Project description:Several studies described a role for the E2F/Rb pathway in ovarian serous carcinomas (SCAs). Since E2F/Rb pathway deregulation is a general hallmark of human cancer, it remains unclear whether this deregulation is of particular importance in SCAs or whether it reflects a common oncologic feature. Here, we attempted to clarify this issue by the examination of microarray expression profiles of SCAs (10 SCA1s, 15 SCA3s) and particularly by the comparison with another, less malignant, ovarian cancer type, serous borderline tumours (13 SBTs). Results were further validated by quantitative RT-PCR, both on the microarray samples and an independent panel. In addition, TP53 mutation analysis was performed. This integrated analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of the transcription factors E2F1 and E2F3 in SCAs, when compared to SBTs. This was associated with a vast overexpression of E2F target genes in SCAs compared to SBTs. Overall, at least 45% of those genes with a significantly higher expression in SCAs were E2F targets. When taking into account the different SCA tumour grades, particularly SCA3s exhibited a major deregulated E2F target expression pattern, compared to SBTs. To a lesser extent, this was also the case for SCA1s, although the E2F target expression pattern of several SCA1s appeared to be more similar to SBTs. Generally, overexpression of E2F targets in SCAs appeared to be well-structured since those targets considered as negative regulators of the cell cycle or promoters of apoptosis were usually not overexpressed in SCAs. Similar to E2F target deregulation, TP53 mutations were identified in SCA3s, to a lesser extent in SCA1s, and not in SBTs. These results suggest that a structured, generally upregulated, E2F transcription factor activity is associated with a global cell cycle disturbance in high grade SCAs, and exceeds typical E2F/Rb pathway disruption in tumours, at least compared with SBTs Experiment Overall Design: Expression levels of 13 SBTs, including 2 micropapillary SBTs (MPCs), 10 SCAs grade 1 (SCA1s), and 15 SCAs grade 3 (SCA3s) were compared.

Project description:Neuroblastoma (NB) is an aggressive tumor that affects both infants and children. The disease outcome is greatly influenced by age of patient, stage, chromosome copy number aberrations (CNAs) and gene expression abnormalities. We analyzed, by microarray technology, genome and transcriptome of 3 groups of tumors of patients with metastatic disease: G1, stage 4S and MYCN single copy; G2, stage 4 younger than 18 months of age, MYCN single copy with no disease progression and G3, stage 4, older than 19 months, with unfavorable outcome. We found an accumulation of structural copy number aberrations (CNAs) in G3 whereas G1 tumors had mostly numerical (N) CNAs and G2 showed an intermediate behavior. Pair wise comparisons demonstrated that the average of N CNAs significantly decreased from G1 to G2 to G3 (9.6 G1 < 7.2 G2 < 3.6 G3); in contrast S CNAs significantly increased in G3 (0.7 G1 < 3.7 G2 < 7.0 G3). Interestingly, we observed several intra-chromosomal rearrangements in G3 tumors on chromosomes not usually involved in NB. Excluding MYCN amplified tumors by G3 we found a high frequency of S CNAs in this group. Gene expression analysis showed a deregulation of downstream genes of Ras and Rho signaling pathway among the 3 groups. It has been also observed a progressive switch off of development and adhesion genes and a switch on of cell cycle genes from G1 to G2 to G3. Moreover, the telemorase genes were significantly expressed in G3 with respect to remaining groups. Present data show an accumulation of S CNAs from stage 4S to 4. The deregulation of genes Rho/Ras pathway may explain the increase of tumor aggressiveness from G1 to G2 to G3. The increase of cell cycle and telomerase genes expression associated with G3 would provide unlimited replicative potential for these tumors and may be responsible for accumulation of S CNAs. Finally, we can argue that accumulation of structural aberrations and gene deregulation is age-dependent and it is associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype. We analyzed 133 samples of metastatic neuroblastoma from patients divided into three groups: G1 49 patients stage 4S and MYCN single copy; G2 37 patients stage 4 younger than 18 months of age at diagnosis, MYCN single copy with no disease progression; G3 47 patients stage 4 older than 19 months of age at diagnosis, with unfavorable outcome.

Project description:Neuroblastoma (NB) is an aggressive tumor that affects both infants and children. The disease outcome is greatly influenced by age of patient, stage, chromosome copy number aberrations (CNAs) and gene expression abnormalities. We analyzed, by microarray technology, genome and transcriptome of 3 groups of tumors of patients with metastatic disease: G1, stage 4S and MYCN single copy; G2, stage 4 younger than 18 months of age, MYCN single copy with no disease progression and G3, stage 4, older than 19 months, with unfavorable outcome. We found an accumulation of structural copy number aberrations (CNAs) in G3 whereas G1 tumors had mostly numerical (N) CNAs and G2 showed an intermediate behavior. Pair wise comparisons demonstrated that the average of N CNAs significantly decreased from G1 to G2 to G3 (9.6 G1 < 7.2 G2 < 3.6 G3); in contrast S CNAs significantly increased in G3 (0.7 G1 < 3.7 G2 < 7.0 G3). Interestingly, we observed several intra-chromosomal rearrangements in G3 tumors on chromosomes not usually involved in NB. Excluding MYCN amplified tumors by G3 we found a high frequency of S CNAs in this group. Gene expression analysis showed a deregulation of downstream genes of Ras and Rho signaling pathway among the 3 groups. It has been also observed a progressive switch off of development and adhesion genes and a switch on of cell cycle genes from G1 to G2 to G3. Moreover, the telemorase genes were significantly expressed in G3 with respect to remaining groups. Present data show an accumulation of S CNAs from stage 4S to 4. The deregulation of genes Rho/Ras pathway may explain the increase of tumor aggressiveness from G1 to G2 to G3. The increase of cell cycle and telomerase genes expression associated with G3 would provide unlimited replicative potential for these tumors and may be responsible for accumulation of S CNAs. Finally, we can argue that accumulation of structural aberrations and gene deregulation is age-dependent and it is associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype.

Project description:The placenta, the complex of fetal membrane (the chorion is attached to the endometrium) and endometrium, is a highly specialized temporary organ responsible for the normal progression of pregnancy in mammals. Therefore, the endometrium was divided into two function regions: chorion-attached (CA) and non-chorion-attached (NCA) region. However, the difference in gene expression profiles between the CA and NCA endometrial tissue of mid-gestation still are unknown. The objective of this study was to reveal gene expressed profiles of the CA and NCA endometrium from the mid-gestational female rabbits, and to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to imply major physiological events of endometrial at mid-gestation. RNA-seq showed that a total of 12320 genes were co-expressed in the CA and NCA endometrium, and 646 DEGs were identified. Enrichment analysis of the DEGs revealed the top overrepresented gene ontology (GO) term and pathways were related to immune regulation, cellular adhesions. Furthermore, the expression levels of DEGs related to immune regulation of chemokines and their receptors, extracellular matrix (ECM) and Integrin, were compared between the CA and NCA endometrium. Overall, there was hardly difference in the expression levels of immune regulation genes (chemokines and their receptors) between the CA and NCA endometrium, while the concentration of IL-8, IL-6 and IL-1β in the CA endometrium was higher than that in the serum and the NCA endometrium, which suggested immune cytokines were accumulated in the endometrium of maternal-fetal interface. Meanwhile, the expression level of genes related to cellular adhesions (ECM-integrin) in the NCA endometrium was significantly higher than that in the CA endometrium, and high abundance of Integrin β and THBS1 were localized in the luminal epithelium of the NCA endometrium, but not in the CA endometrium. Conclusions: Our study revealed the gene expression profiles of the CA and the NCA endometrium at mid-gestation, and provides an implication of chemokine and ECM-Integrin involved in immune regulation and adhesive barrier at the endometrium.

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Array-CGH profiling of human neuroblastoma samples obtained from infants included in the INES99.1, INES99.2 and INES99.3 trials

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