Intratracheal instillation of quaternary ammonium compounds in rats
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE263314 | GEO | 2024/04/08
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:In this work we study the pulmonary toxicological properties of Mitsui-7 and NM-403 using molecular toxicological approach. For this, we exposed Sprague Dawley rats by intratracheal instillation. Lung samples have been collected 3 days after the end of exposure and transcriptomics analysis were performed.
2023-08-28 | GSE214574 | GEO
Project description:Preservation or restoration of normal alveolar epithelial barrier function is crucial for pulmonary oedema resolution. Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2), a potent epithelial cell mitogen, may have a role in preventing ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), which occurs frequently in mechanically ventilated patients. The aim of the study was to test the role of KGF-2 in VILI in rats. Forty healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into four groups, where rats in Groups HVZP (high-volume zero positive end-expiratory pressure) and HVZP+KGF-2 were given intratracheally equal PBS and 5 mg/kg KGF-2 72 hrs before 4 hrs HVZP ventilation (20 ml/kg), respectively, while PBS and KGF-2 were administered in the same manner in Groups Control and KGF-2, which underwent tracheotomy only with spontaneous breathing. Inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-?, macrophage inflammatory protein 2), neutrophil and total protein levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and surfactant protein mRNA expression in lung tissue were detected; the number of alveolar type II cells, lung water content and lung morphology were also evaluated. The results indicate that pre-treatment with KGF-2 showed dramatic improvement in lung oedema and inflammation compared with HVZP alone, together with increased surfactant protein mRNA and alveolar type II cells. Our results suggest that KGF-2 might be considered a promising prevention for human VILI or other acute lung injury diseases.
| S-EPMC4508161 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ninety-seven epidemiologically unrelated strains of Listeria monocytogenes were investigated for their sensitivities to quaternary ammonium compounds (benzalkonium chloride and cetrimide). The MICs for seven serogroup 1/2 strains were high. Three came from the environment and four came from food; none were isolated from human or animal samples. All 97 strains carried the mdrL gene, which encodes a multidrug efflux pump, and the orfA gene, a putative transcriptional repressor of mdrL. The absence of plasmids in four of the seven resistant strains and the conservation of resistance after plasmid curing suggested that the resistance genes are not plasmid borne. Moreover, PCR amplification and Southern blot hybridization experiments failed to find genes phylogenetically related to the qacA and smr genes, encoding multidrug efflux systems previously described for the genus Staphylococcus. The high association between nontypeability by phages and the loss of sensitivity to quaternary ammonium compounds are suggestive of an intrinsic resistance due to modifications in the cell wall.
| S-EPMC92423 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted an important role for drug repurposing. Quaternary ammonium compounds such as ammonium chloride, cetylpyridinium and miramistin represent widely accessible antiseptic molecules with well-known broad-spectrum antiviral activities and represent a repurposing opportunity as therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2.
| S-EPMC7247743 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Methacrylate analogs of quaternary ammonium salts functionalized with carboxylic (AMadh1 68.8% yield, AMadh2 53.2% yield) and methoxysilane (AMsil1 94.8% yield, AMsil2 36.0% yield) groups were synthesized via Menschutkin reaction. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H, 13C and 2D 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR), mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were utilized to validate structures and characterize thermal properties of the novel multifunctional quaternary ammonium salts synthesized. The potential adhesive, coupling and antimicrobial properties of these multifunctional monomers encourage their further comprehensive evaluation in conventional and experimental copolymers and composites.
| S-EPMC6515548 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Multi-walled carbon nanotube-7 (MWCNT-7) fibers are biopersistent and have a structure similar to asbestos. MWCNT-7 has been shown to induce malignant mesothelioma when administered by intrascrotal or intraperitoneal injection in rats and mice, and an inhalation study demonstrated that rats exposed to respirable MWCNT-7 developed lung tumors. MWCNT-N, which is similar to MWCNT-7, was shown to induce both lung tumors and malignant mesothelioma in rats when administered by trans-tracheal intrapulmonary spraying (TIPS). The present study was performed to investigate the carcinogenicity of MWCNT-7 when administered by the TIPS method. Ten-week-old male F344/Crj rats were divided into 3 groups and administered 0.5 mL vehicle, 0.250 ?g/mL MWCNT-7 or 0.250 ?g/mL crocidolite once a week for 12 weeks (total doses of 1.5 mg/rat) and then observed for up to 104 weeks. Rats in the MWCNT-7 group began to die from pathologies associated with the development of malignant mesothelioma 35 weeks after the final TIPS administration. Overall, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma in the MWCNT-7 group was significantly higher than in the vehicle or crocidolite groups.
| S-EPMC6676138 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveInhalation of ozone activates central sympathetic-adrenal-medullary and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axes. While airway neural networks are known to communicate noxious stimuli to higher brain centers, it is not known to what extent responses generated from pulmonary airways contribute to neuroendocrine activation.Materials and methodsUnlike inhalational exposures that involve the entire respiratory tract, we employed intratracheal (IT) instillations to expose only pulmonary airways to either soluble metal-rich residual oil fly ash (ROFA) or compressor-generated diesel exhaust particles (C-DEP). Male Wistar-Kyoto rats (12-13 weeks) were IT instilled with either saline, C-DEP or ROFA (5 mg/kg) and necropsied at 4 or 24 hr to assess temporal effects.ResultsIT-instillation of particulate matter (PM) induced hyperglycemia as early as 30-min and glucose intolerance when measured at 2 hr post-exposure. We observed PM- and time-specific effects on markers of pulmonary injury/inflammation (ROFA>C-DEP; 24 hr>4hr) as corroborated by increases in lavage fluid injury markers, neutrophils (ROFA>C-DEP), and lymphocytes (ROFA). Increases in lavage fluid pro-inflammatory cytokines differed between C-DEP and ROFA in that C-DEP caused larger increases in TNF-α whereas ROFA caused larger increases in IL-6. No increases in circulating cytokines occurred. At 4 hr, PM impacts on neuroendocrine activation were observed through depletion of circulating leukocytes, increases in adrenaline (ROFA), and decreases in thyroid-stimulating-hormone, T3, prolactin, luteinizing-hormone, and testosterone. C-DEP and ROFA both increased lung expression of genes involved in acute stress and inflammatory processes. Moreover, small increases occurred in hypothalamic Fkbp5, a glucocorticoid-sensitive gene.ConclusionRespiratory alterations differed between C-DEP and ROFA, with ROFA inducing greater overall lung injury/inflammation; however, both PM induced a similar degree of neuroendocrine activation. These findings demonstrate neuroendocrine activation after pulmonary-only PM exposure, and suggest the involvement of pituitary- and adrenal-derived hormones.
| S-EPMC10590194 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Exposure to nanomaterials (NM) during sensitive stages of development may predispose organisms to diseases later in life. However, direct translocation of NM from mother to fetus through the placenta is limited. The present study tests the hypothesis that pulmonary exposure to NM and NM-induced stress, such as inflammation during gestation, can lead to secondary effects in the growing fetus. Time mated C57BL/6BomTac mice were exposed by intratracheal instillation to vehicle (Milli Q water) or one of three concentrations (2.75, 13.5 or 67 µg/animal) of carbon black Printex 90 (CB) dispersions on gestational days 7, 10, 15 and 18 to a total final dose of 11, 54 or 268 µg/animal. Male and female newborns were sacrificed on day 2 after birth (PND2, 4 days after the last maternal exposure) and dams were sacrificed after weaning of offspring (26-27 days post-exposure). Histopathology, DNA microarrays, pathway-specific RT-PCR arrays, focussed RT-PCR, and tissue protein analysis were employed to characterize pulmonary response in dams exposed to CB during gestation. Gene expression profiles in newborn livers were interpreted in light of toxic effects of CB to dams indicated by gene expression profiles of dam lungs. Although retention of CB particles was observed in dams from both medium and high dose groups, neutrophil-marked inflammation was significant only in the high dose group dams. Inflammation in dams was accompanied by altered expression of several cytokines and chemokines both at the transcriptional and tissue protein levels. Analysis of newborn livers by DNA microarrays revealed that female offspring were much more sensitive to maternal stress than males. Cellular signalling, inflammation, immune response, cell cycle and lipid metabolism were among the biological pathways affected in female offspring. Males however, responded with subtle changes in genes involved in metabolism. At present, the implications of altered biological pathways in offspring in response to in utero exposure to particles are not well understood. Further investigation will be required to determine if there are long term consequences to offspring in terms of health and responses to environmental stresses. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2012-04-02 | GSE29764 | GEO
Project description:Abundant ammonium nutrition impairs plant growth, i.e. ammonium toxicity, the primary cause of which remains to be determined. To obtain a clue about the toxic mechanism, we performed microarray experiments and compared the expression of genes responsive to toxic levels of ammonium between the wild-type (Col) and an ammonium-insensitive mutant (ami2) shoots growing in media containing 10 mM ammonium.
2021-07-24 | E-MTAB-10796 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of lung injury that frequently occurs during pneumonia and sepsis. Lung inflammation in ARDS patients may have deleterious effects on remote organs such as the kidney. The nuclear enzyme poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enhances the nuclear factor (NF)-?B-dependent transcription of inflammatory cytokines. This study was conducted to elucidate two questions: first, whether the activation of PARP and NF-?B mediates the renal inflammation secondary to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung inflammation; second, whether a PARP inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), attenuates lung and kidney inflammation by inhibiting NF-?B-dependent proinflammatory cytokines.MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, ventilated, and divided into three groups; a control group (n?=?8); an LPS group (n?=?12) intratracheally instilled with LPS (16 mg/kg), and an LPS?+?3-AB group (n?=?12) given the same dose of LPS by the same method followed by an intravenous injection of 3-AB (20 mg/kg). Hemodynamics, arterial blood gas, and the plasma levels of lactate, creatinine and potassium were measured at 0,1,2,3, and 4 h after treatment. The lung wet/dry ratio was measured at 4 h. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?, interleukin (IL)-1? and IL-6 in the lung and kidney were measured by TaqMan real-time PCR. PARP and NF-?B in the lung and kidney were histologically examined by immunostaining and assigned expression scores.ResultsLPS induced metabolic acidosis, hypotension, hypoxemia, increased the lung wet/dry ratio, increased the plasma levels of creatinine and potassium, and increased the cytokine mRNA expressions in the lung and kidney. All of these effects were associated with strong expression of PARP and NF-?B. Treatment with 3-AB prevented the LPS-induced metabolic acidosis and hypotension, reduced the plasma levels of lactate, creatinine and potassium, reduced the cytokine mRNA expressions, reduced the expression of PARP and NF-?B, improved pulmonary edema and oxygenation and preserved renal function.ConclusionsThe PARP inhibition attenuated lung-kidney crosstalk induced by intratracheal LPS instillation, partly via an inhibition of NF-?B dependent proinflammatory cytokines.
| S-EPMC3833186 | biostudies-literature