The establishment of the anther somatic niche with single cell sequencing
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Zea mays
PROVIDER: GSE219091 | GEO | 2023/01/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In flowering plants, anther dehiscence and pollen release are essential for sexual reproduction. Anthers dehisce after cell wall degradation weakens stomium cell junctions in each anther locule, and desiccation creates mechanical forces that open the locules. Either effect or both together may break stomium cell junctions. The microRNA miR167 negatively regulates ARF6 and ARF8, which encode Auxin Response transcription Factors. Arabidopsis mARF6 or mARF8 plants with mutated miR167 target sites have defective anther dehiscence and ovule development. Null mir167a mutations recapitulated mARF6 and mARF8 anther and ovule phenotypes, indicating that MIR167a is the main miR167 precursor gene that delimits ARF6 and ARF8 expression in these organs. Anthers of mir167a or mARF6/8 plants overexpressed genes encoding cell wall loosening functions associated with cell expansion, and grew too large starting at flower stage 11. Experimental desiccation enabled dehiscence of miR167-deficient anthers, indicating competence to dehisce. Conversely, high humidity conditions delayed anther dehiscence in wild-type flowers. These results support a model in which miR167-mediated anther growth arrest permits anther dehiscence. Without miR167 regulation, excess anther growth delays dehiscence by prolonging desiccation.
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Project description:A series of microarray experiments by using RNA sources from UDT1-1 mutant type- and wild type-anthers at stages from meiosis to young microspore. In conjuction, microarray experiments by using RNA sources from wild type_Palea/lemmas in the flowering stage and wild type anther at pollen mitosis were performed in a time course design and compared to the microarrays of UDT1-1 mutant type- and wild type-anthers. Keywords: time-course
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Project description:Proteome was performed using protein extracted from 0.5mm anthers.
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Project description:We performed microarray experiments with RNAs from dissected immature anthers (stages 4-7) from wild-type, dyt1 and ams mutant plants, using the Affymetrix ATH1 chip. Experiment Overall Design: Anthers from Arabidopsis thaliana were selected at 4-7 stages of early development for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. Samples from two mutants and wild-type anther.
2009-09-25 | E-GEOD-18225 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A series of microarray experiments by using RNA sources from UDT1-1 mutant type- and wild type-anthers at stages from meiosis to young microspore. In conjuction, microarray experiments by using RNA sources from wild type_Palea/lemmas in the flowering stage and wild type anther at pollen mitosis were performed in a time course design and compared to the microarrays of UDT1-1 mutant type- and wild type-anthers. Keywords: time-course
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Project description:Sequencing of sRNA and PARE libraries was performed for tissues collected from developmentally staged young panicles and anthers in rice variety Nongken 58
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Project description:Transcriptomes from multiple pre-meiotic stages of wild type, mac1, and msca1 maize anthers were characterized by microarray hybridization. The goal was to characterize the developmental progression as the anther specifies five cell types and grows rapidly precedeing meiotic entry. The stages characterized were immature anther primordia (0.15 mm long in maize) containing just stem cells, through somatic and germinal cell fate specification (0.20 and 0.25 mm), mitotic proliferation (0.4 mm), and finally the birth of the middle layer and tapetum (0.7 mm). To obtain cell-type specific markers, at 0.7 mm we also compared whole anthers to collections of laser-microdissected anther cell types including the archesporial cells (pre-meiotic germinal cells), nutritive layers (middle layer and tapetum) and structural layers (endothecium and epidemis) of the anther lobe. keyword: anther development, maize, male-sterile Three loop designs covered the early stages (up to 0.7 mm) with two replicates for each comparison. The first loop had 0.2 mm long anthers and compared wild type versus mac1 mutant versus msca1 mutant in a three vertex loop design. The second loop had four vertices and compared 0.15 mm WT anther primordia, 0.25 mm WT anthers, 0.4 mm WT anthers and finally 0.4 mm mac1 mutant anthers. The third had 0.7 mm anthers in a three vertex loop with the nutritive layers (middle layer and tapetum) at one vertex, the germinal pre-meiotic cells at another vertex, and whole anthers at a third vertex. The whole anther samples were also, separately and outside of the loop, compared in four replicates to the structural layers (endothecium and epidermis).
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Project description:Anthers are the male reproductive floral organs, but loss of the 24-nt class of phased small-interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) may confer temperature-sensitive male sterility in maize. 24-nt phasiRNAs from 176 loci are abundant coordinately in fertile maize anthers after the last periclinal divisions are complete, all four wall layers are formed, and meiosis has initiated in the pollen mother cells. In this study, we found male sterile maize ms23, ms32, and bhlh122 mutants with various degrees of tapetal defects lack 24-PHAS mRNA precursors and 24-nt phasiRNAs, which were not affected in another male sterile mutant, bhlh51. Transcription from most of 24-PHAS loci depends on bHLH122 while bHLH122 and Dcl5 transcription depends on both Ms23 and Ms32. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that 24-nt phasiRNAs biogenesis is primarily controlled at multiple layers by MS23 and MS32, with distinctive action on 24-PHAS transcription by bHLH122, creating a transcription factor cascade in maize tapetal cells.
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