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Eomes regulates mitochondrial function and promotes survival of pathogenic CD4+ T cells during chronic inflammation [CUT&RUN]

ABSTRACT: The tissue accumulation of T cells expressing the transcription factor Eomesodermin (Eomes) has been reported in several chronic inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis. However, the mechanisms whereby Eomes controls this accumulation and strengthens inflammation remains ill-defined. Here, we show that Eomes deletion in antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is sufficient to protect against central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. We demonstrate that Eomes is dispensable for the initial priming of CD4+ T cells but is required for long-term maintenance of CNS-infiltrating CD4+ T cells. Our transcriptomic studies reveal that the impact Eomes on effector CD4+ T cell longevity is associated with sustained expression of multiple genes involved in mitochondrial organization and function. Accordingly, epigenetic studies demonstrate that Eomes supports mitochondrial function by direct binding to either metabolism-associated genes or mitochondrial transcriptional modulators. Besides, the significance of these findings was confirmed in both healthy donors and multiple sclerosis patients. CD4+ T cells expressing Eomes exhibit enhanced mitochondrial functions, which resulted in their increased capacity to survive upon prolonged in vitro stimulation. Together, our data reveal a new mechanism by which Eomes promotes severity and chronicity of inflammation via the enhancement of CD4+ T cell mitochondrial functions and resistance to stress-induced cell death.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE247861 | GEO | 2023/12/23

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Eomes regulates mitochondrial function and promotes survival of pathogenic CD4+ T cells during chronic inflammation [RNA-seq]

Project description:The tissue accumulation of T cells expressing the transcription factor Eomesodermin (Eomes) has been reported in several chronic inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis. However, the mechanisms whereby Eomes controls this accumulation and strengthens inflammation remains ill-defined. Here, we show that Eomes deletion in antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is sufficient to protect against central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. We demonstrate that Eomes is dispensable for the initial priming of CD4+ T cells but is required for long-term maintenance of CNS-infiltrating CD4+ T cells. Our transcriptomic studies reveal that the impact Eomes on effector CD4+ T cell longevity is associated with sustained expression of multiple genes involved in mitochondrial organization and function. Accordingly, epigenetic studies demonstrate that Eomes supports mitochondrial function by direct binding to either metabolism-associated genes or mitochondrial transcriptional modulators. Besides, the significance of these findings was confirmed in both healthy donors and multiple sclerosis patients. CD4+ T cells expressing Eomes exhibit enhanced mitochondrial functions, which resulted in their increased capacity to survive upon prolonged in vitro stimulation. Together, our data reveal a new mechanism by which Eomes promotes severity and chronicity of inflammation via the enhancement of CD4+ T cell mitochondrial functions and resistance to stress-induced cell death.

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Eomes regulates mitochondrial function and promotes survival of pathogenic CD4+ T cells during chronic inflammation [ATAC-seq]

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Project description:The T-box transcription factors T-bet and Eomesodermin regulate type 1 immune responses in innate and adaptive lymphocytes. T-bet is widely expressed in the immune system but was initially identified as the lineage-specifying transcription factor of Th1 CD4+ T cells, where it governs expression of the signature cytokine IFN-g and represses alternative cell fates like Th2 and Th17. T-bet’s paralog Eomes is less abundantly expressed and Eomes+ CD4+ T cells can mostly be found in the context of persistent antigen exposure, like bone marrow transplantation, chronic infection or inflammation as well as malignant disorders. However, it has remained unresolved whether Eomes executes similar transcriptional activities as T-bet in CD4+ T cells. Here we show in a novel genetic model that the expression of Eomes in CD4+ T cells drives a distinct transcriptional program that shows only partial overlap with T-bet. We found that Eomes was sufficient to induce the expression of the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 and, together with T-bet, promoted a cytotoxic effector profile, including Prf1, Gzmb, Gzmk, Nkg7 and Ccl5, while repressing alternative cell fates. Our results demonstrate that Eomes+ CD4+ T cells, which are often found in the context of chronic antigen stimulation, are likely to be a unique CD4+ T cell subset with the potential to limit inflammation and immunopathology as well as to eliminate antigen-presenting and malignant cells.

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EOMES interacts with RUNX3 and BRG1 to promote innate memory cell formation through epigenetic reprogramming

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Eomes regulates mitochondrial function and promotes survival of pathogenic CD4+ T cells during chronic inflammation

Project description:Eomes regulates mitochondrial function and promotes survival of pathogenic CD4+ T cells during chronic inflammation

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