Similar Datasets
Project description:Zygotic gene activation (ZGA) is the first transcription event in life, and is associated with extensive epigenetic reprogramming, which is involved with dynamic incorporation of histone variant H3.3. H3.3 plays essential roles during mouse pre-implantation development. However, the coexistence of distinct sources of H3.3 in early embryos, including paternal and maternal allele-expressed H3.3 (paH3.3 and maH3.3), complicates our ability to track their individual dynamics, which may have distinct roles in embryonic development. In this study, by taking advantage of our H3.3B-HA-tagged mouse model, we illustrated the paH3.3 and maH3.3 landscapes in mouse early embryos, and described the manner of maternal mRNAs-derived H3.3 (mH3.3) on paternal genome reprogramming. We found the deposition of mH3.3 is required for cleavage development and minor ZGA, mechanistically, by mH3.3S31p-meditated acetylation at lysine 27. And, we propose that the mH3.3K27ac modification displaces the repressive histone modifications, thus enabling the activation of minor ZGA genes. Taken together, we demonstrate the central role of mH3.3 in reprogramming parental genomes by establishment of H3K27ac.
2024-09-12 | GSE242959 | GEO
Project description:Zygotic gene activation (ZGA) is the first transcription event in life, and is associated with extensive epigenetic reprogramming, which is involved with dynamic incorporation of histone variant H3.3. H3.3 plays essential roles during mouse pre-implantation development. However, the coexistence of distinct sources of H3.3 in early embryos, including paternal and maternal allele-expressed H3.3 (paH3.3 and maH3.3), complicates our ability to track their individual dynamics, which may have distinct roles in embryonic development. In this study, by taking advantage of our H3.3B-HA-tagged mouse model, we illustrated the paH3.3 and maH3.3 landscapes in mouse early embryos, and described the manner of maternal mRNAs-derived H3.3 (mH3.3) on paternal genome reprogramming. We found the deposition of mH3.3 is required for cleavage development and minor ZGA, mechanistically, by mH3.3S31p-meditated acetylation at lysine 27. And, we propose that the mH3.3K27ac modification displaces the repressive histone modifications, thus enabling the activation of minor ZGA genes. Taken together, we demonstrate the central role of mH3.3 in reprogramming parental genomes by establishment of H3K27ac.
2024-09-12 | GSE242958 | GEO
Project description:Zygotic gene activation (ZGA) is the first transcription event in life, and is associated with extensive epigenetic reprogramming, which is involved with dynamic incorporation of histone variant H3.3. H3.3 plays essential roles during mouse pre-implantation development. However, the coexistence of distinct sources of H3.3 in early embryos, including paternal and maternal allele-expressed H3.3 (paH3.3 and maH3.3), complicates our ability to track their individual dynamics, which may have distinct roles in embryonic development. In this study, by taking advantage of our H3.3B-HA-tagged mouse model, we illustrated the paH3.3 and maH3.3 landscapes in mouse early embryos, and described the manner of maternal mRNAs-derived H3.3 (mH3.3) on paternal genome reprogramming. We found the deposition of mH3.3 is required for cleavage development and minor ZGA, mechanistically, by mH3.3S31p-meditated acetylation at lysine 27. And, we propose that the mH3.3K27ac modification displaces the repressive histone modifications, thus enabling the activation of minor ZGA genes. Taken together, we demonstrate the central role of mH3.3 in reprogramming parental genomes by establishment of H3K27ac.
2024-09-12 | GSE242957 | GEO
Project description:Elucidation of the sequence of events underlying the dynamic interaction between transcription factors and chromatin states is essential. Maternal transcription factors function at the top of the regulatory hierarchy to specify the primary germ layers at the onset of zygotic genome activation (ZGA). We focus on the formation of endoderm progenitor cells and examine the interactions between maternal transcription factors and chromatin state changes underlying the cell specification process. Endoderm-specific factors Otx1 and Vegt together with Foxh1 orchestrate endoderm formation by coordinated binding to select regulatory regions. These interactions occur before the deposition of enhancer histone marks around the regulatory regions, and these TFs recruit RNA polymerase II, regulate enhancer activity, and establish super-enhancers associated with important endodermal genes. Therefore, maternal transcription factors Otx1, Vegt, and Foxh1 combinatorially regulate the activity of super-enhancers, which in turn activate key lineage-specifying genes during ZGA.
| S-EPMC6610736 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAfter fertilization, the fusion of gametes results in the formation of totipotent zygote. During sperm-egg fusion, maternal factors participate in parental chromatin remodeling. H3.3 is a histone H3 variant that plays essential roles in mouse embryogenesis.MethodsHere, we used transgenic early embryos expressing H3.3-eGFP or H2B-mCherry to elucidate changes of histone mobility.ResultsWe used FRAP analysis to identify that maternally stored H3.3 has a more significant change than H2B during maternal-to-embryonic transition. We also found that H3.3 mobile fraction, which may be regulated by de novo H3.3 incorporation, reflects chromatin compaction of parental genomes in GV oocytes and early embryos.ConclusionsOur results show that H3.3 kinetics in GV oocytes and early embryos is highly correlated with chromatin compaction status of parental genomes, indicating critical roles of H3.3 in higher-order chromatin organization.
| S-EPMC8194155 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Paternal genome reprogramming, such as protamine-histone exchange and global DNA demethylation, is crucial for the development of fertilised embryos. Previously, our study showed that one of histone arginine methylation, asymmetrically dimethylated histone H3R17 (H3R17me2a), is necessary for epigenetic reprogramming in the mouse paternal genome. However, roles of histone arginine methylation in reprogramming after fertilisation are still poorly understood. Here, we report that H3R2me2s promotes global transcription at the 1-cell stage, referred to as minor zygotic genome activation (ZGA). The inhibition of H3R2me2s by expressing a histone H3.3 mutant H3.3R2A prevented embryonic development from the 2-cell to 4-cell stages and significantly reduced global RNA synthesis and RNA polymerase II (Pol II) activity. Consistent with this result, the expression levels of MuERV-L as minor ZGA transcripts were decreased by forced expression of H3.3R2A. Furthermore, treatment with an inhibitor and co-injection of siRNA to PRMT5 and PRMT7 also resulted in the attenuation of transcriptional activities with reduction of H3R2me2s in the pronuclei of zygotes. Interestingly, impairment of H3K4 methylation by expression of H3.3K4M resulted in a decrease of H3R2me2s in male pronuclei. Our findings suggest that H3R2me2s together with H3K4 methylation is involved in global transcription during minor ZGA in mice.
| S-EPMC8115239 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mature oocyte cytoplasm can reprogram somatic cell nuclei to the pluripotent state through a series of sequential events including protein exchange between the donor nucleus and ooplasm, chromatin remodeling, and pluripotency gene reactivation. Maternal factors that are responsible for this reprogramming process remain largely unidentified. Here, we demonstrate that knockdown of histone variant H3.3 in mouse oocytes results in compromised reprogramming and down-regulation of key pluripotency genes; and this compromised reprogramming for developmental potentials and transcription of pluripotency genes can be rescued by injecting exogenous H3.3 mRNA, but not H3.2 mRNA, into oocytes in somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. We show that maternal H3.3, and not H3.3 in the donor nucleus, is essential for successful reprogramming of somatic cell nucleus into the pluripotent state. Furthermore, H3.3 is involved in this reprogramming process by remodeling the donor nuclear chromatin through replacement of donor nucleus-derived H3 with de novo synthesized maternal H3.3 protein. Our study shows that H3.3 is a crucial maternal factor for oocyte reprogramming and provides a practical model to directly dissect the oocyte for its reprogramming capacity.
| S-EPMC4034224 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In mice, transcription initiates at the mid-one-cell stage and transcriptional activity dramatically increases during the two-cell stage, a process called zygotic gene activation (ZGA). Associated with ZGA is a marked change in the pattern of gene expression that occurs after the second round of DNA replication. To distinguish ZGA before and after the second-round DNA replication, the former and latter are called minor and major ZGA, respectively. Although major ZGA are required for development beyond the two-cell stage, the function of minor ZGA is not well understood. Transiently inhibiting minor ZGA with 5, 6-dichloro-1-?-d-ribofuranosyl-benzimidazole (DRB) resulted in the majority of embryos arresting at the two-cell stage and retention of the H3K4me3 mark that normally decreases. After release from DRB, at which time major ZGA normally occurred, transcription initiated with characteristics of minor ZGA but not major ZGA, although degradation of maternal mRNA normally occurred. Thus, ZGA occurs sequentially starting with minor ZGA that is critical for the maternal-to-zygotic transition.
| S-EPMC6055165 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Upon fertilization, maternal factors direct development in a transcriptionally silent embryo. At the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), a universal step in animal development, unknown maternal factors trigger zygotic genome activation (ZGA). In zebrafish, ZGA is required for gastrulation and clearance of maternal mRNAs, which is achieved in part by the conserved microRNA miR-430. However, the precise factors that activate the zygotic program remain largely unknown. Here we show that Nanog, Pou5f1 and SoxB1 are required for genome activation in zebrafish. We identified several hundred genes directly activated by maternal factors, thus constituting the first wave of zygotic transcription in zebrafish. Ribosome profiling in the pre-MZT embryo revealed that nanog, sox19b and pou5f1 are the most highly translated transcription factor mRNAs. Combined loss of function for Nanog, SoxB1 and Pou5f1 resulted in developmental arrest prior to gastrulation, and a failure to activate >75% of zygotic genes. Furthermore, we found that Nanog binds the miR-430 locus and together with Pou5f1 and SoxB1 initiate miR-430 expression and activity. Our results demonstrate that maternal Nanog, Pou5f1 and SoxB1 are required to initiate the zygotic developmental program and in turn trigger the clearance of the maternal program by activating miR-430 expression. Wild type and loss-of-function total mRNA sequencing of embryonic transcriptomes pre- and post-MZT; ribosome profiling pre-MZT
2013-09-22 | E-GEOD-47558 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:After fertilization, maternal factors direct development and trigger zygotic genome activation (ZGA) at the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). In zebrafish, ZGA is required for gastrulation and clearance of maternal messenger RNAs, which is in part regulated by the conserved microRNA miR-430. However, the factors that activate the zygotic program in vertebrates are unknown. Here we show that Nanog, Pou5f1 (also called Oct4) and SoxB1 regulate zygotic gene activation in zebrafish. We identified several hundred genes directly activated by maternal factors, constituting the first wave of zygotic transcription. Ribosome profiling revealed that nanog, sox19b and pou5f1 are the most highly translated transcription factors pre-MZT. Combined loss of these factors resulted in developmental arrest before gastrulation and a failure to activate >75% of zygotic genes, including miR-430. Our results demonstrate that maternal Nanog, Pou5f1 and SoxB1 are required to initiate the zygotic developmental program and induce clearance of the maternal program by activating miR-430 expression.
| S-EPMC3925760 | biostudies-literature