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Novel long non-coding RNAs are involved in cellular response to angiotensin II signaling

ABSTRACT: Angiotensin II (AngII) is a polypeptide hormone that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), AngII signaling results in hypertrophy, proliferation, contraction, and migration, which ultimately promote atherosclerosis and hypertensive cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have shown that fundamental biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation are mediated in part by the activities of long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we sought to identify lncRNAs that are involved in the response to AngII-signaling. Genome-wide analysis of de novo assembled transcripts from rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) identified novel lncRNA as well as protein-coding transcripts which have not been previously annotated. The majority of the genomic loci from which these novel transcripts are transcribed are enriched for histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation and histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation, two chromatin modifications that are closely associated with actively transcribed regions, further supporting these as bona fide transcripts. Compared with previously annotated rat transcripts, these novel lncRNA transcripts, on average, are shorter in length and are less abundant, consistent with reports from mice and humans. Expression analyses of transcripts from control and AngII-stimulated VSMCs reveal that AngII signaling affects the abundance of both protein-coding transcripts as well as lncRNAs transcripts. Altogether, these data provide new insights into the global effects of AngII signaling and reveal potential novel therapeutic targets for treatment of AngII-associated cardiovascular diseases.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE38056 | GEO | 2013/06/30

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA167134

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The 9p21.3 cardiovascular disease locus is the most influential common genetic risk factor for coronary artery disease, accounting for ~10-15% of disease among non-African populations. The ~60kb risk haplotype is human-specific and lacks coding genes, hindering efforts to decipher its function. Genetic studies implicate the 9p21.3 locus and other risk genes to effects in the vascular wall. Here, we use genome editing to delete the entire risk on non-risk haplotype from the genomes of human iPSCs and perform genomewide transcriptional profiling along the timecourse of their differentiation into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). These studies identify a network of ~3000 genes governed by the risk haplotype in VSMCs that predict deficits in cell division, adhesion and contraction, which we confirmufunctionally. Remarkably, deleting the risk haplotype reverts VSMCs to resemble the non-risk VSMCs, suggesting that the risk region drives a cell state transition. transcriptionally and functionally. . Deleting the risk haplotype reverts these cells to reverted to the non-risk of iPSCs we show that the non-risk haplotype has little effect on locus we produce iPSCs from risk and non-risk individuals, delete each haplotype using genome editing and generate vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We show that risk VSMCs exhibit aberrant adhesion and contraction, concomitant with dramatically altered global transcriptional changes that are enriched in previously identified cardiovascular disease genes and pathways. Unexpectedly, deleting the risk haplotype rescues VSMC transcriptional identity and function, while expressing the 9p21.3-associated long non-coding RNA ANRIL induces risk phenotypes in non-risk VSMCs. This studies shows that the risk haplotype dominantly predisposes VSMCs to adopt perturbed phenotypes associated with cardiovascular disease and establishes haplotype-edited iPSCs as powerful tools for functionally annotating human-specific variation in non-coding genomic regions.

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Novel long non-coding RNAs are involved in cellular response to angiotensin II signaling

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