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Reconstructing the gene regulatory network that shaped the evolution of larval sensory structure with a long ciliary tuft in Cnidaria.

ABSTRACT: Cnidarians are the only non-bilaterian group to evolve ciliated larvae with an apical sensory organ integrated with neurons, possibly homologous to the bilaterians. Within cnidarians, an apical organ with a ciliary tuft is identified only in sea anemones. Whether this apical tuft has evolved independently in anthozoans or alternatively originated in the eumetazoans and was lost independently in specific groups of cnidarians and bilaterians is uncertain.

ORGANISM(S): Acropora tenuis Aurelia aurita Acropora millepora Nematostella vectensis

PROVIDER: GSE242174 | GEO | 2024/01/17

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Evolutionary conservation of the eumetazoan gene regulatory landscape

Project description:Bilaterian animals differ from other metazoans in their apparent bilateral symmetry and the development of a third germ layer. Both might have facilitated the evolution of the diverse and complex bilaterian body plans. The first cnidarian genome sequence revealed that despite their morphological simplicity, this sister group to all bilaterians shares an immense genomic complexity with vertebrates. This suggested that it might have been the complexity of gene regulation which increased during the evolution of bilaterians. We compared the gene regulatory landscape of cnidarians and bilaterians. To this end we generated the first genome-wide prediction of gene regulatory elements and profiled five epigenetic marks in a non-bilaterian animal, the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. We found that the location of chromatin modifications relative to genes and distal enhancers is conserved among eumetazoans. Surprisingly, the genomic landscape of gene regulatory elements is highly similar between Nematostella and bilaterian model organisms. This suggests that complex regulation of developmental gene expression evolved in eumetazoans without a major increase in complexity in bilaterians. ChIP-seq of p300, RNA Pol2, and five histone modifications in Nematostella vectensis.

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