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MiR-155 plays selective cell-intrinsic roles in brain infiltrating immune cell populations during neuroinflammation

ABSTRACT: The pro-inflammatory microRNA-155 (miR-155) is highly expressed in the serum and CNS lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The whole-body deletion of miR-155 in mice confers resistance to a mouse model of MS, EAE, by reducing the encephalogenic potential of CNS-infiltrating Th17 T cells. However, cell intrinsic roles for miR-155 during EAE have not been formally determined. Here we utilize single-cell RNA sequencing and cell-specific conditional miR-155 knockouts to determine the importance of miR-155 expression in distinct immune cell populations. Time course single-cell sequencing revealed reductions in T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells in whole-body miR-155 knockout mice compared with wild-type controls at day 21. Deletion of miR-155 in T cells, driven by CD4 cre, reduced disease severity similar to whole-body miR-155 knockouts. CD11c cre-driven deletion of miR-155 in dendritic cells also significantly reduced EAE disease score, with both T cell and dendritic cell-specific knockouts showing a reduction in Th17 T cell infiltration into the CNS. Although miR-155 is highly expressed in infiltrating macrophages during EAE, deletion of miR-155 using LysM cre did not affect disease severity. Taken together, these data show that while miR-155 is highly expressed in most infiltrating immune cells, miR-155 has distinct roles and requirements depending on the cell type. This provides insights into which functionally relevant cell types should be targeted by the next generation of miRNA therapeutics.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE206056 | GEO | 2023/06/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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