Seasonal Light Hours Modulate Peripheral Clocks and Energy Metabolism in Mice
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE222550 | GEO | 2023/09/09
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The circadian clock synchronizes metabolic and behavioral cycles with the rotation of the Earth by integrating environmental cues, such as light. Nutrient content also regulates the clock, though how and why this environmental signal affects the clock remains incompletely understood. Here, we elucidate a role for nutrient in regulating circadian alignment to seasonal photoperiods. High fat diet (HFD) promoted entrainment to a summer light cycle and inhibited entrainment to a winter light cycle by phosphorylating PER2 on serine 662. PER2-S662 phospho-mimetic mutant mice were incapable of entraining to a winter photoperiod, while PER2-S662 phospho-null mutant mice were incapable of entraining to a summer photoperiod, even in the presence of HFD. Multi-omic experimentation in conjunction with isocaloric hydrogenated-fat feeding, revealed a role for polyunsaturated fatty acids in nutrient-dependent seasonal entrainment. Altogether, we identify the mechanism whereby nutrient content shifts circadian rhythms to anticipate seasonal photoperiods in which that nutrient state predominates.
2024-01-29 | GSE254155 | GEO
Project description:Earth tilted rotation and translation around the Sun produce one of the most pervasive rhythms on our planet, giving rise to seasonal variations in diel cycles. Although marine phytoplankton plays a key role on ecosystems, multiomics analysis of its response to these periodic environmental signals remains largely unexplored. The marine picoalga Ostreococcus tauri, which resides at the base of the green lineage, has been chosen as model organism due to its high abundance in marine phytoplankton and its cellular and genomic simplicity, making it the smallest free living eukaryote. Ostreococcus was subjected to different light regimes: summer long days, winter short days, constant light and constant dark conditions, to investigate these responses. Although 80% of the transcriptome presented diel rhythmicity, less than 5% maintained oscillations under constant conditions. A drastic reduction in proteome rhythmicity was observed with 55% of the proteins oscillating. Seasonal specific rhythms were found for key physiological processes such as cell cycle, photosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, starch accumulation and nitrate assimilation. In this study, a global orchestration between transcriptome, proteome and physiological dynamics was characterised identifying specific seasonal temporal offsets between peaks in transcripts, proteins, and physiological responses.
2023-11-17 | PXD046992 | Pride
Project description:Seasonal cycles of light, temperature and precipitation provide signals that set the timing of gene expression and growth for trees. Conifers possess evergreen needles to sense and respond to year-round external signals. We monitored gene activity in Douglas-fir needles for one year and found that gene expression is dependent on light at daily and annual scales. The majority of rhythmic genes achieve maximum activity +/- 2 hours from sunrise and sunset, and +/- 20 days from the winter and summer solstices. Remarkably, the dormant period is characterized by significant gene activation, with thousands of genes achieving peak activity. This study identifies annual gene rhythms in conifers needles, and provides a framework for identifying genes that respond to other environmental cues. Background: Perennial growth in plants is the product of interdependent cycles of daily and annual stimuli that induce cycles of growth and dormancy. In conifers, needles are the key perennial organ that integrates daily and seasonal signals from light, temperature, and water availability. To understand the relationship between seasonal rhythms and seasonal gene expression responses in conifers, we examined diurnal and circannual needle mRNA accumulation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) needles at diurnal and circannual scales. Using mRNA sequencing, we sampled 6.1x10^9 microreads from 19 trees and constructed a de novo pan-transcriptome reference that includes 173,882 tree-derived transcripts. Using this reference, we mapped RNA-Seq reads from 179 samples that capture daily, seasonal, and annual variation. Results: We identified 12,042 diurnally-cyclic transcripts, 9,299 of which showed homology to annotated genes from other plant genomes, including angiosperm core clock genes. Annual analysis revealed 21,225 annually-cyclic transcripts, 17,335 of which showed homology to annotated genes from other plant genomes. The timing of maximum gene expression is associated with light quality at diurnal and photoperiod at annual scales, with two-thirds of transcripts reaching maximum expression +/- 2 hours from sunrise and sunset, and half reaching maximum expression +/- 20 days from winter and summer solstices. Comparison to published microarray-based gene expression studies in spruce (Picea) show that the rank order of expression for 760 putatively orthologous genes was significantly preserved, highlighting the generality of our findings. Conclusions: This finding highlights the extensive annual and seasonal transcriptome variability demonstrated in conifer needles. At these temporal scales, 29% of expressed transcripts showed a significant diurnal rhythm, and 58.7% showed a significant circannual rhythm. Remarkably, thousands of genes reach their annual peak activity during winter dormancy, a time of metabolic stasis. Photoperiod appears to be a dominant driver of annual transcription patterns in Douglas-fir, and these results may be general for predicting rhythmic transcription patterns in emerging gymnosperm models.
2017-01-04 | GSE93067 | GEO
Project description:Seasonal cycles of light, temperature and precipitation provide signals that set the timing of gene expression and growth for trees. Conifers possess evergreen needles to sense and respond to year-round external signals. We monitored gene activity in Douglas-fir needles for one year and found that gene expression is dependent on light at daily and annual scales. The majority of rhythmic genes achieve maximum activity +/- 2 hours from sunrise and sunset, and +/- 20 days from the winter and summer solstices. Remarkably, the dormant period is characterized by significant gene activation, with thousands of genes achieving peak activity. This study identifies annual gene rhythms in conifers needles, and provides a framework for identifying genes that respond to other environmental cues. Background: Perennial growth in plants is the product of interdependent cycles of daily and annual stimuli that induce cycles of growth and dormancy. In conifers, needles are the key perennial organ that integrates daily and seasonal signals from light, temperature, and water availability. To understand the relationship between seasonal rhythms and seasonal gene expression responses in conifers, we examined diurnal and circannual needle mRNA accumulation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) needles at diurnal and circannual scales. Using mRNA sequencing, we sampled 6.1x10^9 microreads from 19 trees and constructed a de novo pan-transcriptome reference that includes 173,882 tree-derived transcripts. Using this reference, we mapped RNA-Seq reads from 179 samples that capture daily, seasonal, and annual variation. Results: We identified 12,042 diurnally-cyclic transcripts, 9,299 of which showed homology to annotated genes from other plant genomes, including angiosperm core clock genes. Annual analysis revealed 21,225 annually-cyclic transcripts, 17,335 of which showed homology to annotated genes from other plant genomes. The timing of maximum gene expression is associated with light quality at diurnal and photoperiod at annual scales, with two-thirds of transcripts reaching maximum expression +/- 2 hours from sunrise and sunset, and half reaching maximum expression +/- 20 days from winter and summer solstices. Comparison to published microarray-based gene expression studies in spruce (Picea) show that the rank order of expression for 760 putatively orthologous genes was significantly preserved, highlighting the generality of our findings. Conclusions: This finding highlights the extensive annual and seasonal transcriptome variability demonstrated in conifer needles. At these temporal scales, 29% of expressed transcripts showed a significant diurnal rhythm, and 58.7% showed a significant circannual rhythm. Remarkably, thousands of genes reach their annual peak activity during winter dormancy, a time of metabolic stasis. Photoperiod appears to be a dominant driver of annual transcription patterns in Douglas-fir, and these results may be general for predicting rhythmic transcription patterns in emerging gymnosperm models.
2017-01-04 | GSE93066 | GEO
Project description:Persistent free-running circannual (circa 1-year) rhythms have evolved in animals to regulate hormone cycles and time annual reproduction. In mammals, these are synchronized by environmental photoperiod and the melatonin signal. Long summer-like photoperiods (LP) activates thyrotrophs and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) expression in the melatonin target tissue, the pars tuberalis (PT) region of the pituitary gland, driven by the transcriptional co-activator EYA3. TSH in turn stimulates thyroid hormone (TH) conversion in hypothalamic ependymal tanycytes, thus timing breeding seasons. In contrast to our new knowledge defining photoperiodic input, it is still not known which cells, tissues and pathways generate the underlying circannual cycle. We used seasonal sheep to characterise the circannual cycle, transferring animals from short winter-like photoperiods (SP) to prolonged LP conditions, and assaying prolactin to track circannual phase in individual animals. Using RNA-seq, we profiled PT cells at different phases of the circannual cycle, and defined extensive changes of cellular-remodeling pathways and genes encoding synaptic guidance proteins in the PT.
2015-10-09 | GSE65900 | GEO
Project description:Persistent free-running circannual (circa 1-year) rhythms have evolved in animals to regulate hormone cycles and time annual reproduction. In mammals, these are synchronized by environmental photoperiod and the melatonin signal. Long summer-like photoperiods (LP) activates thyrotrophs and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) expression in the melatonin target tissue, the pars tuberalis (PT) region of the pituitary gland, driven by the transcriptional co-activator EYA3. TSH in turn stimulates thyroid hormone (TH) conversion in hypothalamic ependymal tanycytes, thus timing breeding seasons. In contrast to our new knowledge defining photoperiodic input, it is still not known which cells, tissues and pathways generate the underlying circannual cycle. We used seasonal sheep to characterise the circannual cycle, transferring animals from short winter-like photoperiods (SP) to prolonged LP conditions, and assaying prolactin to track circannual phase in individual animals. Using RNA-seq, we profiled PT cells at different phases of the circannual cycle, and defined extensive changes of cellular-remodeling pathways and genes encoding synaptic guidance proteins in the PT.
2015-10-09 | GSE65475 | GEO
Project description:The anadromous Atlantic salmon undergo preparatory physiological transformations before seawater entry, referred to as smoltification. Little is known about the photoperiod-influence and genome regulatory processes driving smoltification such as the large scale changes in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis in the developing smolt liver. To shed light on this, we performed a smoltification trial using contrasting photoperiod regimes and generate a transcriptome data from livers throughout smoltification and after seawater transfer. In this experiment two groups of Atlantic salmon were reared for a total of 46 weeks from the parr stage, through smoltification, and seawater transfer. After 21 week from first feeding, the experiment group was given artificial winter photoperiod (8 hours light, 16 hours dark) for 8 weeks to induce smoltification before returning to constant light. The second control group received constant light throughout the experiment. Liver tissue was sampled from individuals first at week 1, 21 weeks after first feeding, then again at week 10, after the winter period, at week 19, after the expected smoltification time, and lastly at week 25, after transfer to seawater.
2022-05-16 | E-MTAB-11746 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Investigation of transcriptome dynamics of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in winter (Dec. 22-23, 2011) and summer (July 30-31, 2012). We investigated seasonal and diurnal transcriptome dynamics of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) by analyzing shoot samples collected at four-hour interval for two days in winter and summer, respectively. We first collected sequence data of expressed genes from shoots to designed microarray probes. Microarray analysis revealed the significant difference of transcripts between summer and winter, and the diurnal transcriptome dynamic in summer.Statistical analysis indicated that about 7.7 % of unique genes showed diurnal rhythms with more than two-fold of peak-to-trough amplitude in summer.
2014-09-29 | GSE53945 | GEO
Project description:The anadromous Atlantic salmon undergo preparatory physiological transformations before seawater entry, referred to as smoltification. Little is known about the photoperiod-influence and genome regulatory processes driving smoltification such as the large scale changes in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis in the developing smolt liver. To shed light on this, we performed a smoltification trial using contrasting photoperiod regimes and generate ATAC-seq data from livers throughout smoltification and after seawater transfer to assess the differences in chromatin accessibility. In this experiment Atlantic salmon were reared for a total of 46 weeks from the parr stage, through smoltification, and seawater transfer. After 21 week from first feeding, the group was given artificial winter photoperiod (8 hours light, 16 hours dark) for 8 weeks to induce smoltification before returning to constant light. Liver tissue was sampled from individuals first at week 1, 21 weeks after first feeding, then again at week 10, after the winter period, at week 19, after the expected smoltification time, and lastly at week 25, after transfer to seawater.
2024-02-02 | E-MTAB-13743 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hibernation is energy saving adaptation involving suppression of activity to survive in highly seasonal environments. Immobility and disuse generate muscle loss in most mammalian species. In contrast to other mammals, bears and ground squirrels demonstrate limited muscle atrophy over the physical inactivity of winter hibernation. This suggests that hibernating mammals have adaptive mechanisms to prevent disuse muscle atrophy. To identify common transcriptional program underlying molecular mechanisms preventing muscle loss, we conducted a large-scale gene expression screening in hind limb muscles comparing hibernating and summer active black bears and arctic ground squirrels by the use of custom 9,600 probe cDNA microarrays. The molecular pathway analysis showed an elevated proportion of overexpressed genes involved in all stages of protein biosynthesis and ribosome biogenesis in muscle of both species during hibernation that implies induction of translation at different hibernation states. The induction of protein biosynthesis likely contributes to attenuation of disuse muscle atrophy through prolonged periods of immobility and starvation. This adaptive mechanism allows hibernating mammals to maintain full musculoskeletal function and preserve mobility during and immediately after hibernation, thus promoting survival. The lack of directional changes in genes of protein catabolic pathways does not support the importance of metabolic suppression for preserving muscle mass during winter. Coordinated reduction of multiply genes involved in oxidation reduction and glucose metabolism detected in both species is consistent with metabolic suppression and lower energy demand in skeletal muscle during inactivity of hibernation. Black bears sampled during winter hibernation were compared with the animals sampled during summer. Muscle tissue were hybridized on a custom 12,800 cDNA probe nylon membrane microarray platform . Six hibernating and six summer active bears were studied in the experiment.
2014-10-16 | E-GEOD-62220 | biostudies-arrayexpress