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Single-plant-omics reveals the cascade of transcriptional changes during the vegetative-to-reproductive transition

ABSTRACT: A population of wild type plants can contain individuals with drastically different flowering times, due to developmental asynchrony. We performed RNA-seq on individual plants from a large population of wild type (Ws-2) Arabidopsis thaliana, sampling a large number (~70) of replicates at one timepoint during the flowering transition. We have characterised a major transcriptomic switch between plants before and after bolting. Applying methods used in single-cell RNA-seq, we used this data to order the plants by their predicted age – which is referred to as a pseudo-time series. In contrast to a traditional RNA-seq time series, this allows us to view changes in gene expression at a fine temporal scale. Importantly, we can infer the order that transcription factors ‘switch on’ during the vegetative to floral transition.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE242681 | GEO | 2023/09/11

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The ability of cells to perceive and translate versatile cues into differential chromatin and transcriptional states is critical for many biological processes1-4. In plants, timely transition to a flowering state is crucial for successful reproduction5-7. EARLY BOLTING IN SHORT DAY (EBS) is a negative transcriptional regulator that prevents premature flowering in Arabidopsis8,9. Here, we revealed that bivalent bromo-adjacent homology (BAH)-plant homeodomain (PHD) reader modules of EBS bind H3K27me3 and H3K4me3, respectively. A subset of EBS-associated genes was co-enriched with H3K4me3, H3K27me3, and the Polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2). Interestingly, EBS adopts an auto-inhibition mode to mediate its binding preference switch between H3K27me3 and H3K4me3. This binding balance is critical because disruption of either EBS-H3K27me3 or EBS-H3K4me3 interaction induces EBS-mediated early floral transition. This study identifies a single bivalent chromatin reader capable of recognizing two antagonistic histone marks and reveals a distinct mechanism of interplay between active and repressive chromatin states.The ability of cells to perceive and translate versatile cues into differential chromatin and transcriptional states is critical for many biological processes1-4. In plants, timely transition to a flowering state is crucial for successful reproduction5-7. EARLY BOLTING IN SHORT DAY (EBS) is a negative transcriptional regulator that prevents premature flowering in Arabidopsis8,9. Here, we revealed that bivalent bromo-adjacent homology (BAH)-plant homeodomain (PHD) reader modules of EBS bind H3K27me3 and H3K4me3, respectively. A subset of EBS-associated genes was co-enriched with H3K4me3, H3K27me3, and the Polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2). Interestingly, EBS adopts an auto-inhibition mode to mediate its binding preference switch between H3K27me3 and H3K4me3. This binding balance is critical because disruption of either EBS-H3K27me3 or EBS-H3K4me3 interaction induces EBS-mediated early floral transition. This study identifies a single bivalent chromatin reader capable of recognizing two antagonistic histone marks and reveals a distinct mechanism of interplay between active and repressive chromatin states.v

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Single-plant-omics reveals the cascade of transcriptional changes during the vegetative-to-reproductive transition

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