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Genome-wide maps of Six2 and b-catenin in mesenchymal nephron progenitors

ABSTRACT: Self-renewing undifferentiated nephron progenitors express Six2, a transcription factor that is required for their maintenance as undifferentiated progenitors. Differentiation of nephron progenitors is triggered by Wnt/b-catenin signaling. In order to understand how Six2 and Wnt signaling counteract each other, we performed ChIP-seq of Six2 and b-catenin in mesenchymal nephron progenitor cells.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE39837 | GEO | 2012/09/11

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA172117

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Genome-wide maps of Six2 and b-catenin in mesenchymal nephron progenitors

Project description:Self-renewing undifferentiated nephron progenitors express Six2, a transcription factor that is required for their maintenance as undifferentiated progenitors. Differentiation of nephron progenitors is triggered by Wnt/b-catenin signaling. In order to understand how Six2 and Wnt signaling counteract each other, we performed ChIP-seq of Six2 and b-catenin in mesenchymal nephron progenitor cells. Nephron progenitors were FACS-isolated from BAC transgenic Six2GFPcre-positive embryonic kidneys at E16.5. For Six2 ChIP, freshly FACS isolated Six2+ cells were used. For b-catenin ChIP, FACS isolated Six2+ cells were aggregated by centrifugation at 850g for 5min and incubated in 10%FBS/DMEM containing 4uM BIO for 24hrs.

2012-09-11 | E-GEOD-39837 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression profiling of Six2-positive nephron progenitors from mouse embryo

Project description:Nephron progenitors in the embryonic kidney propagate while generating differentiated nephrons. However, the progenitors in mice terminally differentiate shortly after birth. We defined culture conditions to selectively propagated nephron progenitors in vitro in an undifferentiated state. To understand how expression profiles of Six2+ cells changed during culture in vitro compared with in vivo, we performed microarray analysis of Six2+ cells at E11.5 (starting material) and P0 (experiencing 8 days in vivo), and cultured Six2+ cells at E11.5 for 8 days or 19 days. Microarray analysis were performed with isolated Six2-positive nephron progenitors from transgenic mice embryo at E11.5 or P0, and cultured E11.5 Six2+ cells for 8 or 19 days in conditioned media. P0 non-progenitors represent Six2-GFP-negative cells at P0.

2016-04-14 | E-GEOD-79024 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression profiling of Six2-positive nephron progenitors from mouse embryo

2016-04-14 | GSE79024 | GEO

Haploinsufficiency for SIX2 increases nephron progenitor proliferation leading to elevated branching and nephron number

Project description:The regulation of final nephron number in the kidney is poorly understood. However, cessation of nephron formation occurs when the self-renewing nephron progenitor population commits to differentiation. Transcription factors within this progenitor population, such as SIX2, are assumed to control expression of genes promoting self-renewal such that homozygous Six2 deletion results in premature commitment and an early halt to kidney development. In contrast, Six2 heterozygotes were assumed to be unaffected. Using quantitative morphometry, we demonstrate here a paradoxical 18% increase in ureteric branching and final nephron number in Six2 heterozygotes, despite evidence for reduced levels of SIX2 protein and transcript. This is accompanied by a clear shift in nephron progenitor identity with a distinct subset of progenitor genes, including Cited1 and Meox1, downregulated, while others were unaffected. The net result was an increase in nephron progenitor proliferation, as assessed by elevated EDU labelling, an increase in MYC protein and transcriptional upregulation of MYC target genes. Reducing proliferation by introducing Six2 heterozygosity onto the Fgf20-/- background resulted in premature differentiation of the progenitor population. Overall, this data demonstrates a unique dose response of the nephron progenitors to the level of SIX2 protein in which the role of SIX2 in progenitor proliferation versus self-renewal is separable.

2017-12-31 | GSE103219 | GEO

Tet2 and Tet3 mediated active cytosine hydroxymethylation in Six2 progenitor cells is critical for nephron progenitor differentiation and nephron endowment

Project description:Nephron endowment is a key determinant of later life hypertension and kidney disease. Here we studied whether epigenetic changes, specifically the ten–eleven translocation (Tet) DNA demethylase family, Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3-mediated active DNA hydroxymethylation is necessary for gene expression regulation and kidney differentiation. We generated mice with deletion of Tet1, Tet2 or Tet3 in Six2 positive nephron progenitors (NP). We did not observe changes in development or kidney function in mice with nephron progenitor-specific deletion of Tet1, Tet2, Tet3 or Tet1/Tet2 or Tet1/Tet3. On the other hand, mice with combined Tet2 and Tet3 loss in Six2-positive NPCs failed to form nephrons leading to kidney failure and perinatal death. Tet2 and Tet3 loss in Six2-positive NPs resulted in defect in mesenchymal to epithelial transition and renal vesicle differentiation. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing, single cell RNA sequencing, and gene and protein expression assay identified a defect in expression in genes in the WNT-β-catenin signaling pathway in absence of Tet2 and Tet3 due to a failure in demethylation of these loci. Our results indicate the key role of Tet2 and Tet3-mediated active cytosine hydroxymethylation in NPs in kidney development and nephron endowment.

2022-11-23 | GSE212715 | GEO

Transcriptional response of cap mesenchyme (undifferentiated nephron progenitors) to Wnt activation

Project description:During mammalian kidney development, mesenchymal nephron progenitors (cap mesenchyme) differentiate into the epithelial cells that go on to form the nephron. Although differentiation of nephron progenitors is triggered by activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling, constitutive activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling blocks epithelialization of nephron progenitors. Full epithelialization of nephron progenitors requires transient activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling. We performed transcriptional profiling of nephron progenitors responding to constitutive or transient activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling. Nephron progenitors were FACS-isolated from BAC transgenic Six2GFPcre-positive embryonic kidneys at E16.5. Cells were aggregated by centrifugation at 850g for 5min and incubated in 10%FBS/DMEM containing either 4uM BIO or the equal volume of DMSO for 24hrs or 48hrs.

2012-09-11 | E-GEOD-39583 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptional response of cap mesenchyme (undifferentiated nephron progenitors) to Wnt activation

2012-09-11 | GSE39583 | GEO

Transcriptional responses in SIX2 nephron progenitor cells following mitochondrial complex III subunit 7 (Qpc) inactivation

Project description:To identify novel transcriptional targets following Qpc inactivation. We deleteted Qpc in SIX2 nephron progenitor cells using a Six2-eGFP/cre BAC transgene. We compared SIX2-expressing progenitors from Six2-Qpc-/- kidneys with control (Six2-Qpc+/-) embryonic kidneys at E18.5.

2022-06-29 | GSE158299 | GEO

Six1 and Six2 of the sine oculis homeobox subfamily are not functionally interchangeable in mouse nephron formation

Project description:The vertebrate Six1 and Six2 arose by gene duplication from the Drosophila so (sine oculis) and have since diverged in their developmental expression patterns. Both genes are expressed in nephron progenitors of human fetal kidneys, and mutations in SIX1 or SIX2 cause branchio-oto-renal or renal hypodysplasia respectively. Since ~80% of SIX1 target sites are shared by SIX2, it is speculated that SIX1 and SIX2 may be functionally interchangeable by targeting common downstream genes. In contrast, in mouse kidneys, the expression of Six1 and Six2 only transiently overlaps in the metanephric mesenchyme before the onset of ureteric branching, and only Six2 expression is maintained in the nephron progenitors throughout development. This non-overlapping expression between Six1 and Six2 in mouse nephron progenitors promoted us to examine if Six1 can replace Six2. Surprisingly, forced expression of Six1 failed to rescue Six2-deficient kidney hypoplasia. We found that Six1 mediated Eya1 nuclear translocation and inhibited premature epithelialization of the progenitors but failed to rescue the proliferation defects and cell death caused by Six2-knockout. Genome-wide binding analyses showed that Six1 only bound to a small subset of Six2 target sites, but many Six2-bound loci that are crucial to the renewal and differentiation of nephron progenitors lacked Six1 occupancy. Thus, these data indicate that Six1 cannot substitute Six2 to drive nephrogenesis in mouse kidneys, demonstrating that these two transcription factors have not maintained equivalent biochemical properties since their divergence early in vertebrate evolution.

2022-01-27 | GSE189131 | GEO

Genome-wide maps of SIX1, SIX2, and active loci in human fetal kidneys generated from ChIP-seq data.

Project description:SIX2 is expressed by the self-renewing nephron progenitors in the human fetal kidney. We have also discovered that SIX1 is expressed in nephron progenitor population of the human fetal kidney, which is in contrast to the mouse. We performed ChIP-seq of SIX1 and SIX2 in order to identify the target genes of each factor and compare the role that each factor plays in transcriptional regulation of the nephron progenitors. We additionally performed ChIP-seq for p300 and H3K27ac in order to identify active loci and complement the transcription factor data.

2016-05-23 | GSE75948 | GEO

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