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Transcriptomic analysis reveals the multifaceted impairments of DC functions produced by a Morbillivirus infection

ABSTRACT: Viruses have evolved numerous strategies to impair immunity so that they can replicate more efficiently, such as the immunosuppressive effects of Morbillivirus infection. In the present work we hypothesized that the highly contagious morbillivirus Peste des Petits Ruminants virus (PPRV) could target monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) to contribute to the immunosuppressive effects produced by the infection. Monocytes isolated from healthy sheep donor, a natural host of the disease, could be infected by PPRV and this impaired the differentiation and phagocytic ability of immature monocyte-derived DC (MoDC). Ovine MoDC could be productively infected by PPRV, and this drastically reduced MoDC capacity to activate allogeneic T cell responses. Transcriptomic analysis of infected MoDC indicated that several tolerogenic DC signature genes were upregulated upon PPRV infection.

ORGANISM(S): Ovis aries

PROVIDER: GSE203515 | GEO | 2022/09/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) infection causes highly contagious and severe disease in domestic and wild ruminants. It is widely reported that PRRV infection causes considerable innate immunosuppression in its host and promotes viral replication. However, how does the host rescue the innate immune response to counteract this immunosuppression during viral replication is poorly understood. The goat fetal fibroblasts (GFFs) have been commonly used as host-original cells to investigate the pathogenesis of PPRV. To explore the mechanisms of how host counteracts PPRV-mediated innate immunosuppression, a high-throughput quantitation proteomic approach (iTRAQ in conjunction with LC-MS/MS) was used to investigate the proteome landscape of GFFs in response to PPRV infection. Eventually, the proteomic analysis gained 497 up-regulated proteins and 358 down-regulated proteins (PPRV-infected cells versus mock-infected cells). The complement and coagulation cascades, protein digestion and absorption, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways were significantly regulated in response to PPRV infection. ErmineJ analysis of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) identified the significantly enriched GO categories for response to interferon-gamma and positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. In addition, many immune related proteins, such as interferon gamma, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase-like protein, toll-like receptor 9, toll-like receptor 6, NOD1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, and Wnt-5a were significantly upregulated. This suggested that the innate immune response was triggered during PPRV infection in GFFs. We subsequently identified that the E3 ubiquitin ligase FANCL was critically involved in regulation of the innate immune response during PPRV infection. FANCL inhibited PPRV infection by enhancing type I interferon (IFN) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression. Further study indicated that FANCL induced type I IFN production by promoting TBK1 phosphorylation, and therefore impairing PPRV-mediated immunosuppression and revealing an antiviral function against PPRV.

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Transcriptomic analysis reveals the multifaceted impairments of DC functions produced by a Morbillivirus infection

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