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A cell transcriptomic profile reveals the molecular mechanisms of adipocytes in mammary gland across development

ABSTRACT: Studying composition and developmental mechanisms in mammary gland is crucial for healthy growth of the newborn. Here, we constructed the largest transcriptomic dataset of mammary gland cells thus far. The dataset captured 126,829 high-quality nuclei from adipocytes, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, fibroblasts cells, immune cells, myoepithelial cells and precursor cells at five timepoint of mammary development. Remarkably, adipocytes were annotated in the mammary gland for the first time at both snRNA-seq and spatial transcriptome levels. Histological observation and cell type annotations indicated that the living space of adipocytes was compressed to a great extent during lactation. The cell-cell interaction pathway indicated that to maintain their own survival, adipocytes in lactation eliminated chemokines and avoided the phagocytosis of immune cells through the chemokine receptor-ligand pairs, such as CCL21-ACKR4. In the period of natural involution, we speculated that adipocytes inhibited apoptosis based on the activation of ADI-POQ-ADIPOR2 pairs, which was further confirmed in the spatial transcriptome level. Meanwhile, we found that the dedifferentiation of epithelial cells was initiation, that is, they were converted into mesenchymal stem cells. Another vital feature of remodeling mammary gland was that other cells seem to be actively cleared by immune cells via the IL34-CSF1R pathway. Our cell transcriptomic profile constitutes an essential reference for future studies in the development and remodeling of the mammary gland.

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

PROVIDER: GSE227425 | GEO | 2023/10/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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