Expression data from a new FACS approach isolated hESC derived endoderm cells using transcription factors
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ABSTRACT: We show that high quality microarray gene expression profiles can be obtained following FACS sorting of cells using combinations of transcription factors. We use this transcription factor FACS (tfFACS) methodology to perform a genomic analysis of hESC-derived endodermal lineages marked by combinations of SOX17, GATA4, and CXCR4, and find that triple positive cells have a much stronger definitive endoderm signature than other combinations of these markers. Additionally, SOX17+GATA4+ cells can be obtained at a much earlier stage of differentiation, prior to expression of CXCR4+ cells, providing an important new tool to isolate this earlier definitive endoderm subtype. Overall, tfFACS represents an advancement in FACS technology which broadly crosses multiple disciplines, most notably in regenerative medicine to redefine cellular populations.
Project description:We show that high quality microarray gene expression profiles can be obtained following FACS sorting of cells using combinations of transcription factors. We use this transcription factor FACS (tfFACS) methodology to perform a genomic analysis of hESC-derived endodermal lineages marked by combinations of SOX17, GATA4, and CXCR4, and find that triple positive cells have a much stronger definitive endoderm signature than other combinations of these markers. Additionally, SOX17+GATA4+ cells can be obtained at a much earlier stage of differentiation, prior to expression of CXCR4+ cells, providing an important new tool to isolate this earlier definitive endoderm subtype. Overall, tfFACS represents an advancement in FACS technology which broadly crosses multiple disciplines, most notably in regenerative medicine to redefine cellular populations. 21 Total samples were analyzed. Samples collected after 5 days of hESC differentiation included SOX17+GATA4+ CXCR4+ cells, unfixed CXCR4+ cells, and unsorted fixed cells. Samples collected after 3 days of differentiation included SOX17+GATA4+ cells, SOX17-GATA- cells, and unsorted fixed cells. As controls, we analyzed both unfixed hESCs and fixed hESCs. All samples contained biological duplicates, triplicates or quadriplicates. We performed hierarchical clustering to demonstrate whether cellular fixation alone could change gene expression. We based this analysis on 1647 transcript clusters with coefficient of variation > 0.5 across the samples and expression values >= 500 in at least 2 out of the 21 samples. We found that fixation and staining steps did not cause distortions in gene expression measurements. This is supported by the fact that fixed and unfixed cells cluster together based upon differentiation stage, not based upon degree of fixation. Furthermore, using GSEA analysis, we found that the SOX17+GATA4+CXCR4+ day 5 cells and day 3 SOX17+GATA4+ were more enriched for compiled gold-standard endodermal genes than the CXCR4+ day 5 population.
Project description:This study aimed to understand the transcriptional networks regulating endoderm specification from HESC and therefore explored the phenotype of CA1 and CA2 HESC constitutively over-expressing SOX7 or SOX17. Cell lines were created using an inducible construct whereby clonal populations containing transgene integration are selected by Neomycin resistance without expressing of the gene of interest (NoCre controls). Transgene expression is induced via Cre-mediated recombination and selected for puromycin resistance (SOX O/E). The phenotype of the resulting cells suggests that SOX7 expressing HESC represent stable extraembryonic endoderm progenitors, while SOX17 expressing HESC represent early definitive endoderm progenitors. Both in vitro and in vivo SOX7 expressing HESC are restricted to the extraembryonic endoderm lineage, while SOX17 expressing HESC demonstrate mesendodermal specificity. In vitro, SOX17 expressing HESC efficiently produce mature definitive endoderm derivatives. The molecular phenotype of the resulting SOX7 and SOX17 expressing HESC was characterized by microarray analysis Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA was extracted from confluent monolayer cultures of SOX7 over-expressing HESC, SOX17 over-expressing HESC, and their respective control parental HESC lines (designated NoCre Sox7 and NoCre Sox17).
Project description:A conserved molecular pathway has emerged controlling endoderm formation in Xenopus zebrafish and mice. Key genes in this pathway include Nodal ligands and transcription factors of the Mix-like paired homeodomain class, Gata4-6 zinc finger factors and Sox17 HMG domain proteins. While a linear epistatic pathway has been proposed, the precise hierarchical relationships between these factors and their downstream targets are largely unresolved. Here we used a combination of microarray analysis and loss-of-function experiments to examine the global regulatory network controlling Xenopus endoderm formation. We identified over 300 transcripts enriched in the gastrula endoderm, including most of the known endoderm regulators as well as over a hundred uncharacterized genes. Surprisingly only 10% of the endoderm transcriptome is regulated as predicted by the current linear model. We find that Nodals, Mixer and Sox17 have both shared and distinct sets of downstream targets and that a number of unexpected autoregulatory loops exist between Sox17 and Gata4-6, Sox17 and Bix1, 2, 4 and between Sox17 and Xnr4. We find that Mixer does not function primarily via Sox17 as previously proposed. This data provides a new insight into the complexity of endoderm formation and will serve as valuable resource for establishing a complete endoderm gene regulatory network. Experiment Overall Design: Define a set of transcripts with enriched expression in the gastrula endoderm of the Xenopus laevis embryo and determine how these are regulated by nodal signaling, Mixer and Sox17 using loss-of-function experiments. For more specific details see Sinner et al., (2006) Global analysis of the transcriptional network controlling Xenopus endoderm formation.
Project description:A conserved molecular pathway has emerged controlling endoderm formation in Xenopus zebrafish and mice. Key genes in this pathway include Nodal ligands and transcription factors of the Mix-like paired homeodomain class, Gata4-6 zinc finger factors and Sox17 HMG domain proteins. While a linear epistatic pathway has been proposed, the precise hierarchical relationships between these factors and their downstream targets are largely unresolved. Here we used a combination of microarray analysis and loss-of-function experiments to examine the global regulatory network controlling Xenopus endoderm formation. We identified over 300 transcripts enriched in the gastrula endoderm, including most of the known endoderm regulators as well as over a hundred uncharacterized genes. Surprisingly only 10% of the endoderm transcriptome is regulated as predicted by the current linear model. We find that Nodals, Mixer and Sox17 have both shared and distinct sets of downstream targets and that a number of unexpected autoregulatory loops exist between Sox17 and Gata4-6, Sox17 and Bix1, 2, 4 and between Sox17 and Xnr4. We find that Mixer does not function primarily via Sox17 as previously proposed. This data provides a new insight into the complexity of endoderm formation and will serve as valuable resource for establishing a complete endoderm gene regulatory network. Keywords: Embryonic, Development. Endoderm, Xenopus, nodal, Sox17, Mixer, microarray, gene regulatory network
Project description:This study aimed to understand the transcriptional networks regulating endoderm specification from HESC and therefore explored the phenotype of CA1 and CA2 HESC constitutively over-expressing SOX7 or SOX17. Cell lines were created using an inducible construct whereby clonal populations containing transgene integration are selected by Neomycin resistance without expressing of the gene of interest (NoCre controls). Transgene expression is induced via Cre-mediated recombination and selected for puromycin resistance (SOX O/E). The phenotype of the resulting cells suggests that SOX7 expressing HESC represent stable extraembryonic endoderm progenitors, while SOX17 expressing HESC represent early definitive endoderm progenitors. Both in vitro and in vivo SOX7 expressing HESC are restricted to the extraembryonic endoderm lineage, while SOX17 expressing HESC demonstrate mesendodermal specificity. In vitro, SOX17 expressing HESC efficiently produce mature definitive endoderm derivatives. The molecular phenotype of the resulting SOX7 and SOX17 expressing HESC was characterized by microarray analysis Keywords: cell line comparison
Project description:Mouse embryonic stem cells containing a Sox17-GFP construct were differentiated using growth factors (Activin A and Wnt3A) to definitive endoderm. Sox17-GFP(+) cells were sorted using fluorescence activated cell sorting and either used for total RNA harvest OR continued in culture in the presence of primary pancreatic mesenchymal cell lines. At the end of 6 serial passages on mesenchyme, the Sox17-GFP(+) cells were again sorted and the RNA was harvested for arrays. Samples were prepared as described in summary, with technical duplicates for each of the following 3 categories: 1. Unpassaged (P0) endoderm, 2. Endoderm passaged 6 times (P6) on mesenchyme 1, and 3. Endoderm passaged 6 times (P6) on mesenchyme 2.
Project description:To determine the role of specific cis-regulatory elements within the Sox17 endoderm-preferential TSS2 promoter, we generated Sox17∆50 mutant animals and surveyed how this mutation altered Sox17 expression. EPCAM+/CXCR4+ endodermal cells were isolated from E10.5 Sox17∆50/∆50 and Sox17+/+ embryos (n = 1 of each genotype). Posterior foregut and midgut regions of embryos were dissected by removal of embryonic head, heart, tail, limb buds, posterior and dorsal body trunk. Sox17+/+ and Sox17Δ50/Δ50 cell samples were labelled with barcodes from 3'CellPlex Kit (10X Genomics) and subsequently pooled together for single isolation, library preparation and sequencing.
Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as fundamental regulators in various biological processes, including embryonic development and cellular differentiation. Despite much progress over the past decade, the genome-wide annotation of lncRNAs remains incomplete and many known non-coding loci are poorly characterized. Here we report the discovery of a previously not annotated lncRNA that is transcribed 230 kb upstream of the SOX17 gene and located within the same topologically isolated domain. We therefore termed it LNCSOX17 and show that it is induced following SOX17 activation, but is more tightly restricted to early definitive endoderm than SOX17. Notably, loss of LNCSOX17 affects crucial functions independent of SOX17 and leads to an aberrant endodermal transcriptome, signaling pathway deregulation, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition defects. Consequently, cells lacking LNCSOX17 cannot further differentiate into more mature endodermal cell types. Our study identified LNCSOX17 and demonstrates its essential role as a new actor in early human endoderm, thereby further expanding the list of functionally important non-coding regulators.
Project description:The aim of this project was to compare the transcriptional profiles of populations of cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells under haematopoietic and endoderm differentiation conditions. We used a reporter line (denoted SOX-RUNX) that carries mCHERRY inserted into the SOX17 locus and GFP inserted into the RUNX1C locus to mark haematopoietic progenitors (Ng et al., Nature Biotechnology, Nov 2016). SOX17 marks both endothelium and early endoderm. SOX17 is absolutely required at all stages of endoderm formation and the gene is also required for normal endothelial formation and subsequent haematopoieisis. We have also shown that RUNX1 is required for all definitive blood cell formation (Bruveris et al., manuscript submitted).
Project description:Mouse embryonic stem cells containing a Sox17-GFP construct were differentiated using growth factors (Activin A and Wnt3A) to definitive endoderm. Sox17-GFP(+) cells were sorted using fluorescence activated cell sorting and either used for total RNA harvest OR continued in culture in the presence of primary pancreatic mesenchymal cell lines. At the end of 6 serial passages on mesenchyme, the Sox17-GFP(+) cells were again sorted and the RNA was harvested for arrays.