Transcriptomic analysis of human gastric cancer cell lines following T-DXd treatment
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE245851 | GEO | 2024/10/20
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:A subgroup of patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers shows long-term response under trastuzumab maintenance monotherapy. Obviously, HER2 status alone is not able to identify these patients. We performed this study to identify potential new prognostic biomarkers for this long-term responding patient group. Tumor samples of 18 patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer who underwent trastuzumab treatment were retrospectively collected from multiple centers. Patients were divided into long-term responding (n=6) or fast-progression group (n=12) according to progression-free survival (PFS≥12 months vs PFS<12 months).We performed microarray-based gene expression analysis to investigate differences in immune cell populations between the patient groups.
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Project description:The antibody trastuzumab in combination with platin-fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy is the standard of care for patients with HER2-positive recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer. Alternative treatment options and biomarkers for prediction of therapy response are needed since some patients do not respond to trastuzumab therapy or develop acquired resistance. We compared the molecular effects of trastuzumab and other HER-targeting drugs cetuximab and afatinib. We also tested the hypothesis that the treatment-dependent regulation of a gene indicates its importance for response, and therefore it may be used as biomarker for patient stratification. The four gastric cancer cell lines Hs746T, MKN1, MKN7 and NCI-N87 were treated with EGF, cetuximab, trastuzumab or afatinib for 4 or 24 hours. The effect on gene expression was then measured by RNA sequencing and the resulting candidate biomarkers were tested in an available cohort of gastric cancer patients or were functionally analyzed in vitro. Treatment with afatinib resulted in the highest number of regulated genes, followed by cetuximab and trastuzumab. Although trastuzumab had little effects on gene expression, we identified BMF, HAS2 and SHB as candidate biomarkers for trastuzumab response. HAS2 and SHB were confirmed as potential predictive markers for trastuzumab therapy response in clinical specimens. AREG, EREG and HBEGF were identified as candidate biomarkers for afatinib and cetuximab treatment. The functional analysis confirmed HBEGF as resistance factor for cetuximab. By confirming HAS2, SHB and HBEGF as biomarkers for anti-HER therapies, we provide evidence that the regulation of gene expression after treatment can be used for biomarker discovery.
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Project description:Trastuzumab constitutes the fundamental component of initial therapy for patients with advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)- positive gastric cancer (GC). However, the efficacy of this treatment is hindered by substantial challenges associated with both primary and acquired drug resistance. While S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2) overexpression has been implicated in the malignant progression of GC, its role in regulating trastuzumab resistance in this context remains uncertain. Despite the numerous studies investigating Skp2 inhibitors among small molecule compounds and natural products, there has been a lack of successful commercialization of drugs specifically targeting Skp2.To discover a Skp2 blocker among currently available medications and develop a therapeutic strategy for HER2- positive GC patients who have experienced progression following trastuzumab-based treatment.
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Project description:The use of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with docetaxel for initial treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer patients has resulted in notable clinical benefits in comparison to docetaxel administered with trastuzumab alone. Nevertheless, although therapeutic success is evident at the outset, the majority of tumours eventually advance, rendering metastatic disease and subsequent recurrence in patients who have developed acquired resistance. There is an urgent requirement to enhance our comprehension of the mechanisms governing resistance, enabling us to develop targeted therapeutic approaches to improve efficacy. We produced four HER2-positive-derived cell lines through prolonged exposure to trastuzumab and pertuzumab, determining their resistance rates. We confirmed long-term resistance through a notable increase in colony formation capacity of the derived cells. We confirmed the molecular identity of the new cell lines using immunohistochemistry of their receptors and profiling of point mutations. We detected HER2 overexpression in all cell lines and resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab did not result in variations in ER, PR and HER2 receptor expression. Finally, a study using proteomics analysis confirmed a significant alteration in the abundance patterns of over 600 proteins. This has implications for various vital biological processes such as ribosome creation, mitochondrial functionality, and metabolism. These mechanisms may play a crucial role in developing resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer. We conclude that these BCCLs resistant to trastuzumab plus pertuzumab-based anti-HER2 therapy could be a useful resource to enhance comprehension of resistance acquisition mechanisms.
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Abstract
The cellular and molecular mechanisms of immunomodulatory actions of glucocorticoids (GC) remain to be identified. Using our experimental findings, a mathematical model based on a system of ordinary differential equations for characterization of the regulation of anti-tumor immune activity by the both direct and indirect GC effects was generated to study the effects of GC treatment on effector CD8+ T cells, GC-generated tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC), regulatory T cells and the growth of lymphoma cells. In addition, we compared the data from in vivo and in silico experiments. The mathematical simulations indicated that treatment with GCs may suppress anti-tumor immune response in a dose-dependent manner. The model simulations were in line with earlier experimental observations of inhibitory effects of GCs on T and NK cells and DCs. The results of this study might be useful for predicting clinical outcomes in patients receiving GC therapy.
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