STIL/AURKA axis promotes cell proliferation by influencing primary cilia formation in bladder cancer
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE211563 | GEO | 2023/03/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:STIL/AURKA axis promotes cell proliferation by influencing primary cilia formation in bladder cancer
| PRJNA870915 | ENA
Project description:BackgroundThe primary cilia (PC) is a microtubule-based and nonmotile organelle which protrudes from the surface of almost all mammalian cells. At present, PC has been found to be a deficiency or loss in multiple cancers. Restoring PC could be a novel targeting therapy strategy. Our research showed that PC was reduced in human bladder cancer (BLCA) cells, and PC deficiency promotes cell proliferation. However, the concrete mechanisms remain unknown. SCL/TAL1 interrupting locus (STIL), a PC-related protein, was screened in our previous study and could influence the cell cycle by regulating PC in tumor cells. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the function of STIL for PC to explore the underlying mechanism of PC in BLCA.MethodsPublic database analysis, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to screen genes and explore gene expression alteration. Immunofluorescence and western blot were utilized to investigate PC. Wound healing assay, clone formation assay, and CCK-8 assay were used to explore cell migration, growth, and proliferation. The co-immunoprecipitation and western blot were employed to reveal the interaction of STIL and AURKA.ResultsWe found that high STIL expression is correlated with poor outcomes of BLCA patients. Further analysis revealed that STIL overexpression could inhibit PC formation, activate SHH signaling pathways, and promote cell proliferation. In contrast, STIL-knockdown could promote PC formation, inactivate SHH signaling, and inhibit cell proliferation. Furthermore, we found that the regulatory functions of STIL for PC depend on AURKA. STIL could influence proteasome activity and maintain AURKA stabilization. AURKA-knockdown could reverse PC deficiency caused by STIL overexpression for PC in BLCA cells. We observed that co-knockdown in STIL and AURKA significantly enhanced PC assembly.ConclusionIn summary, our result provides a potential therapy target for BLCA based on the restoration of PC.
| S-EPMC10131372 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq of LX2 cells treated with siRNA of AURKA or siNC.
2024-12-06 | GSE220192 | GEO
Project description:Primary cilia (PC) are important signaling hubs in cells and we explored their role in colorectal cancer (CRC) and colitis. In the colon we found PC to be mostly present on different subtypes of fibroblasts and exposure of mice to either chemically induced colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis (CAC) or dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis decreased PC numbers. We employed conditional knock-out strains for the PC essential genes, Kif3A and Ift88, to generate mice with reduced numbers of PC on colonic fibroblasts. These mice showed an increased susceptibility in the CAC model as well as in DSS-induced colitis. Secretome and immunohistochemical analyses of DSS-treated mice displayed an elevated production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in PC-deficient colons. An inflammatory environment diminished PC presence in primary fibroblast cultures. This was triggered by IL-6 as identified by RNAseq analysis together with blocking experiments, suggesting an activation loop between IL-6 production and PC loss. Notably, an analysis of PC presence on biopsies of patients with ulcerative colitis as well as CRC patients revealed decreased numbers of PC on colonic fibroblasts in pathological versus surrounding normal tissue. Taken together, we provide evidence that a decrease in colonic PC numbers promotes colitis and CRC.
2022-11-29 | PXD033440 | Pride
Project description:Primary cilia (PC) are important signaling hubs and their deregulation is associated with various diseases. The 2P-CF cultures plus starvation mimic the in vivo proportion of PC on colonic fibroblasts (CF) in an intact colon and thus allow to explore the biology of PC. We generated conditioned starvation medium from colons of DSS treated (termed inflammatory conditioned medium, i.e. inf-CM) and untreated control animals (termed co-CM) and cultured 2P-CF in those media for 24 hours. 30-40% of 2P-CF starved in control medium displayed PC, whereas PC number on 2P-CF starved in inf-CM was consistently lower. We performed RNAseq analysis of 2P-CF starved in inf-CM or in co-CM to gain insight in the molecular traits of those cell cultures.
2022-10-01 | GSE207877 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: To investigate the tumor-promoting role of STIL in bladder cancer. Method: We established the STIL knockout cell line in which the target gene was knocked out by sgRNA. RNA was extracted from cells using trizol reagent(Invitrogen) Result: Through RNA-sequencing analysis of wild-type and STIL-deficient UMUC3 cell lines, the downstream signaling pathways that STIL may be involved in were determined. We found that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and c-myc were significantly inactivated when STIL was knocked out in bladder cancer. Our RNA-sequencing analysis results showed that the downstream molecules of c-myc (MCM4, HSPD1, EIF2S2, DDX21, DDX18, CBX3, ABCE1) were significantly down-regulated in bladder cancer cells after knockout. Conclusion: STIL enhances the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which consequently upgraded the expression of c-myc, ultimately promoting the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer C. STIL may suggest potential utility for bladder cancer therapy.
2023-08-01 | GSE211756 | GEO
Project description:Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a progressive neurodegenerative disorder arises from multiple genetic and environmental factors. However, underlying pathological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using multiplexed single-cell transcriptomics, we analyze human neural precursor cells (hNPCs) from sporadic PD (sPD) patients. Alterations in gene expression appear in pathways related to primary cilia (PC). Accordingly, in these hiPSC-derived hNPCs and neurons, we observe a shortening of PC. Additionally, we detect a shortening of PC in PINK1-deficient human cellular and mouse models of familial PD. Furthermore, in sPD models, the shortening of PC is accompanied by an increased SHH signal transduction. Inhibition of this pathway rescues the alterations in PC morphology and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, increased SHH activity due to ciliary dysfunction is needed for the development of pathoetiological phenotypes observed in sPD, like mitochondrial dysfunction. In sum, altered PC function is part of early PD pathoetiology and inhibiting the overactive SHH signaling is a potential neuroprotective therapy.
2022-06-23 | GSE176160 | GEO
Project description:Loss of primary cilia in cells deficient for the tumor suppressor von Hippel Lindau (VHL) arise from elevated Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) levels. VHL in its role as an E3 ubiquitin ligase targets AURKA for degradation and in the absence of VHL, high levels of AURKA result in destabilization of the primary cilium. We identified NVP-BEZ235, a dual PI3K/AKT and mTOR inhibitor, in an image-based high throughput screen, as a small molecule that restored primary cilia in VHL-deficient cells. We identified the ability of AKT to modulate AURKA expression at the transcript and protein level. Independent modulation of AKT and mTOR signaling decreased AURKA expression in cells confirming AURKA as a new signaling node downstream of the PI3K cascade. Corroborating these data, a genetic knockdown of AKT in cells deficient for VHL rescued the ability of these cells to ciliate. Finally, inhibition of AKT/mTOR using NVP-BEZ235 was efficacious in reducing tumor burden in a 786-0 xenograft model of renal cell carcinoma. These data highlight a previously unappreciated signaling node downstream of the AKT/mTOR pathway via AURKA that can be targeted in VHL-null cells to restore ciliogenesis.
| S-EPMC8128866 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A central hallmark of brain aging is the alteration of neuronal functions in the hippocampus, leading to a progressive decline in learning and memory. Multiple reports have shown the importance of blood-borne factors in inter-tissue communication for the maintenance of cognitive fitness and proper regulation of neuronal homeostasis throughout life. Among these blood-borne factors, we identified Osteocalcin (OCN), a bone-derived hormone. OCN induces autophagy machinery in hippocampal neurons which is essential for activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, the way in which blood-borne factors like OCN communicate with neurons, including their regulatory mechanisms, remains largely elusive. Here, we show the importance of a core primary cilium (PC)-proteins/autophagy machinery axis in hippocampal neurons that mediate the effects of the pro-youthful blood factor OCN on neuronal homeostasis and cognitive fitness. We found that OCN’s receptor, GPR158, is present at the PC of hippocampal neurons and mediates the regulation of autophagy machinery by OCN. During aging, PC-core proteins are reduced in hippocampal neurons and associated with neuronal PC morphological abnormalities. Restoring their levels is sufficient to improve neuronal autophagy and cognitive impairments in aged mice. Mechanistically, we found that OCN promotes neuronal autophagy in the hippocampus by the induction of PC-dependent cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. Altogether, this study proposes a novel paradigm for blood factor-neuron communication dependent on a neuronal PC/autophagy axis by identifying a novel regulatory pathway fostering cognitive fitness and providing the foundation for autophagy-based therapeutic strategies to treat age-related cognitive dysfunction.
2024-11-07 | PXD056975 | Pride
Project description:Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) played a key role in regulating gene expression and tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, the biological function of ACAT1 in bladder cancer (BLCA) has yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to elucidate the bioinformatics features and biological functions of ACAT1 in BLCA. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that ACAT1 is elevated in BLCA tissues, correlating with specific clinicopathological features and an unfavorable prognosis for survival in BLCA patients. ACAT1 emerged as an independent risk factor in BLCA. Phenotypically, ACAT1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of BLCA cells both in vivo and in vitro, whereas ACAT1 overexpression yielded the opposite phenotype. Mechanistically, ACAT1 enhances BLCA cells proliferation by activating cell cycle through AKT/GSK3β/c-Myc signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study identifies ACAT1 as an oncogene in BLCA, demonstrating its capability to promote proliferation and metastasis of BLCA. This suggests that ACAT1 may serve as a potential molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of BLCA.
2024-06-12 | GSE248825 | GEO