The GPCR Latrophilin2 Signals via Gα13 to Regulate Epidermal Differentiation
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): synthetic construct Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE281860 | GEO | 2025/03/19
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The GPCR Latrophilin2 Signals via Gα13 to Regulate Epidermal Differentiation
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Project description:How synapses are assembled and specified in brain is incompletely understood. Latrophilin-3, a postsynaptic adhesion-GPCR, mediates Schaffer-collateral synapse formation in the hippocampus but the mechanisms involved remained unclear. Here we show that Latrophilin-3 organizes synapses by a convergent dual-pathway mechanism by which Latrophilin-3 simultaneously activates GaS/cAMP-signaling and recruits phase-separated postsynaptic protein scaffolds. We found that cell type-specific alternative splicing of Latrophilin-3 controls its G protein coupling mode, resulting in Latrophilin-3 variants that predominantly signal via Gas and cAMP or via Gα12/13. A CRISPR-mediated genetic switch of Latrophilin-3 alternative splicing from a GaS- to a Gα12/13-coupled mode impaired synaptic connectivity similar to the overall deletion of Latrophilin-3, suggesting that GaS/cAMP-signaling by Latrophilin-3 splice variants mediates synapse formation. Moreover, GaS- but not Gα12/13-coupled splice variants of Latrophilin-3 recruit phase-transitioned postsynaptic protein scaffolds that are clustered by binding of presynaptic Latrophilin-3 ligands. Strikingly, neuronal activity promotes alternative splicing of the synaptogenic variant of Latrophilin-3, thereby enhancing synaptic connectivity. Together, these data suggest that activity-dependent alternative splicing of a key synaptic adhesion molecule controls synapse formation by parallel activation of two convergent pathways, GaS/cAMP signaling and the phase separation of postsynaptic protein scaffolds.
2023-10-19 | GSE240791 | GEO
Project description:Data for Alternative Splicing of Adhesion-GPCR Latrophilin-3 Controls Synapse Formation
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Project description:Signals emanating from Rho GTPases play pivotal roles in epidermal stem cell homeostasis. However, the agents regulating Rho GTPase output within the epidermal stem cell niche are poorly known. Here, we report that the Rho exchange factor Vav2 regulates the epidermal stem cell transcriptome in an age-dependent manner.
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Project description:Croft2013 - GPCR-RGS interaction that compartmentalizes RGS activity
Through modelling studies, the classic quaternary complex (ligand-GPCR-G-RGS) has been extended to include an additional layer of regulation through GPCR-RGS interactions, which facilitate the compartmentalization of RGS activity into the plasma membrane and non-plasma compartments.
This model is described in the article:
A physiologically required G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) interaction that compartmentalizes RGS activity.
Croft W, Hill C, McCann E, Bond M, Esparza-Franco M, Bennett J, Rand D, Davey J, Ladds G.
J Biol Chem. 2013 Sep 20;288(38):27327-42.
Abstract:
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can interact with regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins. However, the effects of such interactions on signal transduction and their physiological relevance have been largely undetermined. Ligand-bound GPCRs initiate by promoting exchange of GDP for GTP on the Gα subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins. Signaling is terminated by hydrolysis of GTP to GDP through intrinsic GTPase activity of the Gα subunit, a reaction catalyzed by RGS proteins. Using yeast as a tool to study GPCR signaling in isolation, we define an interaction between the cognate GPCR (Mam2) and RGS (Rgs1), mapping the interaction domains. This reaction tethers Rgs1 at the plasma membrane and is essential for physiological signaling response. In vivo quantitative data inform the development of a kinetic model of the GTPase cycle, which extends previous attempts by including GPCR-RGS interactions. In vivo and in silico data confirm that GPCR-RGS interactions can impose an additional layer of regulation through mediating RGS subcellular localization to compartmentalize RGS activity within a cell, thus highlighting their importance as potential targets to modulate GPCR signaling pathways.
Author's comment on reproducing the plots:
To reproduce dose-response plots in the publication, the model is simulated with 12 different ligand concentrations (see parameter Ligand_conc).
For each ligand concentration, a single value corresponding to total amount of output must be obtained, by calculating the area under the curve of the trajectory of species z3, from time=0 to time=30.
These total output values are then used to build a dose-response plot (authors used GraphPad Prism).
Mutant strains are simulated with alternative parameter values or initial conditions specified in the Supplementary Material.
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2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000479 | BioModels
Project description:We report the effects of silencing SRSF1 or ZMAT2 in human epidermal stem cells on the transcriptome of epidermal stem cells. We found that silencing ZMAT2 or SRSF1 affects global splicing, however, ZMAT2 seems to regulate splicing of a smaller more specific subset of genes.
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Project description:RNA of dorsal root ganglia from untreated adult mice (6-8 weeks) was tested for GPCR expression
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Project description:Subcellular location defines GPCR signal transduction
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Project description:Analysis of the effect of G-alpha or GPCR mutation on the Arabidopsis Transcriptome Keywords: Comparitive Genome Hybridization The transcriptomes of wild type and mutants (G-alpha and GPCR) were compared in the current study. The study was carried out on four whole genome oligo arrays. The G-alpha mutant and its corresponding wild type variety were compared on a single array by means of a dual channel experiment (Cy3 and Cy5 labeling). The experiment was repeated on a different array as a flip-dye replicate and the data from both the sets analyzed further.
2010-09-30 | E-GEOD-11435 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This study shows that chemically and pharmacodynamically distinct agonists acting on the same GPCR can produce indistinguishable cellular responses and that this uniformity is conferred by endosomal signaling The ability of chemically distinct ligands to produce different effects on the same G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) has interesting therapeutic implications but, if excessively propagated downstream, would introduce biological 'noise' compromising cognate ligand detection We asked if cells have the ability to limit the degree to which chemical diversity imposed at the ligand-GPCR interface is propagated to the downstream signal We carried out an unbiased analysis of the integrated cellular response elicited by two chemically and pharmacodynamically diverse β-adrenoceptor agonists, isoproterenol and salmeterol We show that both ligands generate an identical integrated response, and that this stereotyped output requires endocytosis We further demonstrate that the endosomal β2-AR signal confers uniformity on the downstream response because it is highly sensitive and saturable Based on these findings, we propose that GPCR signaling from endosomes functions as a biological noise filter to enhance reliability of cognate ligand detection
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