Project description:Millet is a dangerous weed in Hungary. Lack of seed dormancy helps it to spread easily and be present at maize, wheat and other crop fields. Our previous report revealed the possibility that millet can also play a role as a virus reservoir. In that study we detected the presence of several viruses in millet using DAS ELISA. Because serological methods can only detect the presence of the investigated particular pathogens, we suspected that other, previously unknown viruses can also be present in this weed. To investigate this theory, we randomly sampled two locations and collected millets showing stunting, chlorosis, and striped leaves and investigated the presence of viruses using small RNA HTS as a diagnostic method. Our result confirmed the widespread presence of wheat streak mosaic virus at both locations. Moreover, barley yellow striate mosaic virus and barley virus G were also identified, which have not been described from Hungary before. As these viruses can cause severe diseases on wheat, their presence on a weed mean a potential infection risk. Our study indicates that the presence of millets on the fields needs a special control in order to prevent emergence of new diseases at crop fields.
Project description:During a proof-of-concept study, virome of millet, grown as weed was determined by small RNA HTS. As a result, from the pools of 20 randomly collected millet samples collected at two locations, we identified the presence of three viruses, two of them first time in Hungary. Based on our results we could only suspect that these viruses: wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), barley stripe mosaic virus (BYSMV) and barley virus G (BVG) could have been overwintered in millet or other monocotyledonous weeds growing at these fields. As a follow-up research, in the summer of 2021, we collected symptomatic leaves of several monocotyledonous plants at the same fields. This time the sampling was done in July. From the samples, small RNA HTS was carried out.
Project description:Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in the initiation and development of crown-roots (CRs) in barley and to estimate the role of cytokinins (CKs) in this process. Method: stranded libraries were obtained from RNA extracted from the stem base of 1 day-after-germination (DAG) and 10DAG-seedlings of wild-type (WT) and AtCKX-overexpressing barley lines (OE-CKX). OE-CKX lines have a reduced content of endogenous CKs and are characterized by a higher number of CRs. Libraries were deep sequenced on Illumina HighSeq platform. Each sample was investigated in three independent biological replicates. Results: Using a data analysis workflow optimized for barley, we identified more than 4000 transcripts differentially expressed in the stem base of 1DAG and 10DAG-seedlings. Expression as determined by RNA-seq was validated by real-time PCR. Our data were compared to the transcriptomic profiling obtained from rice and we were able to identify genes potentially involved in the initiation/development of CRs in barley. Also the use of the transgenic line with altered endogenous CK content allowed us to conclude about the role of CKs in the process. Conclusions: Our study represents the first analysis aiming to understand the initiation and development of CRs in barley.
Project description:We hypothesized that the genome segments of cultivated barley should show certain similarity with its ancestral wild barley. Instead of whole genome sequences, we employed RNA-Seq to investigated the genomic origin of modern cultivated barley using some representative wild barley genotypes from the Near East and Tibet, and representative world-wide selections of cultivated barley.
Project description:NILs containing five parental lines, three wild barley genotypes ssp. spontaneum: HID 4 (A), Iraq; HID 64 (B), Turkey; and HID 369 (C), Israel, one ssp. agriocrithon: HID 382(D)) and cv. Morex (ssp. vulgare, USA). Purpose: Variant calling to identifie markers associated with a awn length QTL on the distal part of chromosome 7HL
