Evaluation of expression profiles due to garlic intake in young men and women.
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ABSTRACT: Allium sativum (garlic) is considered the source of the diverse beneficial effects on thrombosis, heart disease, diabetes, nerve disorders and cancer, as well as being circulatory strengthening. We describe the global changes in transcriptomic activity from a short period of using a moderate amount of fresh garlic and its potential link to some of the beneficial effects.
Project description:Alcohol induced fatty liver cause a dangerous health problem and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Garlic (Allium sativum) is documented to possess anti-fatty liver properties. However the exact molecular mechanisms are unknown. The main aim of this experiment is to elucidate the underlying pathways through which garlic ameliorates alcohol induced fatty liver. Dially disulfide and garlic oil were the garlic compounds used in this study. Leiber DeCarli ethanol liquid diet was to induce fatty liver in C57BL/6 mice model. Also the expression impaired by alcohol induced fatty liver is another aim of this study.
Project description:Alcohol induced fatty liver cause a dangerous health problem and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Garlic (Allium sativum) is documented to possess anti-fatty liver properties. However the exact molecular mechanisms are unknown. The main aim of this experiment is to elucidate the underlying pathways through which garlic ameliorates alcohol induced fatty liver. Dially disulfide and garlic oil were the garlic compounds used in this study. Leiber DeCarli ethanol liquid diet was to induce fatty liver in C57BL/6 mice model. Also the expression impaired by alcohol induced fatty liver is another aim of this study. Leiber-Decarli ethanol diet was used to induce fatty liver in male C57BL/6 mice (n=12). For control, Lieber-DeCarli liquid control diet was fed to mice (n=4). The control mice were pair-fed to the ethanol mice. After adaptation, the ethanol fed mice were divided into three groups viz. alcohol (n=4), dially disulfide [DADS] (n=4) and garlic oil [GO] (n=4). The study started with the administration of DADS (15 mg/kg bw) or GO (50 mg/kg bw) mixed in 0.1 ml olive oil through gavage. For the control and alcohol groups, same amount of olive oil (0.1 ml) was gavaged. The mice were gavaged daily for 4 weeks. The mice were euthanized by CO2 and blood was collected by cardiac puncture. Liver, kidney, spleen, lungs and hearts were collected and their weights recorded. A portion of liver was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen (200 mg) for RNA extraction.
Project description:A single clove of edible garlic (Allium sativum L.) produces up to 5 mg of allicin (diallylthiosulfinate), a thiol-reactive sulfur-containing defence substance that gives injured garlic tissue its characteristic smell. Allicin induces apoptosis or necrosis in a dose-dependent manner but sublethal doses influence cellular metabolism and signalling cascades. Oxidation of protein thiols and depletion of the glutathione pool are thought to be responsible for allicin’s physiological effects. Here, we studied the effect of Allicin on post-translational thiol-modification in human Jurkat cells using shotgun LC-MS/MS analyses. We identified 332 proteins in the human Jurkat cell proteome that were modified by S-thioallylation which causes a mass shift of 72 Dalton on cysteines. Many S-thioallylated proteins are high abundant proteins, including the cytoskeletal proteins tubulin, actin, cofilin, filamin and plastin-2, the heat shock chaperones HSP90 and HSPA4, the glycolytic enzymes GAPDH, ALDOA, PKM as well the protein translation factor EEF2. We confirmed that Allicin disrupted the actin cytoskeleton in mouseL929 fibroblasts. Allicin further resulted in Zn2+ release from proteins and stimulated the Zn2+-dependent IL1-triggered release of IL2 in murine EL4 T-cells. Allicin further caused inhibition of enolase activity. In conclusion, our study revealed the overall extent of widespread S-thioallylation in the human Jurkat cell proteome after allicin exposure which affects essential cellular functions of selected allicin targets.
Project description:Garlic is a popular flavor enhancer in modern cuisines. Although anti-atherosclerotic, anti-proliferative, hypolipidemic and chemopreventative effects of garlic are known for a long time, the mechanisms of garlic as a dietary supplement ramain largely unknown. We used microarrays to analyze the global programme of gene expression in control (cellulose) and garlic-fed mice and identified erythropoietic and heme biosynthetic genes that could, in part, be responsible for the pleiotropic effects of garlic on health Keywords: diet, garlic
Project description:Garlic is a popular flavor enhancer in modern cuisines. Although anti-atherosclerotic, anti-proliferative, hypolipidemic and chemopreventative effects of garlic are known for a long time, the mechanisms of garlic as a dietary supplement ramain largely unknown. We used microarrays to analyze the global programme of gene expression in control (cellulose) and garlic-fed mice and identified erythropoietic and heme biosynthetic genes that could, in part, be responsible for the pleiotropic effects of garlic on health Experiment Overall Design: 8-week old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into two diet groups and maintained at an SPF facility. Mice were fed (ad libitum) a special diet (Yeh and Yeh, 1994) with 4% cellulose (Control group, 3 mice) or 4% lyophilized raw garlic powder (Treatment group, 3 mice). At the end of the 15-week treatment, spleen organs were used for RNA isolation and arraying.
Project description:Garlic is a popular flavor enhancer in modern cuisines. Although anti-atherosclerotic, anti-proliferative, hypolipidemic and chemopreventative effects of garlic are known for a long time, the mechanisms of garlic as a dietary supplement ramain largely unknown. We used microarrays to analyze the global programme of gene expression in the liver tissues of control (cellulose) and garlic-fed C57BL/6J mice maintained at an SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) facility.
Project description:To characterize the expression of 58219 genes annotated from garlic genome, the transcriptomes of seven tissues (including garlic sprouts, shoots, bulbs, flowers, roots, pesudostems, and leaves) were sequenced, and finally identified 45,750 genes expressed in various tissues investigated. In addition, the bulbs-transcriptomes in the eight stages of bulbs-development were sequenced, resulting in 6,234 genes isentified to show dynamic expression changes in the bulbs-developmental process.
Project description:Garlic is a popular flavor enhancer in modern cuisines. Although anti-atherosclerotic, anti-proliferative, hypolipidemic and chemopreventative effects of garlic are known for a long time, the mechanisms of garlic as a dietary supplement ramain largely unknown. We used microarrays to analyze the global programme of gene expression in control (cellulose) and garlic-fed C57BL/6J mice serendipitously infected with Pasteurella multocida and identified acute phase response genes, particularly Lcn2 and Orm2, as the major players in the innate response. Also dieraty garlic suppressed pasteurella infection in C57BL/6J mice.
Project description:To explore the influence of virus-accumulation on garlic growth, we produced a virus-free garlic using the landrace “Chalingzipisuan” with great accumulation of viruses, based on the shoot-tip culture. Then, using the viruses-accumulated garlic and corresponding virus-free garlic, we performed a transcriptomic investigation for the enlarging-growth bulbs, and identified 1,182 garlic genes with differential expression, suggesting these genes involved in the response to viruses-infection