Dataset Information

Dietary cystine restriction increases the proliferative capacity of the small intestine of mice

ABSTRACT: Cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid provided by dietary intake of mainly meat, eggs and whole grains or via the amino acid methionine. The majority of dietary cystine is absorbed in the small intestine and can be used for protein synthesis or converted to taurine and glutathione. Since there is a trend towards adopting a vegetarian/vegan diet, which is low in cysteine, in this study, we investigate the effect of dietary cystine restriction on intestinal epithelial layer function. Mice (8/group) received a normal diet or a diet low in cystine for 2 weeks. We observed no changes in plasma methionine, cysteine, taurine or glutathione levels after 2 weeks. Stem cell markers as well as the proliferation marker Ki67 were or tended to be increased upon cystine restriction. Gene set enrichment analysis reveals enrichment of Wnt signaling in the small intestine of mice on the low cystine diet. These proliferative effects were not observed in the colon, and are thus specific for the small intestine. In the colon, we observed that dietary cystine restriction results in an increase in the number of goblet cells but no significant changes in the thickness of the mucus barrier or in its protective capacity. There was no difference in the microbiome between the normal and low cystine diet. Overall, we cannot conclude if dietary cystine restriction is beneficial, since increased proliferation and goblet cells can indicate a potential for damage repair, nevertheless hyperproliferation has the potential to induce cancer as well.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE234566 | GEO | 2023/09/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
		Other

Items per page:

1 - 1 of 1

Similar Datasets

Project description:In this study, we combined metabolic reconstruction, growth assays, metabolome and transcriptome analyses to obtain a global view of the sulfur metabolic network and of the response to sulfur availability in Brevibacterium aurantiacum. In agreement with the growth of B. aurantiacum in the presence of sulfate and cystine, the metabolic reconstruction showed the presence of a sulfate assimilation pathway and of thiolation pathways that produce cysteine (cysE and cysK) or homocysteine (metX and metY) from sulfide, of at least one gene of the transsulfuration pathway (aecD) and of genes encoding three MetE-type methionine synthases. We also compared the expression profiles of B. aurantiacum ATCC9175 during sulfur starvation and in the presence of sulfate, cystine or methionine plus cystine. In sulfur starvation, 690 genes including 21 genes involved in sulfur metabolism and 29 genes encoding amino acids and peptide transporters were differentially expressed. We also investigated changes in pools of sulfur-containing metabolites and in expression profiles after growth in the presence of sulfate, cystine or methionine plus cystine. The expression of genes involved in sulfate assimilation and cysteine synthesis was repressed in presence of cysteine, while the expression of metX, metY, metE1, metE2 and BL613 encoding a probable cystathionine-γ-synthase decreased in the presence of methionine. We identified three ABC transporters: two stronger transcribed during cysteine limitation and one during methionine depletion. Finally, the expression of genes encoding a methionine γ-lyase, BL929, and a methionine transporter (metPS) was induced in the presence of methionine, in conjunction with a significant increase of volatile sulfur compounds production. Refer to individual Series. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE25418: BA-Methionine plus Cystine vs Cystine GSE25419: BA-Sulfate vs Cystine GSE25420: BA-Methionine plus Cystine vs Sulfate GSE25421: BA-Sulfate vs Sulfate starvation

Project description:Taurine ameliorates changes occurring in newborn skeletal muscle as a result of gestational protein restriction in C57BL/6 mice, but taurine supplementation effects may be exaggerated in C57BL/6 mice due to their inherent excessive taurinuria. We examined if maternal taurine supplementation could ameliorate changes in gene expression levels, properties of mitochondria, myogenesis, and nutrient transport and sensing, in male newborn skeletal muscle caused by a maternal low protein (LP) diet in Wistar rats. LP diet resulted in an 11% non-significant decrease in birth weight, which was not rescued by taurine supplementation (LP-Tau). LP-Tau offspring had signifi-cantly lower birth weight compared to controls. Gene expression profiling revealed 895 significantly changed genes, mainly an LP-induced down-regulation of genes involved in protein translation. Taurine fully or partially rescued 32% of these changes, but with no distinct pattern as to which genes were rescued. Skeletal muscle taurine content in LP-Tau offspring was increased, but no changes in mRNA levels of the taurine synthesis pathway were observed. Taurine transporter mRNA levels, but not protein levels, were increased by LP diet. Nutrient sensing pathways were largely unaffected in LP or LP-Tau groups, although taurine supplementation caused an unexpected decrease in total Akt and AMPK protein levels. PAT4 amino acid transporter mRNA was increased by LP, and normalized by taurine supplementation. In conclusion, gestational protein restriction in rats decreased genes involved in protein translation in newborn skeletal muscle and led to changes in nutrient transporters. Taurine partly rescued these changes, hence underscoring the im-portance of taurine in development. We used microarrays to detail changes in global programme of gene expression in newborn offspring skeletal muscle brains from rats subjected to either a control diet, a low protein diet or a low protein diet + taurine supplementation

Dataset Information

Dietary cystine restriction increases the proliferative capacity of the small intestine of mice

Dataset's files

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets