Similar Datasets
Project description:The symbiotic interaction of plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) is ancient and widespread. Plants provide AM fungi with carbon in exchange for nutrients and water, making this interaction a prime target for crop improvement. However, plant-fungal interactions are restricted to a small subset of root cells, precluding the application of most conventional functional genomic techniques to study the molecular bases of these interactions. Here we used single-nucleus and spatial RNA sequencing to explore both M. truncatula and R. irregularis transcriptomes in AM symbiosis at cellular and spatial resolution. Integrated spatially-registered single-cell maps of interacting cells revealed major infected and uninfected plant root cell types. We observed that cortical cells exhibit distinct transcriptome profiles during different stages of colonization by AM fungi, indicating dynamic interplay between both organisms during establishment of the cellular interface enabling successful symbiosis. Our study provides insight into a symbiotic relationship of major agricultural and environmental importance and demonstrates a paradigm combining single-cell and spatial transcriptomics for the analysis of complex organismal interactions.
2023-08-11 | GSE240102 | GEO
Project description:The symbiotic interaction of plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) is ancient and widespread. Plants provide AM fungi with carbon in exchange for nutrients and water, making this interaction a prime target for crop improvement. However, plant-fungal interactions are restricted to a small subset of root cells, precluding the application of most conventional functional genomic techniques to study the molecular bases of these interactions. Here we used single-nucleus and spatial RNA sequencing to explore both M. truncatula and R. irregularis transcriptomes in AM symbiosis at cellular and spatial resolution. Integrated spatially-registered single-cell maps of interacting cells revealed major infected and uninfected plant root cell types. We observed that cortical cells exhibit distinct transcriptome profiles during different stages of colonization by AM fungi, indicating dynamic interplay between both organisms during establishment of the cellular interface enabling successful symbiosis. Our study provides insight into a symbiotic relationship of major agricultural and environmental importance and demonstrates a paradigm combining single-cell and spatial transcriptomics for the analysis of complex organismal interactions.
2023-08-11 | GSE240098 | GEO
Project description:Spatial Co-transcriptomics Reveals Discrete Stages of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis
| PRJNA1002295 | ENA
Project description:Spatial Co-transcriptomics Reveals Discrete Stages of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis I
| PRJNA1002282 | ENA
Project description:Spatial Co-transcriptomics Reveals Discrete Stages of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis II
| PRJNA1002287 | ENA
Project description:How cells control the proper delivery of vesicles and their associated cargo to specific plasma membrane (PM) domains upon internal or external cues is a major question in plant cell biology. A widely held hypothesis is that expansion of plant exocytotic machinery components, such as SNARE proteins, has led to a diversification of exocytotic membrane trafficking pathways to function in specific biological processes. A key biological process that involves the creation of a specialized PM domain is the formation of a host-microbe interface (the peri-arbuscular membrane) in the symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We have previously shown that the ability to intracellularly host AM fungi correlates with the evolutionary expansion of both v- (VAMP721d/e) and t-SNARE (SYP132α) proteins, that are essential for arbuscule formation in Medicago truncatula. Here we studied to what extent the symbiotic SNAREs are different from their non-symbiotic family members and whether symbiotic SNAREs define a distinct symbiotic membrane trafficking pathway. We show that all tested SYP1 family proteins, and most of the non-symbiotic VAMP72 members, are able to complement the defect in arbuscule formation upon knock-down/-out of their symbiotic counterparts when expressed at sufficient levels. This functional redundancy is in line with the ability of all tested v- and t-SNARE combinations to form SNARE complexes. Interestingly, the symbiotic t-SNARE SYP132α appeared to occur less in complex with v-SNAREs compared to the non-symbiotic syntaxins in arbuscule-containing cells. This correlated with a preferential localization of SYP132α to functional branches of partially collapsing arbuscules, while non-symbiotic syntaxins accumulate at the degrading parts. Overexpression of VAMP721e caused a shift in SYP132α localization toward the degrading parts, suggesting an influence on its endocytic turn-over. These data indicate that the symbiotic SNAREs do not selectively interact to define a symbiotic vesicle trafficking pathway, but that symbiotic SNARE complexes are more rapidly disassembled resulting in a preferential localization of SYP132α at functional arbuscule branches.
| S-EPMC7145992 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2007-03-08 | GSE5477 | GEO
Project description:Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) play an important role in improving plant growth and development. The interaction between phytohormones and AM symbiosis is gradually revealed. Here we examined the effect of Brassinosteroids (BR) on AM symbiosis and discussed the synergistic promotion of plant growth by BR and AM symbiosis. The xylophyta Eucalyptus grandis Hill (E. grandis) was inoculated with AM fungi Rhizoglomus irregularis R197198 (R. irregularis) and treated with different concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 nM) of 24-epibrassinolide (24-epiBL) for 6 weeks. With the increase of 24-epiBL concentration, E. grandis growth was firstly promoted and then inhibited, but inoculation with AM fungi alleviated this inhibition. 24-epiBL and R. irregularis colonization significantly improved E. grandis growth and antioxidant system response, and the synergistic effect was the best. Compared with the control group, 24-epiBL treatment significantly increased the mycorrhizal colonization and arbuscular abundance of AM fungi R. irregular in E. grandis roots. The expression of AM symbiosis maker genes was significantly increased by 24-epiBL treatment. Both 24-epiBL treatment and AM colonization upregulated gibberellins (GA) synthesis genes, but no inhibition caused by GA levels was found. 24-epiBL is a kind of synthetic highly active BR. Based on the results of 24-epiBL treatment, we hypothesized that BR actively regulates AM symbiosis regulates AM symbiosis without affecting GA-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1)-DELLA expression. The synergistic treatment of BR and AM symbiosis can significantly promote the growth and development of plants. IMPORTANCE Brassinosteroids (BR) and Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) symbiosis play an important role in improving plant growth and development. Previous studies have shown that there is a complex regulatory network between phytohormones and AM symbiosis. However, the interactions of BR-signaling and AM symbiosis are still poorly understood. Our results suggest that BR actively regulates the colonization and development of AM fungi, and AM fungal colonization can alleviate the inhibition of plant growth caused by excessive BR. In addition, BR actively regulates AM symbiosis, but does not primarily mediate gibberellins-DELLA interaction. The synergistic treatment of BR and AM symbiosis can significantly promote the growth and development of plants. The conclusions of this study provide a reference for phytohormones-AM symbiosis interaction.
| S-EPMC8672874 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Most flowering plants are able to form endosymbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In this mutualistic association, the fungus colonizes the root cortex and establishes elaborately branched hyphae, called arbuscules, within the cortical cells. Arbuscule development requires the cellular reorganization of both symbionts, and the resulting symbiotic interface functions in nutrient exchange. A plant symbiosis signaling pathway controls the development of the symbiosis. Several components of the pathway have been identified, but transcriptional regulators that control downstream pathways for arbuscule formation are still unknown. Here we show that DELLA proteins, which are repressors of gibberellic acid (GA) signaling and function at the nexus of several signaling pathways, are required for arbuscule formation. Arbuscule formation is severely impaired in a Medicago truncatula Mtdella1/Mtdella2 double mutant; GA treatment of wild-type roots phenocopies the della double mutant, and a dominant DELLA protein (della1-Δ18) enables arbuscule formation in the presence of GA. Ectopic expression of della1-Δ18 suggests that DELLA activity in the vascular tissue and endodermis is sufficient to enable arbuscule formation in the inner cortical cells. In addition, expression of della1-Δ18 restores arbuscule formation in the symbiosis signaling pathway mutant cyclops/ipd3, indicating an intersection between DELLA and symbiosis signaling for arbuscule formation. GA signaling also influences arbuscule formation in monocots, and a Green Revolution wheat variety carrying dominant DELLA alleles shows enhanced colonization but a limited growth response to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.
| S-EPMC3870710 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is functionally important for the nutrition and growth of most terrestrial plants. Nearly all phytohormones are employed by plants to regulate the symbiosis with AM fungi, but the regulatory role of cytokinin (CK) is not well understood. Here, we used transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) with a root-specific or constitutive expression of CK-degrading CKX genes and the corresponding wild-type to investigate whether a lowered content of CK in roots or in both roots and shoots influences the interaction with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. Our data indicates that shoot CK has a positive impact on AM fungal development in roots and on the root transcript level of an AM-responsive phosphate transporter gene (NtPT4). A reduced CK content in roots caused shoot and root growth depression following AM colonization, while neither the uptake of phosphorus or nitrogen nor the root transcript levels of NtPT4 were significantly affected. This suggests that root CK may restrict the C availability from the roots to the fungus thus averting parasitism by AM fungi. Taken together, our study indicates that shoot- and root-borne CK have distinct roles in AM symbiosis. We propose a model illustrating how plants may employ CK to regulate nutrient exchange with the ubiquitous AM fungi.
| S-EPMC5034000 | biostudies-literature