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SIKs regulate HDAC7 stabilization and cytokine recall in late-stage T cell effector differentiation

ABSTRACT: Understanding the mechanisms underlying the acquisition and maintenance of effector function during T cell differentiation is important to unraveling how these processes can be dysregulated in the context of disease and manipulated for therapeutic intervention. Herein, we report the identification of a novel regulator of murine T cell differentiation through the evaluation of a previously unreported activity of the kinase inhibitor, BioE-1197. Specifically, we demonstrate liver kinase B1 (LKB1) mediated activation of salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) epigenetically regulates cytokine recall potential in effector CD8+ and Th1 cells. Evaluation of this phenotype revealed SIK mediated phosphorylation dependent stabilization of histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) occurred during late-stage effector differentiation. HDAC7 stabilization increased nuclear HDAC7 levels which correlated with both global and cytokine loci specific reductions in the activating transcription mark, histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27Ac). Accordingly, HDAC7 stabilization diminished transcriptional induction of cytokine upon re-stimulation. Inhibition of this pathway during differentiation produced effector T cells epigenetically poised for enhanced cytokine recall. This work identifies a novel target for enhancing effector T cell functionality.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE242482 | GEO | 2023/09/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Using killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 as a marker to distinguish terminal effector cells from memory precursors, we found that despite their diverse cell fates both subsets possessed remarkably similar gene expression profiles and functioned as equally potent killer cells. However, only the memory precursors were capable of making IL-2 thus defining a novel effector cell that was cytotoxic, expressed granzyme B, and produced inflammatory cytokines in addition to IL-2. This effector population then differentiated into long-lived protective memory T cells capable of self-renewal and rapid re-call responses. Mechanistic studies showed that cells that continued to receive antigenic stimulation during the later stages of infection were more likely to become terminal effectors. Importantly, curtailing antigenic stimulation towards the tail-end of the acute infection enhanced the generation of memory cells. These studies support the decreasing potential model of memory differentiation and show that the duration of antigenic stimulation is a critical regulator of memory formation Experiment Overall Design: An important question in memory development is understanding the differences between effector CD8 T cells that die versus effector cells that survive and give rise to memory cells. In this study we provide a comprehensive phenotypic, functional and genomic profiling of terminal effectors and memory precursors, towards better understanding the generation of these subsets. The two effector subsets were FACS purified during the early expansion phase (Days 4-5 post-infection) and extensively analyzed for their phenotypic (eg. CD127, CD62L, CD27, Bcl-2, Granzyme B, etc.) and functional properties (cytokine production, cytotoxicity, homeostatic proliferation, recall proliferation), and gene expression profiles (by genome-wide microarray analyses). Mechanistic studies involving the extent of proliferation and duration of antigen stimulation on memory differentiation potential of effectors were also performed using adoptive transfer techniques.

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SIKs regulate HDAC7 stabilization and cytokine recall in late-stage T cell effector differentiation

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