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CBP and Gcn5 drive zygotic genome activation in the Drosophila embryo

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE207019 | GEO | 2023/04/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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CBP and Gcn5 drive zygotic genome activation in the Drosophila embryo [CUT&Tag]

Project description:Mapping H3K9ac, H3K18ac and H3K27ac during Drosophila zygotic genome activation Mapping Gcn5 and Nejire in catalytic wild-type or catalytic dead rescue of Gcn5KD and NejireKD during Drosophila zygotic genome activation

2023-04-26 | GSE207016 | GEO

CBP and Gcn5 drive zygotic genome activation in the Drosophila embryo

Project description:CBP and Gcn5 drive zygotic genome activation in the Drosophila embryo

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CBP and Gcn5 drive zygotic genome activation in the Drosophila embryo [CUT&Tag]

Project description:CBP and Gcn5 drive zygotic genome activation in the Drosophila embryo [CUT&Tag]

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Unmasking activation of the zygotic genome using chromosomal deletions in the Drosophila embryo.

Project description:During the maternal-to-zygotic transition, a developing embryo integrates post-transcriptional regulation of maternal mRNAs with transcriptional activation of its own genome. By combining chromosomal ablation in Drosophila with microarray analysis, we characterized the basis of this integration. We show that the expression profile for at least one third of zygotically active genes is coupled to the concomitant degradation of the corresponding maternal mRNAs. The embryo uses transcription and degradation to generate localized patterns of expression, and zygotic transcription to degrade distinct classes of maternal transcripts. Although degradation does not appear to involve a simple regulatory code, the activation of the zygotic genome starts from intronless genes sharing a common cis-element. This cis-element interacts with a single protein, the Bicoid stability factor, and acts as a potent enhancer capable of timing the activity of an exogenous transactivator. We propose that this regulatory mode links morphogen gradients with temporal regulation during the maternal-to-zygotic transition.

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GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2021-03-03 | GSE152773 | GEO

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo.

Project description:Following fertilization, the genomes of the germ cells are reprogrammed to form the totipotent embryo. Pioneer transcription factors are essential for remodeling the chromatin and driving the initial wave of zygotic gene expression. In Drosophila melanogaster, the pioneer factor Zelda is essential for development through this dramatic period of reprogramming, known as the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). However, it was unknown whether additional pioneer factors were required for this transition. We identified an additional maternally encoded factor required for development through the MZT, GAGA Factor (GAF). GAF is necessary to activate widespread zygotic transcription and to remodel the chromatin accessibility landscape. We demonstrated that Zelda preferentially controls expression of the earliest transcribed genes, while genes expressed during widespread activation are predominantly dependent on GAF. Thus, progression through the MZT requires coordination of multiple pioneer-like factors, and we propose that as development proceeds control is gradually transferred from Zelda to GAF.

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Spatiotemporal Patterning of Zygotic Genome Activation in a Model Vertebrate Embryo.

Project description:A defining feature of early embryogenesis is the transition from maternal to zygotic control. This transition requires embryo-wide zygotic genome activation (ZGA), but the extent of spatiotemporal coordination of ZGA between individual cells is unknown. Multiple interrelated parameters, including elapsed time, completed cycles of cell division, and cell size may impact ZGA onset; however, the principal determinant of ZGA during vertebrate embryogenesis is debated. Here, we perform single-cell imaging of large-scale ZGA in whole-mount Xenopus embryos. We find a striking new spatiotemporal pattern of ZGA whose onset tightly correlates with cell size but not with elapsed time or number of cell divisions. Further, reducing cell size induces premature ZGA, dose dependently. We conclude that large-scale ZGA is not spatially uniform and that its onset is determined at the single-cell level, primarily by cell size. Our study suggests that spatial patterns of ZGA onset may be a common feature of embryonic systems.

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STAT is an essential activator of the zygotic genome in the early Drosophila embryo.

Project description:In many organisms, transcription of the zygotic genome begins during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), which is characterized by a dramatic increase in global transcriptional activities and coincides with embryonic stem cell differentiation. In Drosophila, it has been shown that maternal morphogen gradients and ubiquitously distributed general transcription factors may cooperate to upregulate zygotic genes that are essential for pattern formation in the early embryo. Here, we show that Drosophila STAT (STAT92E) functions as a general transcription factor that, together with the transcription factor Zelda, induces transcription of a large number of early-transcribed zygotic genes during the MZT. STAT92E is present in the early embryo as a maternal product and is active around the MZT. DNA-binding motifs for STAT and Zelda are highly enriched in promoters of early zygotic genes but not in housekeeping genes. Loss of Stat92E in the early embryo, similarly to loss of zelda, preferentially down-regulates early zygotic genes important for pattern formation. We further show that STAT92E and Zelda synergistically regulate transcription. We conclude that STAT92E, in conjunction with Zelda, plays an important role in transcription of the zygotic genome at the onset of embryonic development.

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CBP/p300 and HDAC activities regulate H3K27 acetylation dynamics and zygotic genome activation in mouse preimplantation embryos

Project description:Epigenome reprogramming after fertilization enables transcriptionally quiescent maternal and paternal chromatin to acquire a permissive state for subsequent zygotic genome activation (ZGA). H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is a well-established chromatin marker of active enhancers and promoters. However, reprogramming dynamics of H3K27ac during maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) in mammalian embryos are not well-studied. By profiling the allelic landscape of H3K27ac during mouse MZT, we show that H3K27ac undergoes three waves of rapid global transitions between oocyte stage and 2-cell stage. Notably, germinal-vesicle oocyte and zygote chromatin is globally hyperacetylated, with noncanonical, broad H3K27ac domains that correlate with broad H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and open chromatin. H3K27ac marks genomic regions primed for activation including ZGA genes, retrotransposons, and active alleles of imprinted genes. We show that CBP/p300 and HDAC activities play important roles in regulating H3K27ac dynamics, and are essential for preimplantation development. Specifically, CBP/p300 acetyltransferase broadly deposits H3K27ac in zygotes to induce opening of condensed chromatin at putative enhancers and ensure proper ZGA. On the other hand, HDACs revert broad H3K27ac domains to canonical domains, and safeguard ZGA by preventing premature expression of developmental genes. In conclusion, coordinated activities of CBP/p300 and HDACs during mouse MZT are essential for ZGA and preimplantation development.

| S-SCDT-EMBOJ-2022-112012 | biostudies-other

CLAMP and Zelda function together as pioneer transcription factors to promote Drosophila zygotic genome activation

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2021-08-05 | GSE152613 | GEO