental implants
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Project description:Objective: Craniofacial bone defects caused by injuries and congenital diseases are a formidable challenge to clinicians. Research has shown promise in using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) from limb bones for craniofacial bone regeneration; yet little is known about the potential of BM-MSCs from craniofacial bones. This study compared BM-MSCs isolated from limb and craniofacial bones in pigs, a preclinical model closely resembling humans. Design: Bone marrow was aspirated from the tibia and mandible of four-month-old pigs (n=4), followed by BM-MSC isolation, culture-expansion and confirmation by flow cytometry. Proliferation rates were compared using population doubling times. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by quantifying alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Total mRNA was extracted from freshly isolated BM-MSCs and analyzed to compare gene expressions of tibial and mandibular BM-MSCs using an Affymetrix GeneChip porcine genome array, followed by real-time RT-PCR evaluation of two neural crest markers. Results: BM-MSCs from both locations expressed MSC markers without expression of hematopoietic markers. Mandibular BM-MSCs proliferated significantly faster than tibial BM-MSCs. Without osteogenic inducers, mandibular BM-MSC alkaline phosphatase activities were 3.3-fold greater than those of tibial origin. Microarray analysis identified 383 differentially expressed genes in mandibular and tibial BM-MSCs, including higher expression of cranial neural crest-related genes nestin and BMP-4 in mandibular BM-MSCs, a trend also confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. Among differently expressed genes, only 47 showed greater than 1.5-fold differences in expression. Conclusions: These data indicate that despite many similarities in gene expression, mandibular BM-MSCs express of number of genes differently than tibial BM-MSCs and have a phenotypic profile that may make them advantageous for craniofacial bone regeneration. Bone marrow was aspirated from the mandibular symphyseal region and the tibia of 3 pigs. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the bone marrow and cultured to 80% confluence. Cells were harvested for total RNA extraction and the RNA was analyzed by Affymetrix GeneChip porcine genome array.
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Project description:Many physiological functions regulated by osteocalcin are affected in adult offspring of mothers experiencing an unhealthy pregnancy. Furthermore, osteocalcin signaling during gestation influences cognition and adrenal steroidogenesis in adult mice. Together these observations suggest that osteocalcin functions during pregnancy may be a broader determinant of organismal homeostasis in adult mammals than previously thought. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed in unchallenged wildtype and Osteocalcin-deficient, newborn, and adult mice of various genotypes and origin, and that were maintained on different genetic backgrounds, the functions of osteocalcin in the pancreas, liver and testes and their molecular underpinnings. This analysis revealed that providing mothers are themselves Osteocalcin-deficient, Osteocalcin haploinsufficiency in embryos hampers insulin secretion, liver gluconeogenesis, glucose homeostasis, testes steroidogenesis in adult offspring; inhibits cell proliferation in developing pancreatic islets and testes; and disrupts distinct programs of gene expression in these organs and in the brain. This study indicates that provided mothers lack an allele, osteocalcin exerts dominant functions. Furthermore, through their synergistic regulation of multiple physiological functions, osteocalcin of maternal and embryonic origins contributes to the establishment and maintenance of organismal homeostasis in newborn and adult offspring.
2023-11-24 | GSE248211 | GEO
Project description:Analysis of GPM6B silenced osteogenic hMSC at gene expression level. Analysis is showing significant changes in genes involved in cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis. Immunocytochemistry confirms changed distribution of actin filaments and change in shape and in size of focal adhesions upon GPM6B silencing. Moreover, we demonstrated that production and release of ALP-positive matrix vesicles (MVs) was reduced. In conclusion, we identified GPM6B as a novel regulator of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation and thereby demonstrating the significance of cytoskeleton organization for MV production and eventual mineralization. Total RNA obtained from osteogenic hMSC, 7days after shRNAi lenti viral transductions with 3 different GPM6B silencing constructs (sh1, sh2, sh3) compared to 3 different controls (shC:non-silencing shRNA, tGFP: tGFP control vector and Mock: mock transduced cells)
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Project description:Objective: To investigate the effects of stretch-induced periodontal ligament cell (PDLC) exosomes on osteoblast differentiation, and to explore their regulatory role in mechanical force-related periodontal tissue remodeling.Design: After applying 20% stretch loading to human periodontal ligament cells, exosomes were extracted from the supernatant and co-cultured with osteoblasts to detect their effects on osteogenic differentiation. Meanwhile, the exosomes were sequenced by high-throughput microRNA sequencing for bioinformatic analysis and validation to explore exosome signaling pathways through miRNAs.Results: Stretch-induced PDLC exosomes could be taken up by osteoblasts and promoted osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts, as demonstrated by the increased expression levels of osteogenesis-related factors and enhanced ALP staining. In the miRNA profile of differentially expressed PDLC exosomes under stretch loading, miRNA-181d-5p was up-regulated significantly. The expression levels of osteogenesis-related factors and ALP staining were also increased in osteoblasts transfected with miR-181d-5p, and this effect might be related to the inhibitory role of exosomal miR-181d-5p on tumor necrosis factor (TNF).Conclusions: Stretch-induced PDLC exosomes exhibited a promoting effect on osteogenic differentiation, which might result from the inhibition of TNF via exosomal miR-181d-5p.
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