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Rewiring the fusion oncoprotein EWSR1::FLI1 in Ewing scarcoma with bivalent small molecules [ChIP-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Dysregulated transcription is a defining hallmark of cancer. Recently, novel chemically induced proximity approaches have enabled the rewiring of transcriptional machinery to drive expression of pro-apoptotic genes using bivalent small molecules. In this work, we demonstrate that this strategy is amenable to relocalizing DNA bound transcriptional machinery, such as fusion transcription factors that commonly drive pediatric malignancies. Targeting fusion transcription factors, such as EWSR1::FLI1 in Ewing sarcoma, with these bivalent compounds may open new therapeutic avenues. Here, we develop a small molecule, EB-TCIP, that recruits FKBP12F36V-tagged EWSR1::FLI1 to DNA sites bound by the transcriptional regulator BCL6, leading to rapid chromatin remodeling and expression of BCL6 target genes. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that DNA binding proteins with pioneering transcription factor activity, such as EWSR1::FLI1, can be relocalized on chromatin to induce expression of repressed genes. Insights herein will guide the development of future bivalent molecules that rewire DNA binding transcriptional machinery.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE290894 | GEO | 2025/03/17

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Rewiring the fusion oncoprotein EWSR1::FLI1 in Ewing scarcoma with bivalent small molecules [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Dysregulated transcription is a defining hallmark of cancer. Recently, novel chemically induced proximity approaches have enabled the rewiring of transcriptional machinery to drive expression of pro-apoptotic genes using bivalent small molecules. In this work, we demonstrate that this strategy is amenable to relocalizing DNA bound transcriptional machinery, such as fusion transcription factors that commonly drive pediatric malignancies. Targeting fusion transcription factors, such as EWSR1::FLI1 in Ewing sarcoma, with these bivalent compounds may open new therapeutic avenues. Here, we develop a small molecule, EB-TCIP, that recruits FKBP12F36V-tagged EWSR1::FLI1 to DNA sites bound by the transcriptional regulator BCL6, leading to rapid chromatin remodeling and expression of BCL6 target genes. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that DNA binding proteins with pioneering transcription factor activity, such as EWSR1::FLI1, can be relocalized on chromatin to induce expression of repressed genes. Insights herein will guide the development of future bivalent molecules that rewire DNA binding transcriptional machinery.

2025-03-17 | GSE290895 | GEO

Rewiring the fusion oncoprotein EWSR1::FLI1 in Ewing scarcoma with bivalent small molecules [ATAC-seq]

2025-03-17 | GSE290893 | GEO

A Bivalent Molecular Glue Linking Lysine Acetyltransferases to Oncogene-directed Cell Death [RNA-seq]

Project description:Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) such as p300 and CBP regulate gene networks in healthy and malignant cells by scaffolding transcriptional machinery and by acetylating chromatin and transcription factors (TFs). In certain cancers including diffuse large B cell lymphomas, they contribute to tumor suppression and are therapeutic vulnerabilities when deregulated. Inhibitors and degraders of KATs are limited by potential toxicity associated with targeting these essential proteins. We introduce KAT-TCIPs (lysine acetyltransferase transcriptional/epigenetic chemical inducers of proximity), bivalent molecules that redirect the KAT and co-activating activity of p300 and CBP towards programmed cell death signaling repressed by the oncogenic TF BCL6. The lead KAT-TCIP molecule kills lymphoma cells at ~0.8 nM by redistributing chromatin acetylation, activating the pro-apoptotic protein PUMA, and repressing c-MYC. Analysis of the ternary co-crystal structure containing p300 and BCL6 reveals fortuitous interactions that drive the potency and specificity of KAT-TCIPs and sets a precedent for KAT-targeting induced proximity therapeutics.

2025-04-09 | GSE287543 | GEO

A Bivalent Molecular Glue Linking Lysine Acetyltransferases to Oncogene-directed Cell Death [ChIP-seq]

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Therapeutic Targeting Ewing Sarcoma through Inhibition of the FACT Complex (ChIP-Seq)

Project description:EWS/ETS fusion transcription factors, most commonly EWSR1-FLI1, drive initiation and progression of Ewing sarcoma (EwS), a highly aggressive childhood cancer of bone and soft tissues. Even though direct targeting EWSR1-FLI1 is a formidable challenge, epigenetic or transcriptional modulators have been recently proved to be promising therapeutic targets for indirectly disrupting its expression and/or function. Here, we performed transcriptome and functional genomics dataset analyses, and combined with small molecule screening of EwS lines to identify novel epigenetic/transcriptional-targeted therapeutic strategies. SSRP1 and SUPT16H, two subunits of the Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) complex, are both found to be EWSR1-FLI1-induced essential oncogenes in EwS. The FACT-targeted drug CBL0137 exhibits potent therapeutic efficacy against multiple EwS preclinical models in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the FACT complex and EWS-FLI1 form oncogenic positive feedback loop via mutual transcriptional regulation and activation, and cooperatively promote cell cycle/DNA replication process and IGF1R-PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway to drive EwS oncogenesis. The FACT inhibitor drug CBL0137 effectively targets the EWSR1-FLI1-FACT circuit, resulting in transcriptional disruption of EWS-FLI1, SSRP1 and their downstream effector oncogenic signatures. Our study illustrates a crucial role of the FACT complex in facilitating the expression and function of EWSR1-FLI1 and demonstrates FACT inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy against EwS via indirect targeting the oncogenic fusion TF, providing preclinical support for adding EwS to CBL0137’s future clinical trials.

2022-12-31 | GSE195802 | GEO

Therapeutic Targeting Ewing Sarcoma through Inhibition of the FACT Complex (RNA-Seq I)

2022-12-31 | GSE195803 | GEO

Therapeutic Targeting Ewing Sarcoma through Inhibition of the FACT Complex (RNA-Seq II)

2022-12-31 | GSE195804 | GEO

Fusion protein EWS-FLI1 is incorporated into a protein granule in cells

Project description:Ewing sarcoma is driven by fusion proteins containing a low complexity (LC) domain that is intrinsically disordered and a powerful transcriptional regulator. The most common fusion protein found in Ewing sarcoma, EWS-FLI1, takes its LC domain from the RNA-binding protein EWSR1 (Ewing Sarcoma RNA-binding protein 1) and a DNA-binding domain from the transcription factor FLI1 (Friend Leukemia Virus Integration 1). The LC domain in EWS-FLI1 can bind RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) and can self-assemble through a process known as phase separation. The ability of EWSR1 and related RNA-binding proteins to assemble into ribonucleoprotein granules in cells has been intensely studied but the role of phase separation in EWS-FLI1 activity is less understood. We investigated the overlapping functions of EWSR1 and EWS-FLI1 in controlling gene expression and tumorigenic cell growth in Ewing sarcoma, and our results suggested that these proteins function closely together. We then studied the nature of interactions among EWS-FLI1, EWSR1, and RNA Pol II. We observed EWSR1 and RNA Pol II to be present in protein granules in cells. We then identified protein granules in cells associated with the fusion protein, EWS-FLI1. The tyrosine residues in the LC domain are required for the abilities of EWS-FLI1 to bind its partners, EWSR1 and RNA Pol II, and to incorporate into protein granules. These data suggest that interactions among EWS-FLI1, RNA Pol II, and EWSR1 in Ewing sarcoma can occur in the context of a molecular scaffold found within protein granules in the cell.

2020-07-23 | GSE154944 | GEO

The O-glycosyltransferase C1GALT1 promotes EWSR1::FLI1 expression and is a therapeutic target for Ewing sarcoma

Project description:Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive bone cancer driven by the oncogenic fusion-protein EWSR1::FLI1, which is not present in normal cells and is therefore an attractive therapeutic target. However, as a transcription factor, EWSR1::FLI1 is considered undruggable. Factors that promote EWSR1::FLI1 expression, and thus whose inhibition would reduce EWSR1::FLI1 protein levels and function, are potential drug targets. Here, using genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screening, we identify C1GALT1, a galactosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of many O-glycoproteins, as a factor that promotes EWSR1::FLI1 expression. We show that C1GALT1 acts by O-glycosylating the pivotal Hedgehog (Hh) signaling component Smoothened (SMO), thereby stabilizing SMO and stimulating the Hh pathway, which we find directly activates EWSR1::FLI1 transcription. Itraconazole, an FDA-approved anti-fungal agent that is known to inhibit C1GALT1, reduces EWSR1::FLI1 levels in ES cell lines and suppresses growth of ES xenografts in mice. Our study reveals a therapeutically targetable mechanism that promotes EWSR1::FLI1 expression and ES tumor growth.

2025-01-22 | GSE287721 | GEO

Gene expression profile upon EWSR1::FLI1 knockdown in Ewing sarcoma cells A673 in vitro

Project description:Ewing sarcoma, a rare and aggressive pediatric cancer, is characterized by chromosomal translocations that give rise to chimeric transcription factors. The most frequent of these chromosomal translocations is the t(11;22) that produces the fusion of the EWSR1 and FLI1 genes to generate the chimeric transcription factor EWSR1::FLI1. EWSR1::FLI1 is the main oncogenic event in Ewing's sarcoma. Recently, it has been proposed that EWSR1::FLI1 levels may fluctuate in Ewing sarcoma cells, giving rise to two cell populations: cells expressing low levels of EWSR1::FLI1 are characterized by a more migratory and invasive phenotype, while cells expressing high levels of EWSR1::FLI1 are more proliferative. The identification and functional characterization of EWSR1::FLI1 gene targets is therefore relevant to understanding the pathobiology of Ewing sarcoma, which in turn could contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets. Using this approach, we have observed that CD44, a transmembrane protein involved in cell adhesion and migration and associated with metastasis in various cancer types, is overexpressed in the EWSR1::FLI1-low phenotype. Our results suggest that CD44 may play a role in regulating cell migration in Ewing sarcoma cells and thus contribute to the spread of tumor cells.

2023-07-25 | GSE232739 | GEO

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