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Endogenous Nodal switches Wnt interpretation from posteriorization to germ layer differentiation in geometrically constrained human pluripotent cells

ABSTRACT: We conducted bulk RNA sequencing on cells sorted by fluorescence from micropatterned colonies treated with FGF8 and different concentrations of WNT3a, using a SOX2::mCitrine cell line to distinguish between SOX2 positive and negative cells. The sequencing revealed that SOX2 negative cells exhibited a definitive endoderm identity, while SOX2 positive cells showed epiblast identity.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE263291 | GEO | 2024/04/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Endogenous Nodal switches Wnt interpretation from posteriorization to germ layer differentiation in geometrically constrained human pluripotent cells.

Project description:The Wnt pathway is essential for inducing the primitive streak, the precursor of the mesendoderm, as well as setting anterior-posterior coordinates. How Wnt coordinates these diverse activities remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that in Wnt-treated human pluripotent cells, endogenous Nodal signaling is a crucial switch between posteriorizing and primitive streak-including activities. While treatment with Wnt posteriorizes cells in standard culture, in micropatterned colonies, higher levels of endogenously induced Nodal signaling combine with exogenous Wnt to drive endoderm differentiation. Inhibition of Nodal signaling restores dose-dependent posteriorization by Wnt. In the absence of Nodal inhibition, micropatterned colonies undergo spontaneous, elaborate morphogenesis concomitant with endoderm differentiation even in the absence of added extracellular matrix proteins like Matrigel. Our study shows how Wnt and Nodal combinatorially coordinate germ layer differentiation with AP patterning and establishes a system to study a natural self-organizing morphogenetic event in in vitro culture.

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Endogenous Nodal switches Wnt interpretation from posteriorization to germ layer differentiation in geometrically constrained human pluripotent cells

Project description:Endogenous Nodal switches Wnt interpretation from posteriorization to germ layer differentiation in geometrically constrained human pluripotent cells

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Notch1 switches progenitor competence in inducing medulloblastoma

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Dissecting the grey zone between follicular lymphoma and nodal marginal zone lymphoma using morphological and genetic features

Project description:Nodal marginal zone lymphoma is a poorly defined entity in the WHO classification, largely based on criteria by exclusion and the diagnosis often remains subjective. Follicular Lymphoma lacking t(14;18), have similar characteristics which results in a major potential diagnostic overlap which this study aims to dissect. Four subgroups of lymphoma samples (n=56) were analyzed with high-resolution arrayCGH; Nodal marginal zone lymphoma, t(14;18)-negative Follicular Lymphoma, localized t(14:18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma and disseminated t(14;18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma. Gains on chromosomes 7, 8 and 12 were observed in all subgroups. The mean number of aberrations was higher in disseminated t(14;18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma compared to localized t(14:18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma (p<0.01) and the majority of alterations in localized t(14:18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma were also found in disseminated t(14;18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma. Nodal marginal zone lymphoma was marked by 3q gains with amplifications of four genes. A different overall pattern of aberrations was seen in t(14;18)-negative Follicular Lymphoma compared to t(14;18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma. t(14;18)-negative Follicular Lymphoma is marked by specific (focal) gains on chromosome 3 as observed in Nodal marginal zone lymphoma. Our results support the notion that localized t(14:18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma represents an early phase of disseminated t(14;18)-positive Follicular Lymphoma. t(14;18)-negative Follicular Lymphoma bears aberrations that are more alike Nodal marginal zone lymphoma, suggesting a relation between these groups.

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Competitive binding of E3 ligases TRIM26 and WWP2 controls SOX2 in glioblastoma

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Dissecting the grey zone between follicular lymphoma and nodal marginal zone lymphoma using morphological and genetic features

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Activin/nodal signaling switches the terminal fate of human embryonic stem cell-derived trophoblasts.

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Polycomb Group Protein Pcgf6 Acts as a Master Regulator to Maintain Embryonic Stem Cell Identity

Project description:We report that the PRC1 component polycomb group ring finger 6 (Pcgf6) is required to maintain embryonic stem cell (ESC) identity. In contrast to canonical PRC1, Pcgf6 acts as a positive regulator of transcription and binds predominantly to promoters bearing active chromatin marks.Â Pcgf6Â is expressed at high levels in ESCs, and knockdown reduces the expression of the core ESC regulatorsÂ Oct4,Sox2, andÂ Nanog. Conversely,Â Pcgf6Â overexpression prevents downregulation of these factors and impairs differentiation. In addition, Pcgf6 enhanced reprogramming in both mouse and human somatic cells. The genomic binding profile of Pcgf6 is highly similar to that of trithorax group proteins, but not of PRC1 or PRC2 complexes, suggesting that Pcgf6 functions atypically in ESCs. Our data reveal novel roles for Pcgf6 in directly regulatingÂ Oct4,Â Nanog,Â Sox2, andÂ Lin28 expression to maintain ESC identity. To identify Pcgf6-bound genomic DNA regions in mouse embryonic stem cells, we fixed mouse ESCs and isolated Pcgf6-bound genomic DNA regions for deep sequencing analysis.

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