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Developmental stage-specific gene expression in the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

ABSTRACT: We generated 77-bp Illumina reads from single messenger RNA libraries from four diverse developmental stages of the two-spotted spider mite to maximally capture the complement of transcribed sequences across development. Adult, nymphal, larvae and embryonic stages were separated using sieves of various pore sizes, and mites of various developmental stages were carefully selected for transcriptome library preparation. Samples were a mix of males and females to capture male and female patterns of transcription, and were reared on beans (Phaseolus vulgaris cv California Red Kidney). The RNA-Seq data was used for validation of gene models predicted by EuGene, and to study patterns of gene expression across development.

ORGANISM(S): Tetranychus urticae

PROVIDER: GSE31527 | GEO | 2011/11/23

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA154989

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Developmental stage-specific gene expression in the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Project description:We generated 77-bp Illumina reads from single messenger RNA libraries from four diverse developmental stages of the two-spotted spider mite to maximally capture the complement of transcribed sequences across development. Adult, nymphal, larvae and embryonic stages were separated using sieves of various pore sizes, and mites of various developmental stages were carefully selected for transcriptome library preparation. Samples were a mix of males and females to capture male and female patterns of transcription, and were reared on beans (Phaseolus vulgaris cv California Red Kidney). The RNA-Seq data was used for validation of gene models predicted by EuGene, and to study patterns of gene expression across development. Gene expression for spider mites from adult, nymph, larvae and embryonic developmental stages was examined (technical replicates were generated).

2011-11-23 | E-GEOD-31527 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Developmental stage-specific small RNA composition in the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Project description:We generated 38-bp Illumina reads from single messenger RNA libraries from three diverse developmental stages of the two-spotted spider mite to capture small RNA diversity across development. Adult, nymphal+larvae and embryonic stages were separated using sieves of various pore sizes, and mites of various developmental stages were carefully selected for small RNA library preparation. Samples were a mix of males and females to capture male and female patterns of small RNA composition and were reared on beans (Phaseolus vulgaris cv California Red Kidney). Small RNA reads were used for miRNA prediction, piRNA discovery, and for quantitation of small RNA-generating loci (i.e. expression across development).

2011-11-23 | GSE32005 | GEO

Developmental stage-specific small RNA composition in the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

2011-11-23 | E-GEOD-32005 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Cyflumetofen resistance in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae

Project description:Cyflumetofen is a novel acaricide on the international market with an unknown mode of action. Under laboratory conditions, we selected for high levels of cyflumetofen resistance in a susceptible mite strain and performed genome-wide gene-expression analysis. Differential expression between the resistant and susceptible strain was identified to study on the molecular level how mites develop resistance to this novel acaricide. Our results show that in T. urticae, the selection for cyflumetofen resistance resulted in a differential expression in only a limited number of genes. This transcriptomic study provides an unbiased look how cyflumetofen resistance triggers selection on the transcriptional level in T. urticae.

2017-05-12 | GSE62916 | GEO

Cyenopyrafen resistance in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae

Project description:Cyenopyrafen is a novel acaricide with a currently unknown mode of action. We selected for high levels of cyenopyrafen resistance in a susceptible spider mite strain and previously published patterns of cross-resistance to other well-described acaricides (Khalighi et al., 2014). In addition, we also included an independent cyenopyrafen-susceptible mite strain (referred to as Akita) in this study. We performed transcriptomic analysis to identify on the molecular level how T. urticae develops resistance to this novel acaricide. Using this dataset, we show that the selection for cyenopyrafen resistance resulted in massive transcriptomic responses in T. urticae. The multi-gene family of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) exhibited a drastic differential expression with a significant transcriptional induction in the acaricide resistant strain. This transcriptomic study highlights the potential importance of CYPs in mite resistance to the cyenopyrafen acaricide.

2016-04-15 | GSE62915 | GEO

Identification of Wolbachia-responsive microRNAs in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae.

Project description:The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is infected with Wolbachia, which have the ability to manipulate host reproduction and fitness. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in many biological processes such as development, reproduction and host-pathogen interactions. Although miRNA was observed to involve in Wolbachia-host interactions in the other insect systems, its roles have not been fully deciphered in the two-spotted spider mite.Small RNA libraries of infected and uninfected T. urticae for both sexes (in total four libraries) were constructed. By integrating the mRNA data originated from the same samples, the target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted. Then, GO and pathway analyses were performed for the target genes. Comparison of libraries showed that Wolbachia infection significantly regulated 91 miRNAs in females and 20 miRNAs in males, with an overall suppression of miRNAs in Wolbachia-infected libraries. A comparison of the miRNA and mRNA data predicted that the differentially expressed miRNAs negatively regulated 90 mRNAs in females and 9 mRNAs in males. An analysis of target genes showed that Wolbachia-responsive miRNAs regulated genes with function in sphingolipid metabolism, lysosome function, apoptosis and lipid transporting in both sexes, as well as reproduction in females.Comparisons of the miRNA and mRNA data can help to identify miRNAs and miRNA target genes involving in Wolbachia-host interactions. The molecular targets identified in this study should be useful in further functional studies.

| S-EPMC4378230 | biostudies-literature

Stably expressed housekeeping genes across developmental stages in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae.

Project description:Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a reliable and reproducible technique for measuring mRNA expression. To facilitate gene expression studies and obtain more accurate qRT-PCR analysis, normalization relative to stable housekeeping genes is mandatory. In this study, ten housekeeping genes, including beta-actin (Actin) , elongation factor 1 ? (EF1A) , glyceralde hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) , ribosomal protein L13 (RPL13) , ribosomal protein 49 (RP49) , ?-tubulin (Tubulin) , vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) , succinate dehydrogenase subunit A (SDHA) , 28S ribosomal RNA (28S) , and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S) from the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, were selected as the candidate reference genes. Four algorithms, geNorm, Normfinder, BestKeeper, and the ?Ct method, were used to evaluate the performance of these candidates as endogenous controls across different developmental stages. In addition, RefFinder, which integrates the above-mentioned software tools, provided the overall ranking of the stability/suitability of these candidate reference genes. Among them, PRL13 and v-ATPase were the two most stable housekeeping genes across different developmental stages. This work is the first step toward establishing a standardized qRT-PCR analysis in T. urticae following the MIQE guideline. With the recent release of the T. urticae genome, results from this study provide a critical piece for the subsequent genomics and functional genomics research in this emerging model system.

| S-EPMC4379063 | biostudies-literature

Protocols for the delivery of small molecules to the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae.

Project description:The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, is a chelicerate herbivore with an extremely wide host range and an extraordinary ability to develop pesticide resistance. Due to its responsiveness to natural and synthetic xenobiotics, the spider mite is becoming a prime pest herbivore model for studies of the evolution of host range, plant-herbivore interactions and mechanisms of xenobiotic resistance. The spider mite genome has been sequenced and its transcriptional responses to developmental and various biotic and abiotic cues have been documented. However, to identify biological and evolutionary roles of T. urticae genes and proteins, it is necessary to develop methods for the efficient manipulation of mite gene function or protein activity. Here, we describe protocols developed for the delivery of small molecules into spider mites. Starting with mite maintenance and the preparation of the experimental mite populations of developmentally synchronized larvae and adults, we describe 3 methods for delivery of small molecules including artificial diet, leaf coating, and soaking. The presented results define critical steps in these methods and demonstrate that they can successfully deliver tracer dyes into mites. Described protocols provide guidelines for high-throughput setups for delivery of experimental compounds that could be used in reverse genetics platforms to modulate gene expression or protein activity, or for screens focused on discovery of new molecules for mite control. In addition, described protocols could be adapted for other Tetranychidae and related species of economic importance such as Varroa, dust and poultry mites.

| S-EPMC5501582 | biostudies-literature

Cyflumetofen resistance in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae

2017-05-12 | E-GEOD-62916 | biostudies-arrayexpress

spatially- and tempospatially-stressed spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) vs control spider mites (Tetranychus urticae)

Project description:In this study, we profiled the transcriptional changes in a polyphagous spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, after adaptation to spatial and tempospatial stress. We show heritable down-regulation of genes encoding for core enzymes involved in the citric acid and gluconeogenesis/glycolyse pathways (glucose 6-phosphatase among others). Additionally, we observe heritable transcriptional changes in amino acid pathways (methionine, tyrosine and phenylalanine) and in laterally acquired genes from bacteria (cobalamin-independent methionine synthase). By similiar study results in other organisms, we argue that these heritable transcriptional changes (partially) underpin the changed life history traits observed in our experimental evolution set-up.

2016-05-02 | GSE55623 | GEO

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