Inhibiting CXCR4 Reduces Immunosuppressive Effects of Myeloid cells in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE282065 | GEO | 2025/04/16
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Inhibiting CXCR4 Reduces Immunosuppressive Effects of Myeloid cells in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy
| PRJNA1186748 | ENA
Project description:Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) show only modest response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, motivating ongoing efforts to identify approaches to boost efficacy. Using an immunocompetent mouse model of TNBC, we investigated combination therapy with an anti-PD-1 immunotherapy antibody plus balixafortide, a cyclic peptide inhibitor of CXCR4. Cell-based assays demonstrated that balixafortide functions as an inverse agonist, establishing a mode of action distinct from most compounds targeting CXCR4. Combination anti-PD-1 plus balixafortide significantly reduced growth of orthotopic tumors and extended overall survival relative to single agent therapy or vehicle. Adding balixafortide to anti-PD-1 increased numbers of tertiary lymphoid structures, a marker of local tumor immune responses associated with favorable response to immunotherapy in TNBC. Single cell RNA sequencing revealed that combination anti-PD-1 plus balixafortide reduced T cell exhaustion and increased markers of effector T cell activity. Combination therapy also reduced signatures of immunosuppressive myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumors. MDSCs isolated from mice treated with anti-PD-1 plus balixafortide showed reduced inhibition of T cell proliferation following ex vivo stimulation. These studies demonstrate that combining inhibition of CXCR4 with anti-PD-1 to enhances responses to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in TNBC, supporting future clinical trials.
| S-EPMC11822021 | biostudies-literature
Project description:T-cell exhaustion (Tex) phenotype has limited the efficacy of single-agent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer immunotherapy, underscoring the need to target upstream pathways. Clinical trials have indicated that CXCR4 antagonists enhance anti-cancer activity. However, the specific mechanisms through which CXCR4 contributes to immune cell phenotypes are not fully understood. By targeting CXCR4 using antagonists or transgenic mice (Cxcr4flox/flox LckCre), we effectively attenuated the Tex phenotype and enhanced the functional T-cell phenotype in vivo. Additionally, single-cell RNA/TCR-seq analyses demonstrated that CXCR4 inhibition promotes anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by reducing CD8+ Tex phenotype and enriching the abundance of TCR clonotypes in vivo. Mechanically, we found that CXCR4-blocking T cells mitigate Tex phenotype by regulating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, reducing the interaction between p-STAT3 and TOX. Single-cell ATAC/RNA-seq validated that CXCR4 deficiency epigenetically orchestrates the transition from functional to exhausted phenotypes in CD8+ T cells. Altogether, we demonstrate a mechanism of targeting CXCR4 to orchestrate CD8+ Tex cells in cancers and provide a rationale for the combined CXCR4 antagonists and ICBs in clinical trials.
2025-01-28 | GSE255180 | GEO
Project description:T-cell exhaustion (Tex) phenotype has limited the efficacy of single-agent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer immunotherapy, underscoring the need to target upstream pathways. Clinical trials have indicated that CXCR4 antagonists enhance anti-cancer activity. However, the specific mechanisms through which CXCR4 contributes to immune cell phenotypes are not fully understood. By targeting CXCR4 using antagonists or transgenic mice (Cxcr4flox/flox LckCre), we effectively attenuated the Tex phenotype and enhanced the functional T-cell phenotype in vivo. Additionally, single-cell RNA/TCR-seq analyses demonstrated that CXCR4 inhibition promotes anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by reducing CD8+ Tex phenotype and enriching the abundance of TCR clonotypes in vivo. Mechanically, we found that CXCR4-blocking T cells mitigate Tex phenotype by regulating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, reducing the interaction between p-STAT3 and TOX. Single-cell ATAC/RNA-seq validated that CXCR4 deficiency epigenetically orchestrates the transition from functional to exhausted phenotypes in CD8+ T cells. Altogether, we demonstrate a mechanism of targeting CXCR4 to orchestrate CD8+ Tex cells in cancers and provide a rationale for the combined CXCR4 antagonists and ICBs in clinical trials.
2025-01-28 | GSE255177 | GEO
Project description:T-cell exhaustion (Tex) phenotype has limited the efficacy of single-agent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer immunotherapy, underscoring the need to target upstream pathways. Clinical trials have indicated that CXCR4 antagonists enhance anti-cancer activity. However, the specific mechanisms through which CXCR4 contributes to immune cell phenotypes are not fully understood. By targeting CXCR4 using antagonists or transgenic mice (Cxcr4flox/flox LckCre), we effectively attenuated the Tex phenotype and enhanced the functional T-cell phenotype in vivo. Additionally, single-cell RNA/TCR-seq analyses demonstrated that CXCR4 inhibition promotes anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by reducing CD8+ Tex phenotype and enriching the abundance of TCR clonotypes in vivo. Mechanically, we found that CXCR4-blocking T cells mitigate Tex phenotype by regulating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, reducing the interaction between p-STAT3 and TOX. Single-cell ATAC/RNA-seq validated that CXCR4 deficiency epigenetically orchestrates the transition from functional to exhausted phenotypes in CD8+ T cells. Altogether, we demonstrate a mechanism of targeting CXCR4 to orchestrate CD8+ Tex cells in cancers and provide a rationale for the combined CXCR4 antagonists and ICBs in clinical trials.
2025-01-28 | GSE262445 | GEO
Project description:Antibodies and derivative drugs targeting immune checkpoints have been approved for the treatment of several malignancies, but there are fewer responses in patients with pancreatic cancer. Here, we designed a nanobody molecule with bi-targeting on PD-L1 and CXCR4, as both targets are overexpressed in many cancer cells and play important roles in tumorigenesis. The nanobody sequences targeting PD-L1 and CXCR4 were linked by the (G4S)3 flexible peptide to construct the anti-PD-L1/CXCR4 bispecific nanobody. The bispecific nanobody was expressed in E. coli cells and purified by affinity chromatography. The purified nanobody was biochemically characterized by mass spectrometry, Western blotting and flow cytometry to confirm the molecule and its association with both PD-L1 and CXCR4. The biological function of the nanobody and its anti-tumour effects were examined.
2023-03-11 | PXD037102 | Pride
Project description:T-cell exhaustion (Tex) phenotype has limited the efficacy of single-agent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer immunotherapy, underscoring the need to target upstream pathways. Clinical trials have indicated that CXCR4 antagonists enhance anti-cancer activity. However, the specific mechanisms through which CXCR4 contributes to immune cell phenotypes are not fully understood. By targeting CXCR4 using antagonists or transgenic mice (Cxcr4flox/flox LckCre), we effectively attenuated the Tex phenotype and enhanced the functional T-cell phenotype in vivo. Additionally, single-cell RNA/TCR-seq analyses demonstrated that CXCR4 inhibition promotes anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by reducing CD8+ Tex phenotype and enriching the abundance of TCR clonotypes in vivo. Mechanically, we found that CXCR4-blocking T cells mitigate Tex phenotype by regulating the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, reducing the interaction between p-STAT3 and TOX. Single-cell ATAC/RNA-seq validated that CXCR4 deficiency epigenetically orchestrates the transition from functional to exhausted phenotypes in CD8+ T cells. Altogether, we demonstrate a mechanism of targeting CXCR4 to orchestrate CD8+ Tex cells in cancers and provide a rationale for the combined CXCR4 antagonists and ICBs in clinical trials.
2025-01-28 | GSE262444 | GEO
Project description:The dysregulated host response to infections can lead to sepsis, a complex disease characterized by a spectrum of clinical phenotypes associated with the host immune response variability and outcomes. This heterogeneity poses challenges for implementing specific therapeutic approaches. While clinical sepsis phenotypes are well distinguished, the mechanisms driving these heterogeneous responses remain poorly understood. Using an unbiased experimental approach, we analysed immune cell activation profiles in survived and non-survived CLP-septic to gain insights into the immunological mechanisms by which neutrophils contribute to the hyperinflammatory septic phenotype. Our finds reveal that non-survived septic mice exhibit increased frequencies of immature CXCR4+ PD-L1+ neutrophils and monocytes in the bloodstream, accompanied by an accumulation of trafficking-specific CXCR4+ PD-L1+ neutrophils into the lungs. The increased PD-L1 expression on CXCR4+ neutrophils is associated with increase of IFN-gamma signaling pathways. Additionally, the IFN-gamma and LPS promote an activation profile of CXCR4+ PD-L1+ neutrophils, exhibiting a phenotype associated with inflammation and organ damage. Notably, abrogating the IFN-gamma reduced susceptibility to CLP-sepsis and diminished PD-L1 expression on CXCR4+ neutrophils. This study provides molecular and functional insights into the immune cell activation profiles associated with the worsening of the septic hyperinflammatory phenotype experimental model. The CXCR4+ PD-L1+ neutrophils population and elevated plasmatic IFN-gamma levels highlighted here represent promising targets for therapeutic modulation in clinical sepsis hyperinflammatory phenotype.
2025-01-31 | GSE287865 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this study was to identify signalling molecules downstream of CXCR4 in breast cancer cells. For this purpose, we sorted CXCR4-positive and CXCR4-negative cells from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line by flow cytometry and performed microarrays analysis. Three sets of samples, each in quadruplicate, were analyzed. These include CXCR4-positive subpopulation, CXCR4-positive subpopulation treated with SDF-1 (ligand for CXCR4, also called CXCL12) for one hour and CXCR4-negative subpopulation.
2010-04-28 | E-GEOD-15893 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment, but resistance remains a significant clinical challenge. Myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment can modulate checkpoint resistance by either supporting or suppressing adaptive immune responses. Using an anti-PD-1 resistant mouse melanoma model, we show that targeting the myeloid compartment via CD40 activation and CSF1R blockade in combination with anti-PD-1 results in complete tumor regression in a majority of mice. This triple therapy combination is primarily CD40 agonist-driven in the first 24 hours post-therapy and shows a similar systemic cytokine profile in human patients as in mice. Functional single-cell cytokine secretion profiling of dendritic cells (DCs) using a novel microwell assay identified a CCL22+CCL5+ IL-12-secreting DC subset as important early-stage effectors of triple therapy. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are both critical effectors of treatment, and systems analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data supports a role for DC-secreted IL-12 in priming T cell activation and recruitment. Finally, we show that treatment with a novel IL-12 mRNA therapeutic alone is sufficient to overcome PD-1 resistance and cause tumor regression. Overall, we conclude that combining myeloid-based innate immune activation and enhancement of adaptive immunity is a viable strategy to overcome anti-PD-1 resistance.
2023-04-19 | GSE230004 | GEO