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Inflammatory activation of airway epithelial cells by pyocyanin

ABSTRACT: Despite the appreciated in vivo role of the redox-active Pseudomonas virulence factor pyocyanin in Pseudomonas airway infections and the recognized importance of airway epithelial cells in combating bacterial pathogens, little is known about pyocyanin’s effect on airway epithelial cells. We find that exposure of bronchiolar epithelial cells to pyocyanin results in MUC2/MUC5AC induction and mucin secretion mediated by reactive oxygen species production, activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor pathway and release of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6, TGFa, TNFa). Microarray analysis identified 286 pyocyanin-induced genes in airway epithelial cells, including many of the inflammatory mediators elevated in cystic fibrosis airways (G-CSF, GM-CSF, CXCL1, SAA). We also found several novel pyocyanin-responsive genes of potential importance in the infection process (IL-24, CXCL2, CXCL3, CCL20, SOD2). This comprehensive study uncovers numerous details of pyocyanin’s proinflammatory action and establishes airway epithelial cells as key responders following exposure to this microbial toxin.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE22430 | GEO | 2011/06/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA128555

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Global expression profiling of airway epithelial cells infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the rsmA mutant. Recent work in our laboratory investigated the impact of RsmA on a number of airway epithelial cell phenotypes including actin depolymerization, cytotoxicity and invasion. These cellular phenotypes were influenced by the positive effect of RsmA on the expression of the TTSS in P. aeruginosa (Mulcahy et al. 2006. Infect. Immun.). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen which is capable of causing both acute and chronic infections in immunocompromised patients. Successful adaptation of the bacterium to its host environment relies on the ability of the organism to tightly regulate gene expression. RsmA, a small RNA-binding protein, controls the expression of a large number of virulence-related genes in P. aeruginosa, including those encoding the type III secretion system and associated effector proteins, with important consequences for epithelial cell morphology and cytotoxicity. In order to examine the influence of RsmA-regulated functions in the pathogen on gene expression in the host, we compared global expression profiles of airway epithelial cells in response to infection with P. aeruginosa PAO1 and an rsmA mutant. The RsmA-dependent response of host cells was characterized by significant changes in the global transcriptional pattern, including the increased expression of two Kruppel-like factors, KLF2 and KLF6. This increased expression was mediated by specific type III effector proteins. ExoS was required for the enhanced expression of KLF2, whereas both ExoS and ExoY were required for the enhanced expression of KLF6. Neither ExoT nor ExoU influenced the expression of the transcription factors. Additionally, the increased gene expression of KLF2 and KLF6 was associated with ExoS-mediated cytotoxicity. Therefore, this study identifies for the first time the human transcription factors KLF2 and KLF6 as targets of the P. aeruginosa type III exoenzymes S and Y, with potential importance in host cell death. Keywords: Expression profiling, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, microbial infection, airway epithelial cells, cystic fibrosis, exoenzymes, ExoS, ExoT, ExoU, ExoY, Kruppel-like factors, KLF2, KLF6

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Inflammatory activation of airway epithelial cells by pyocyanin

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