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The wheat C2H2 zinc finger protein TaZFP13D modulates the expression of chloroplast-related genes, improves growth and drought stress tolerance.

ABSTRACT: Background Maintaining global food security in the context of climate changes is an important challenge in the next century. Improving abiotic stress tolerance of major crops, like wheat, can contribute to this goal. Therefore, new genes improving tolerance to abiotic stresses, like drought, are needed to support breeding programs aimed at producing more adapted cultivars. Recently, we screened five wheat Zinc Finger Proteins (TaZFPs) and identified TaZFP13D as a new gene improving water-stress tolerance. However, a more detailed characterization of this gene is required to better evaluate its potential in drought tolerance and to decipher the underlying molecular basis. Results We used the Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus to up- or down-regulate TaZFP13D expression in wheat. Overexpression of TaZFP13D under well-watered conditions enhances growth as indicated by improved biomass. Exposing plants to a severe drought stress revealed that TaZFP13D strongly increases survival rate and stress recovery. In addition, TaZFP13D reduces drought-induced oxidative damages, at least in part by improving key antioxidant enzymes activity. Conversely, down-regulation of TaZFP13D decreases drought tolerance and protection against drought-induced oxidative damages. RNA-seq-based transcriptome analysis showed that many genes regulated by TaZFP13D were previously shown to improve drought tolerance, while many others are related to the photosynthetic electron transfer chain and are proposed to improve photosynthesis efficiency and chloroplast protection against ROS damages. Conclusion This study highlights the important role of TaZFP13D in wheat drought tolerance, contributes to unravel the complex regulation governed by TaZFPs, and provides a useful marker to select more drought tolerant wheat cultivars.

ORGANISM(S): Triticum aestivum

PROVIDER: GSE226842 | GEO | 2023/03/08

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Wheat cultivars ‘TAM 111’ and ‘TAM 112’ have been dominantly grown in the Southern U.S. Great Plains for many years due to their excellent, yet variable, drought tolerance. To identify the molecular basis and genetic control of drought tolerance in these two landmark cultivars, RNA-seq analysis was conducted to compare gene expression difference in flag leaves under fully irrigated (wet) and water deficient (dry) conditions. Of the 122,017 gene sequences assembled, 2,254 genes showed significantly altered expression patterns under dry and wet conditions in the two cultivars. TAM 111 had 593 and 1,532 dry-wet differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and TAM 112 had 777 and 1,670 at heading and grain-filling stages, respectively. The two cultivars have 1,214 (53.9%) dry-wet DEGs in common, which agreed with their excellent adaption to drought, but 438 and 602 dry-wet DEGs were respectively shown only in TAM 111 and TAM 112 suggested that each may have a specific mechanism to cope with drought. Annotation of all 2,254 genes with dry-wet expression difference found 1,855 have functions related to biosynthesis, stress responses, defense responses, transcription factors and cellular components related to ion or protein transportation and signal transduction. Comparing hierarchical structure of biological processes, molecule functions and cellular components revealed the significant regulation differences between TAM 111 and TAM 112, particularly for genes of phosphorylation and adenyl ribonucleotide binding, and proteins located in nucleus and plasma membrane. Comparing gene expressions involved in responses to stresses of water deprivation, heat and oxidative, ABA-induced signal pathway and transcription regulation found TAM 112 have more specific dry-wet DEGs than TAM 111 with most of them up-regulated, indicating that TAM 112 is more active than TAM 111 in response to drought. In addition, 399 dry-wet DEGs with unknown functions included 258 genes encoding predicted uncharacterized proteins and 141 unannotated genes with no similar sequences identified in the databases. These may represent novel genes related to drought response in TAM 111 or TAM 112. This research thus revealed different drought-tolerance mechanisms in TAM 111 and TAM 112 and identified useful drought tolerance genes for wheat adaption.

Project description:Purpose: To identify abiotic stress responsive and tissue specific miRNAs at genome wide level in wheat (Triticum aestivum) Results: Small RNA libraries were constructed from four tissues (root, shoot, mature leaf and spikelets) and three stress treatments of wheat seedlings (control, high temperature, salinity and water-deficit). A total of 59.5 million reads were obtained by high throughput sequencing of eight wheat libraries, of which 32.5 million reads were found to be unique. Using UEA sRNA workbench we identified 47 conserved miRNAs belonging to 20 families, 1030 candidate novel and 51 true novel miRNAs. Several of these miRNAs displayed tissue specific expression whereas few were found to be responsive to abiotic stress treatments. Target genes were predicted for miRNAs identified in this study and their grouping into functional categories revealed that the putative targets were involved in diverse biological processes. RLM-RACE of predicted targets of three conserved miRNAs (miR156, miR160 and miR164) confirmed their mRNA cleavage, thus indicating their regulation at post-transcriptional level by corresponding miRNAs. Expression profiling of confirmed target genes of these miRNAs was also performed. Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive study on profiling of miRNAs in a variety of tissues and in response to several abiotic stresses in wheat. Our findings provide valuable resource for better understanding on the role of miRNAs in stress tolerance as well as plant development. Additionally, this information could be utilized for designing wheat plants for enhanced abiotic stress tolerance and higher productivity. Total eight (three stress, one control and four tissue specific small RNA libraries were pepared and sequenced independently [wheat control (WC), wheat high temperature stressed (WHTS), wheat salinity stressed (WSS) and wheat drought stressed (WDS), wheat shoot(WSH), wheat leaf (WLF), wheat flower(WFL), wheat root(WRT)] on Illumina GAIIx

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The wheat C2H2 zinc finger protein TaZFP13D modulates the expression of chloroplast-related genes, improves growth and drought stress tolerance.

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