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Virome of monocotyledonous weeds growing at crop fields revealed infection with several viruses and suggested their virus reservoir role

ABSTRACT: During a proof-of-concept study, virome of millet, grown as weed was determined by small RNA HTS. As a result, from the pools of 20 randomly collected millet samples collected at two locations, we identified the presence of three viruses, two of them first time in Hungary. Based on our results we could only suspect that these viruses: wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), barley stripe mosaic virus (BYSMV) and barley virus G (BVG) could have been overwintered in millet or other monocotyledonous weeds growing at these fields. As a follow-up research, in the summer of 2021, we collected symptomatic leaves of several monocotyledonous plants at the same fields. This time the sampling was done in July. From the samples, small RNA HTS was carried out.

ORGANISM(S): Zea mays Setaria viridis Sorghum halepense Cynodon dactylon Panicum miliaceum Echinochloa crus-galli

PROVIDER: GSE270076 | GEO | 2024/10/02

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Hypersensitive response-related programmed cell death (PCD) has been extensively analyzed in various plant–virus interactions. However, little is known about changes in gene expression associated with cell death caused by compatible viruses. The synergistic interaction of Potato virus X (PVX) with Plum pox virus (PPV) results in increased symptoms that lead to systemic necrosis (SN) in Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, we performed three transcriptome comparisons in response to i) a PVX recombinant virus expressing the helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) gene from PPV that leads to SN, ii) a systemic incompatible interaction conferred by the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-resistance gene N (SHR), and iii) the depletion of the PBE subunit of the proteasome that leads to PCD by virus induced gene silencing (VIGS Prot), at early and late stages of infection. Our analysis indicated that the SN response was clustered with SHR by the similarity of their overall gene expression profiles. However, the expression profiles of defence-related and hormone-responsive genes in response to SN were more closely related to the response to VIGS Prot than to that elicited by SHR. This suggests the potential contribution of proteasome dysfunction to the increase in pathogenicity observed in PVX-potyvirus infections We compare the gene expression profiles of Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with either necrosis-inducing viruses or non-necrosis-inducing viruses, as follow: PVX/HCWT-infected plants versus plants infected with a PVX recombinant virus expressing a PPV HC-Pro mutant (PVX/HCLH) that was unable to induce the SN response (SN comparison), at 7 and 11 days postinoculation (dpi), (ii) TRV:NbPBE-silenced plants versus plants infected with the TRV empty vector (VIGS Prot comparison), at 4 and 8 days after infiltration (dpa), and (iii) TMV-GFP-infected, N-transgenic plants versus wild-type plants infected with TMV-GFP (SHR comparison), at 24 and 72 hours after temperature shift (hts). Per time and treatment, three independent biological replicates were used to monitor differences in gene expression between treatments

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Virome of monocotyledonous weeds growing at crop fields revealed infection with several viruses and suggested their virus reservoir role

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