Similar Datasets
Project description:The ability of a virus to infect a cell type is partly determined by host factors required for the viral life cycle. However, not every cell of a given type is equally susceptible, suggesting that our knowledge of the full spectrum of factors that promote infection is incomplete. Profiling the susceptible subsets of cells could reveal additional host factors, but viral infection dramatically alters the state of the cell, obscuring the state of these cells prior to infection. We used single-cell clone tracing to retrospectively identify cells that were highly susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our approach revealed candidate factors playing roles in viral entry and regulation of the infectable cell state itself. Patient samples revealed heterogeneous expression of these factors in vivo, with heightened expression in particular inflammatory pathologies. Thus, variable expression of intrinsic cell states is a major determinant of whether individual cells can be infected by SARS-CoV-2.
2023-07-12 | GSE236941 | GEO
Project description:The ability of a virus to infect a cell type is partly determined by host factors required for the viral life cycle. However, not every cell of a given type is equally susceptible, suggesting that our knowledge of the full spectrum of factors that promote infection is incomplete. Profiling the susceptible subsets of cells could reveal additional host factors, but viral infection dramatically alters the state of the cell, obscuring the state of these cells prior to infection. We used single-cell clone tracing to retrospectively identify cells that were highly susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our approach revealed candidate factors playing roles in viral entry and regulation of the infectable cell state itself. Patient samples revealed heterogeneous expression of these factors in vivo, with heightened expression in particular inflammatory pathologies. Thus, variable expression of intrinsic cell states is a major determinant of whether individual cells can be infected by SARS-CoV-2.
2023-07-12 | GSE236939 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2023-09-28 | GSE234487 | GEO
Project description:Dysregulated immune responses contribute to the excessive and uncontrolled inflammation observed in severe COVID-19. However, how immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is induced and regulated remains unclear. Here we uncover a role of the complement system in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Complement rapidly opsonizes SARS-CoV-2 particles via the lectin pathway. Complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2 efficiently induces type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses via activation of dendritic cells, which are inhibited by antibodies against the complement receptors (CR) 3 and 4. Serum from COVID-19 patients, or monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, attenuate innate and adaptive immunity induced by complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2. Blocking of CD32, the FcγRII antibody receptor of dendritic cells, restores complement-induced immunity. These results suggest that opsonization of SARS-CoV-2 by complement is involved in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the acute phase of infection. Subsequent antibody responses limit inflammation and restore immune homeostasis. These findings suggest that dysregulation of the complement system and FcγRII signaling may contribute to severe COVID-19.
| S-SCDT-10_1038-S44318-024-00061-0 | biostudies-other
Project description:Modelling cell infection in-a-dish can represent a useful tool to understand the susceptibility of different cell types towards severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to decipher its neurotropism. In this perspective, retinoic acid (RA)-differentiated neuroblastoma cell lines, SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE(2) and glioblastoma cell lines, U-87 MG and U-373 MG, were infected with a SARS-CoV-2 strain, at various multiplicity-of-infection (MOI). We first demonstrated that the common entry genes - needed for invading epithelial cells - were expressed. RA-differentiation induced an upregulation of ace2 and tmprss2 gene expression while inducing downregulation of ctsb and ctsl. Using in situ hybridization and confocal analysis, SARS-CoV-2 gene S RNA was detected intracellularly at MOI 5.0, and localized in both soma and neuritic-like or glial-like processes. The infection was confirmed by quantification of viral gene E RNA and showed a dose-dependency, with few infected cells at MOI 0.1. After 24 h of infection, no cytopathic effect was observed in SH-SY5Y abilities to maintain neuritic processes or in U-373 MG for the uptake of glutamate. Unlike the permissive Vero E6 cells, no significant apoptosis death was detected following SARS-CoV-2 infection of neuroblastoma or glioblastoma cells. This study demonstrates the susceptibility of neuronal- and glial-like cell lines towards SARS-CoV-2 infection at high MOIs. Once inside the cells, the virus does not seem to rapidly replicate nor exert major cytopathic effect. Overall, our results strengthen the idea that SARS-CoV-2 has a tropism for nervous cells that express commonly described entry genes.
| S-EPMC7863753 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2013-07-30 | GSE47963 | GEO
Project description:CD4+ T cells play a fundamental role in host defenses against viruses by orchestrating B cell development and/or by directly targeting pathogens. This dataset aimed at understanding the molecular profile of CD4+ T cells in the context of an acute and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. The analyzed patient was recruited at Henri Mondor University Hospital (AP-HP, Paris France) in March 2020, and required oxygen as treatment. Peripheral (CD14-CD56-CD123-CD19-CD3+CD4+CD45RA-PD-1high) T cells were FACS-sorted using a Sony MA900 in PBS/0.08% FCS. 1.105 cells were obtained and 20000 were loaded in the 10x Chromium Controller to generate single-cell gel-beads in emulsion. The scRNA-seq libraries were generated using the Chromium Next GEM Single Cell V(D)J Reagent Kit v.1.1 with Feature Barcoding (10x Genomics) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. PBMCs were initially isolated from venous blood samples via standard density gradient centrifugation and used after cryopreservation at -150°C. Cells were thawed using RPMI-1640 (Gibco) 10% FBS, washed twice and incubated with fluorochrome-conjugated antibody cocktail and viable cells were identified using a LIVE/DEAD Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) incubated with conjugated antibodies used for cell sorting (CD3/CD4/CD14/CD19/CD45/CD56/CD123/PD-1) as well as a panel of barcoded TotalSeqC® antibodies (CD11c/CD21/CD27/CD38/CD49d/CD69/CD71/CD73/CD95/CD103/CD138/CD305/CD307d/CD307e/CXCR3/CXCR4/CXCR5/HLA-DR/ICOS/ITB7/LAG-3/NKG2D/TIM3). A single sort was performed for this patient and 5’-transcriptomic, VDJ and ADT libraries were sequenced .
2023-09-30 | E-MTAB-13321 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The major concern for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), is the lack of diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Using a phage display technology in a chicken system, high-affinity monoclonal antibody fragments against the SARS-CoV spike protein were characterized. Ten truncated spike protein gene fragments were expressed in Escherichia coli cells. Following the immunization of chickens with these recombinant spike proteins, two single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody libraries were established with short or long linkers to contain 5x10(7) and 9x10(6) transformants, respectively. After four rounds of panning selection, the scFv antibodies of randomly chosen clones were demonstrated by Coomassie blue staining, and verified by western blot analysis. In a comparison of nucleotide sequences with the chicken germline gene, we found that all clones varied in the complementarity-determining regions, that two scFv antibodies reacted significantly with SARS-CoV-infected Vero cells, and that those two specific scFv antibodies recognized the same region of the spike protein spanning amino acid residues 750-1000. In conclusion, the results suggest that the chicken scFv phage display system can be a potential model for mass production of high-affinity antibodies against the SARS-CoV spike protein.
| S-EPMC7112778 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became a pandemic event in the world, it has not only caused huge economic losses, but also a serious threat to global public health. Many scientific questions about SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were raised and urgently need to be answered, including the susceptibility of animals to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we tested whether tree shrew, an emerging experimental animal domesticated from wild animal, is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. No clinical signs were observed in SARS-CoV-2 inoculated tree shrews during this experiment except the increasing body temperature particularly in female animals. Low levels of virus shedding and replication in tissues occurred in all three age groups. Notably, young tree shrews (6 months to 12 months) showed virus shedding at the earlier stage of infection than adult (2 years to 4 years) and old (5 years to 7 years) animals that had longer duration of virus shedding comparatively. Histopathological examine revealed that pulmonary abnormalities were the main changes but mild although slight lesions were also observed in other tissues. In summary, tree shrew is less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with the reported animal models and may not be a suitable animal for COVID-19 related researches. However, tree shrew may be a potential intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2 as an asymptomatic carrier.
| S-EPMC7525503 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To explore the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection in different time before operation and postoperative main complications (mortality, main pulmonary and cardiovascular complications) 30 days after operation; To determine the best timing of surgery after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
| 12454 | ecrin-mdr-crc