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FGF19 and its analog Aldafermin cooperate with MYC to induce aggressive hepatocarcinogenesis

ABSTRACT: Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) gene amplification is a common event in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The protein it encodes acts as a hormone with multiple metabolic functions beneficial for the liver, which has led to the development of analogues for the treatment of metabolic disorders such as Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). The most studied analogue is Aldafermin (NGM282), with previous reports showing the absence of oncogenic properties when given alone. However, potential oncogenic cooperation with frequent disrupted pathways in HCC have not been studied. Here, we used hydrodynamic gene transfer and recombinant protein injection to study oncogenic cooperation between FGF19 and its rodent orthologue FGF15, FGF19 analogue Aldafermin and common HCC events. We found a strong cooperation between FGF15/19 or Aldafermin and hepatocyte overexpression of Myc. The resulting tumours appeared in a short frame (2 to 4 weeks), were well differentiated, and expressed typical HCC markers (alpha foetoprotein and glypican 3). Transcriptomic and pathological analyses showed that Myc/FGF19 and Myc/Aldafermin tumours were almost identical. Our findings could be clinically relevant since clinical studies are currently ongoing in patients with cirrhosis, a condition associated with high susceptibility to HCC development.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE242953 | GEO | 2023/12/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Effect of FGF15 or FGF19 on mouse liver

Project description:Mouse FGF15 and human FGF19 are orthologous proteins that regulate bile acid metabolism. However, other hepatic functions of FGF15/19 are not well characterized. We used microarrays to analyze global hepatic gene expression in mice administered FGF15 or FGF19. Total liver RNA was isolated from wild-type mice administered vehicle, purified FGF15 or recombinant FGF19 for 6 hr via a jugular vein injection as described (Inagaki et al., 2005). Mice did not have access to food throughout the 6 hr treatment, and livers were harvested and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Microarray analyses were performed using the Mouse Genome 430A 2.0 array.

2011-06-07 | E-GEOD-29426 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effect of FGF15 or FGF19 on mouse liver

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2011-06-07 | GSE29426 | GEO

Intestinal FGF15/19 physiologically represses hepatic lipogenesis in the late fed-state by activating SHP and DNMT3A

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2020-09-23 | GSE158359 | GEO

Engineered FGF19 promotes HDL biogenesis and transhepatic cholesterol efflux to prevent atherosclerosis

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FGF19 as a Surgical Factor Contributing to the Metabolic Effects of Gastric Bypass Surgery

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Quantitative liver proteomics identifies FGF19 targets that couple metabolism and proliferation

Project description:Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is a gut-derived peptide hormone that is produced following activation of Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR). FGF19 is secreted and signals to the liver, where it contributes to the homeostasis of bile acid (BA), lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. FGF19 is a promising therapeutic target in metabolic syndrome and cholestatic diseases, but enthusiasm for its use has been tempered by FGF19-mediated induction of proliferation and hepatocellular carcinoma. To inform future rational design of FGF19-variants, we have conducted temporal quantitative proteomic and gene expression analyses to identify FGF19-targets related to metabolism and proliferation. Mice were fasted for 16 hours, and injected with human FGF19 (1 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle. Liver protein extracts (containing 'light' lysine) were mixed 1:1 with a spike-in protein extract from 13C6-lysine metabolically labelled mouse liver (containing 'heavy' lysine) and analysed by LC-MS/MS. Our analyses provide a resource of FGF19 target proteins in the liver. 189 proteins were upregulated (≥ 1.5 folds) and 73 proteins were downregulated (≤ -1.5 folds) by FGF19. FGF19 treatment decreased the expression of proteins involved in fatty acid (FA) synthesis, i.e. Fabp5, Scd1, and Acsl3 and increased the expression of Acox1, involved in FA oxidation. As expected, FGF19 increased the expression of proteins known to drive proliferation (i.e. Tgfbi, Vcam1, Anxa2 and Hdlbp). Importantly, many of the FGF19 targets (i.e. Pdk4, Apoa4, Fas and Stat3) have a dual function in both metabolism and cell proliferation. Therefore, our findings challenge the development of FGF19-variants that uncouple full metabolic benefit from mitogenic potential.

2017-02-15 | PXD005659 | Pride

Feeding activates FGF15-SHP-TFEB-mediated lipophagy in the gut

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Liver ChIP-seq analysis in FGF19-treated mice reveals SHP as a global transcriptional partner of SREBP-2

Project description:Background: Fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19) is an intestinal hormone that mediates postprandial metabolic responses in the liver. The unusual orphan nuclear receptor, Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP), acts as a co-repressor for many transcriptional factors and has been implicated in diverse biological pathways including FGF19-mediated repression of bile acid synthesis. To explore global functions of SHP in mediating FGF19 action, we identify genome-wide SHP binding sites in hepatic chromatin in mice treated with vehicle or FGF19 by ChIP-seq analysis. Results: The overall pattern of SHP binding sites between these two groups is similar, but SHP binding is enhanced at the sites by addition of FGF19. SHP binding is detected preferentially in promoter regions that are enriched in motifs for unexpected non-nuclear receptors. We observe global co-localization of SHP sites with published sites for SREBP-2, a master transcriptional activator of cholesterol biosynthesis. FGF19 increases functional interaction between endogenous SHP and SREBP-2 and inhibits SREBP-2 target genes, and these effects were blunted in SHP-knockout mice. Furthermore, FGF19-induced phosphorylation of SHP at Thr-55 is shown to be important for its functional interaction with SREBP-2 and reduction of liver/serum cholesterol levels. Conclusion: This study reveals SHP as a global transcriptional partner of SREBP-2 in regulation of sterol biosynthetic gene networks and provides a potential mechanism for cholesterol-lowering action of FGF19. Genome-wide SHP binding profiles in hepatic chromatin in mice under treatment of FGF19 or vehicle were generated using high throughput sequencing followed by chromatin immunoprecipitation.

2015-11-12 | E-GEOD-74913 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Liver ChIP-seq analysis in FGF19-treated mice reveals SHP as a global transcriptional partner of SREBP-2

2015-11-12 | GSE74913 | GEO

Next generation sequencing identifies paraneoplastic effects of tumor-derived FGF19 on murine liver transcriptomes

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2021-11-15 | GSE188745 | GEO

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