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ESRP2-miR122 axis regulates postnatal onset of polyploidization

ABSTRACT: Postnatal period of development is critical for mammalian tissues and is coordinated through precise activation of genetic programs that govern differentiation, growth and maturation. Here, we describe a cell type- and developmental stage-specific program of alternative splicing that drives sequential replacement of fetal-to-adult protein isoforms in the mouse liver. Using deep transcriptome analysis of loss- & gain-of-function models we identified Epithelial Splicing regulatory protein 2 (ESRP2) as the major regulator for these developmental splicing decisions. Targeted deletion of ESRP2 in mice resulted in the failure of fetal-to-adult switch in splicing for hundreds of RNA transcripts that encode proteins involved in functional competence of hepatocytes. To delineate its role in activation of adult splicing program, we generated transgenic mice with tetracycline-inducible and hepatocyte-specific expression of ESRP2. Remarkably, premature expression of ESRP2 in the livers of newborn pups forced an earlier-than-normal onset of adult splicing program. To determine the in vivo ESRP2 RNA binding landscape within hepatocytes, we used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to FLAG-tag the endogenous locus of ESRP2 in mice and performed FLAG-eCLIP to identify genomewide binding sites. We identified ESRP2 as a regulator of miR-122 levels in hepatocytes, wherein this axis balances the polyploidization and proliferation states in postnatal hepatocytes.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE217391 | GEO | 2024/11/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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ESRP2 Regulates A Conserved And Cell-Type-Specific Splicing Program to Support Postnatal Liver Maturation

Project description:Alternative splicing greatly expands the proteomic diversity but its functional impact is often unclear. Here, we identify a highly conserved and temporally coordinated cell-type-specific splicing program, which is activated in part by ESRP2 during postnatal liver development. Consistent with failure of many neonatal-to-adult splicing transitions, Esrp2 null mice exhibit persistent expression of fetal markers and loss of mature hepatocyte characteristics. Conversely, ectopic expression of ESRP2 in immature mouse or human hepatocytes results in a reciprocal switch in splicing. Our findings define an essential role for ESRP2 in generation of conserved repertoires of adult splice isoforms that facilitate postnatal liver maturation. Mouse liver RNA was isolated with Trizol (Invitrogen). Hi-Seq libraries were prepared and paired-end 100bp Illumina sequencing was performed on mouse liver samples from different developmental stages.

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ESRP2-miR122 axis regulates postnatal onset of polyploidization

Project description:ESRP2-miR122 axis regulates postnatal onset of polyploidization

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Project description:Wilms tumor (WT), a childhood kidney cancer with embryonal origins, has been extensively characterised for genetic and epigenetic alterations, but a proportion of WTs still lack identifiable abnormalities. To uncover DNA methylation changes critical for WT pathogenesis, we compared the epigenome of fetal kidney with two WT cell lines, using methyl-CpG immunoprecipitation. We filtered our results to remove common cancer-associated epigenetic changes, and to enrich for genes involved in early kidney development. This identified four candidate genes that were hypermethylated in WT cell lines compared to fetal kidney, of which ESRP2 (epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2), was the most promising gene for further study. ESRP2 was commonly repressed by DNA methylation early in WT development (in nephrogenic rests) and could be reactivated by DNA methyltransferase inhibition in WT cell lines. When ESRP2 was expressed in WT cell lines, it acted as an inhibitor of cellular proliferation in vitro and in vivo it suppressed tumor growth of orthotopic xenografts in nude mice. RNA-seq of the ESRP2-expressing WT cell lines identified several novel splicing targets, in addition to well-characterised targets of ESRP2. One of these targets, LEF1, is a component of the Wnt signalling pathway that is essential for kidney development and commonly disrupted in WT. We propose a model in which the Wnt pathway can be disrupted in early kidney development to generate WT, either by genetic abnormalities such as WT1 mutations, or by epigenetic defects, such as ESRP2 methylation.

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The epithelial splicing factors ESRP1 and ESRP2 positively and negatively regulate alternative splicing events

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