Single-cell RNA based phenotyping reveals a pivotal role of thyroid hormone receptor alpha for hypothalamic development
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE212068 | GEO | 2023/01/12
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Single-cell RNA based phenotyping reveals a pivotal role of thyroid hormone receptor alpha for hypothalamic development
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Project description:The hypothalamus is a central regulator of many behaviors essential for survival such as temperature regulation, food intake and circadian rhythms. However, the molecular pathways that mediate hypothalamic development are largely unknown. To identify genes expressed in developing mouse hypothalamus, microarray analysis at 12 different developmental time points was performed. Developmental in situ hybridization was conducted for 1,045 genes dynamically expressed by microarray analysis. In this way, we identified markers that stably labeled each major hypothalamic nucleus over the entire course of neurogenesis, and thus constructed a detailed molecular atlas of the developing hypothalamus. As proof of concept for the utility of this data, we used these markers to analyze the phenotype of mice where Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) was selectively deleted from hypothalamic neuroepithelium, demonstrating an essential role for Shh in anterior hypothalamic patterning. Our results serve as a resource for functional investigations of hypothalamic development, connectivity, physiology, and dysfunction.
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2020-08-09 | GSE132355 | GEO
Project description:The relationship between loss of hypothalamic function and onset of diabetes mellitus remains elusive. Therefore, we generated a targeted oxidative-stress murine model utilizing conditional knockout of selenocysteine-tRNA (Trsp) using rat insulin promoter-driven-Cre (RIP-Cre). These Trsp-knockout (TrspRIPKO) mice exhibit deletion of Trsp in both hypothalamic cells and pancreatic β-cells leading to increased hypothalamic oxidative stress and severe insulin resistance. Leptin signals were suppressed and numbers of proopiomelanocortin-positive neurons in the hypothalamus were decreased. In contrast, a Trsp-knockout mouse (TrspIns1KO) expressing Cre specifically in pancreatic β-cells, but not in the hypothalamus, did not display insulin and leptin resistance, demonstrating a critical role of the hypothalamus in the onset of diabetes mellitus. Nrf2 (NF-E2-related-factor-2) regulates antioxidant gene expression. Gene-driven increase in Nrf2 signaling suppressed hypothalamic oxidative stress and improved insulin and leptin resistance in TrspRIPKO mice. Thus, Nrf2 harbors the potential to prevent the onset of diabetic mellitus by reducing hypothalamic oxidative damage.
2017-02-06 | GSE92235 | GEO
Project description:The relationship between loss of hypothalamic function and onset of diabetes mellitus remains elusive. Therefore, we generated a targeted oxidative-stress murine model utilizing conditional knockout of selenocysteine-tRNA (Trsp) using rat insulin promoter-driven-Cre (RIP-Cre). These Trsp-knockout (TrspRIPKO) mice exhibit deletion of Trsp in both hypothalamic cells and pancreatic β-cells leading to increased hypothalamic oxidative stress and severe insulin resistance. Leptin signals were suppressed and numbers of proopiomelanocortin-positive neurons in the hypothalamus were decreased. In contrast, a Trsp-knockout mouse (TrspIns1KO) expressing Cre specifically in pancreatic β-cells, but not in the hypothalamus, did not display insulin and leptin resistance, demonstrating a critical role of the hypothalamus in the onset of diabetes mellitus. Nrf2 (NF-E2-related-factor-2) regulates antioxidant gene expression. Gene-driven increase in Nrf2 signaling suppressed hypothalamic oxidative stress and improved insulin and leptin resistance in TrspRIPKO mice. Thus, Nrf2 harbors the potential to prevent the onset of diabetic mellitus by reducing hypothalamic oxidative damage.
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