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Single-cell analysis identifies the CNP/GC-B/cGMP axis as marker and regulator of modulated VSMCs in atherosclerosis

ABSTRACT: A balanced activity of cGMP signaling contributes to the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can generate cGMP via three ligand-activated guanylyl cyclases, the NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase, the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-activated GC-A, and the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-stimulated GC‑B. Here, we studied natriuretic peptide signaling in murine VSMCs and atherosclerotic lesions. Correlative profiling of pathway activity and VSMC phenotype at the single-cell level showed that phenotypic modulation of contractile VSMCs to chondrocyte-like plaque cells during atherogenesis is associated with a switch from ANP/GC‑A to CNP/GC‑B signaling. Silencing of the CNP/GC-B axis in VSMCs resulted in an increase of chondrocyte-like plaque cells. These findings indicate that the CNP/GC‑B/cGMP pathway is a marker and atheroprotective regulator of modulated VSMCs, limiting their transition to chondrocyte-like cells. Overall, this study highlights the plasticity of cGMP signaling in VSMCs and suggests analogies between CNP-dependent remodeling of bone and blood vessels.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE282944 | GEO | 2024/12/17

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) has been recently identified as an important anabolic regulator of endochondral bone growth, but the molecular mechanism mediating these effects are not completely understood. Here we demonstrate that CNP activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway in chondrocytes and that pharmacological inhibition of p38 blocks the anabolic effects of CNP in a tibia organ culture system. We further show that CNP stimulates endochondral bone growth largely through expansion of the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate, while delaying mineralization. Both effects are reversed by p38 inhibition. We performed Affymetrix microarray analyses to identify CNP target genes in the organ culture system. These studies confirmed that hypertrophic chondrocytes are the main targets of CNP signaling in the growth plate, potentially because cGMP-dependent kinases I and II, important transducers of CNP signaling and are expressed at much higher levels in these cells than in other areas of the tibia. One of the genes most strongly induced by CNP was the Ptgs2 gene, encoding Cox2. Real-time PCR confirmed that Cox2 expression was induced by CNP in hypertrophic chondrocytes, but surprisingly in a p38-independent manner. Moreover, Cox2 inhibition â in contrast to p38 inhibition - did not block the anabolic effects of CNP. In summary, our data identify novel target genes of CNP and demonstrate that the p38 pathway is a novel, essential mediator of CNP effects on endochondral ossification, with potential implications for numerous skeletal diseases. Experiment Overall Design: Tibiae from E15.5 day old embryonic mice were isolated and cultured in minimal media in the presence of vehicle, BSA/HCl (1mM), or C-type natriuretic peptide, CNP (10-6M). On the sixth day of treatment cultured tibias were micro-dissected into the resting/proliferating, hypertrophic, and mineralized areas. Distinct zones from approximately 24 bones were pooled together, from which RNA was isolated using the Qiagen RNeasy Lipid Extraction Kit. Once the quality of total RNA from three independent trials was determined using the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer, microarray analyses were performed at the London Regional Genomics Centre using MOE430_2.0 Affymetrix arrays. Results were analyzed using GeneSpring 7.2 software.

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Single-cell analysis identifies the CNP/GC-B/cGMP axis as marker and regulator of modulated VSMCs in atherosclerosis

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