Analysis of target genes induced by the Amyloid Precursor Protein Intracellular Domain
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE4097 | GEO | 2006/05/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA95255
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimerâ??s disease (AD). Processing of APP by β- and γ-secretase activities results in the production of Ã?-amyloid (AÃ?), the main constituent of Alzheimer plaques, but also in the generation of the APP intracellular domain (AICD). Recently, it has been demonstrated that AICD has transactivation potential, however, the targets of AICD dependent gene regulation and hence the physiological role of AICD remain largely unknown. In this work we analysed transcriptome changes during AICD dependent gene regulation using a human neural cell culture system inducible for expression of AICD, its co-activator Fe65, or the combination of both. Induction of AICD was associated with increased expression of genes with known function in the organization and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton as well as genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis.
2007-06-22 | E-GEOD-4097 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The β-amyloid precursor protein APP and the related APLPs, undergo complex proteolytic processing giving rise to several fragments. Whereas it is well established that Aβ accumulation is a central trigger for Alzheimer disease (AD), the physiological role of APP family members and their diverse proteolytic products is still largely unknown. The secreted APPsα ectodomain has been shown to be involved in neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. The γ-secretase generated APP intracellular domain AICD, functions as a transciptional regulator in heterologous reporter assays, although its role for endogenous gene regulation has remained controversial. To gain further insight into the molecular changes associated with knockout phenotypes and to elucidate the physiological functions of APP family members including their proposed role as transcriptional regulators we performed a DNA microarray transcriptome profiling of the frontal cortex of adult wild type, APP-/-, APLP2-/- and APPsα knockin (KI) mice, APPα/α, expressing solely the secreted APPsα ectodomain. Biological pathways affected by the lack of APP family members included regulation of neurogenesis, regulation of transcription and regulation of neuron projection development. Comparative analysis of transcriptome changes and qPCR validation identified co-regulated gene sets. Interestingly, these included heat shock proteins and plasticity related genes that were down-regulated in knock-out cortices. In contrast, we failed to detect significant differences in expression of previously proposed AICD target genes including Bace1, Kai1, Gsk3b, p53, Tip60 and Vglut2. Only Egfr was slightly up-regulated in APLP2-/- mice. Comparison of APP-/- and APPα/α with wild-type mice revealed a high proportion of co-regulated genes indicating an important role of the C-terminus for cellular signaling. Finally, comparison of APLP2-/- on different genetic backgrounds revealed that background related transcriptome changes may dominate over changes due to the knockout of a single gene. Shared transcriptome profiles corroborated closely related physiological functions of APP family members in the adult central nervous system. As expression of proposed AICD target genes was not altered in adult cortex, this may indicate that these genes are not affected by lack of APP under resting conditions or only in a small subset of cells. Prefrontal cortices of adult male mice (24 - 28 weeks) of the following genotypes were analyzed: WT (n=3), APP-/- (n=3), APPα/α (n=3), APLP2-/- (n=3), APLP2(R1)-/- (n=3). WT, APP-/-, APPα/α, APLP2-/- had been backcrossed for six generations to C57BL/6 mice. APLP2(R1)-/- harbors the identical knockout allele as APLP2-/- but was back-crossed only once.
2011-03-18 | E-GEOD-25926 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Amyloid-ß (Aß) plaques are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer disease. However, the precise neuropathological changes that occur in brain in response to amyloid deposition are largely unknown. To study the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for Aß-mediated neuropathology, we performed a gene expression analysis on frontal neocortical brain tissue of APPPS1 mice compared to their littermate controls.
2014-11-04 | GSE15058 | GEO
Project description:Amyloid-ß (Aß) plaques are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer disease. However, the precise neuropathological changes that occur in brain in response to amyloid deposition are largely unknown. To study the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for Aß-mediated neuropathology, we performed a gene expression analysis on laser-microdissected brain tissue of Tg2576 mice compared to their littermate controls.
2014-11-04 | GSE15056 | GEO
Project description:The β-amyloid precursor protein APP and the related APLPs, undergo complex proteolytic processing giving rise to several fragments. Whereas it is well established that Aβ accumulation is a central trigger for Alzheimer disease (AD), the physiological role of APP family members and their diverse proteolytic products is still largely unknown. The secreted APPsα ectodomain has been shown to be involved in neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. The γ-secretase generated APP intracellular domain AICD, functions as a transciptional regulator in heterologous reporter assays, although its role for endogenous gene regulation has remained controversial. To gain further insight into the molecular changes associated with knockout phenotypes and to elucidate the physiological functions of APP family members including their proposed role as transcriptional regulators we performed a DNA microarray transcriptome profiling of the frontal cortex of adult wild type, APP-/-, APLP2-/- and APPsα knockin (KI) mice, APPα/α, expressing solely the secreted APPsα ectodomain. Biological pathways affected by the lack of APP family members included regulation of neurogenesis, regulation of transcription and regulation of neuron projection development. Comparative analysis of transcriptome changes and qPCR validation identified co-regulated gene sets. Interestingly, these included heat shock proteins and plasticity related genes that were down-regulated in knock-out cortices. In contrast, we failed to detect significant differences in expression of previously proposed AICD target genes including Bace1, Kai1, Gsk3b, p53, Tip60 and Vglut2. Only Egfr was slightly up-regulated in APLP2-/- mice. Comparison of APP-/- and APPα/α with wild-type mice revealed a high proportion of co-regulated genes indicating an important role of the C-terminus for cellular signaling. Finally, comparison of APLP2-/- on different genetic backgrounds revealed that background related transcriptome changes may dominate over changes due to the knockout of a single gene. Shared transcriptome profiles corroborated closely related physiological functions of APP family members in the adult central nervous system. As expression of proposed AICD target genes was not altered in adult cortex, this may indicate that these genes are not affected by lack of APP under resting conditions or only in a small subset of cells.
2011-03-18 | GSE25926 | GEO
Project description:Ortega2013 - Interplay between secretases
determines biphasic amyloid-beta level
This model is described in the article:
Interplay between ?-, ?-,
and ?-secretases determines biphasic amyloid-? protein level in
the presence of a ?-secretase inhibitor.
Ortega F, Stott J, Visser SA,
Bendtsen C.
J. Biol. Chem. 2013 Jan; 288(2):
785-792
Abstract:
Amyloid-? (A?) is produced by the consecutive cleavage of
amyloid precursor protein (APP) first by ?-secretase,
generating C99, and then by ?-secretase. APP is also cleaved by
?-secretase. It is hypothesized that reducing the production of
A? in the brain may slow the progression of Alzheimer disease.
Therefore, different ?-secretase inhibitors have been developed
to reduce A? production. Paradoxically, it has been shown that
low to moderate inhibitor concentrations cause a rise in A?
production in different cell lines, in different animal models,
and also in humans. A mechanistic understanding of the A? rise
remains elusive. Here, a minimal mathematical model has been
developed that quantitatively describes the A? dynamics in cell
lines that exhibit the rise as well as in cell lines that do
not. The model includes steps of APP processing through both
the so-called amyloidogenic pathway and the so-called
non-amyloidogenic pathway. It is shown that the cross-talk
between these two pathways accounts for the increase in A?
production in response to inhibitor, i.e. an increase in C99
will inhibit the non-amyloidogenic pathway, redirecting APP to
be cleaved by ?-secretase, leading to an additional increase in
C99 that overcomes the loss in ?-secretase activity. With a
minor extension, the model also describes plasma A? profiles
observed in humans upon dosing with a ?-secretase inhibitor. In
conclusion, this mechanistic model rationalizes a series of
experimental results that spans from in vitro to in vivo and to
humans. This has important implications for the development of
drugs targeting A? production in Alzheimer disease.
This model is hosted on
BioModels Database
and identified by:
BIOMD0000000556.
To cite BioModels Database, please use:
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quantitative kinetic models.
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or
neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to
the public domain worldwide. Please refer to
CC0
Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000556 | BioModels
Project description:The accumulation of amyloid-ß (Aß) peptides in the brain is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer`s disease (AD). Several studies indicate that microglia cells in the brain have the ability to internalize Aß by phagocytosis and might therefore play a protective role in AD. However, the mechanisms underlying Aß clearance remain unresolved. We have found that small molecule inhibitors of the ubiquitous glycogen synthase kinase 3ß (GSK3ß) stimulate the uptake of Aß by human THP-1 monocytes and primary murine microglia cells. To investigate how GSK3ß inhibitors might stimulate Aß uptake, we conducted microarray-based gene expression analyses of THP-1 cells after treatment with three different GSK3ß inhibitors. We identified a subset of genes similarly altered by all three inhibitors, including chemokines and surface receptors that have been linked to the regulation of microglial activation and phagocytosis.
2020-11-30 | GSE85238 | GEO
Project description:Despite its key role in Alzheimer pathogenesis, the physiological function(s) of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and of its proteolytic fragments are still poorly understood. The secreted APPs? ectodomain has been shown to be involved in neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. The ?-secretase generated APP intracellular domain, AICD, functions as a transcriptional regulator in heterologous reporter assays although its role for endogenous gene regulation has remained controversial. Previously, we have generated APPs? knockin (KI) mice expressing solely the secreted ectodomain APPs?. Here, we generated double mutants (APPs?-DM) by crossing APPs?-KI mice onto an APLP2-deficient background and show that APPs? rescues the postnatal lethality of the majority of APP/APLP2 double knockout mice. Despite normal CNS morphology and unaltered basal synaptic transmission, young APPs?-DM mice already showed pronounced hippocampal dysfunction, impaired spatial learning and a deficit in LTP. To gain further mechanistic insight into which domains/proteolytic fragments are crucial for hippocampal APP/APLP2 mediated functions, we performed a DNA microarray transcriptome profiling of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of adult APLP2-KO (APLP2-/-) and APPs?-DM mice (APP?/?APLP2-/- mice).Interestingly, this analysis failed to reveal major genotype-related transcriptional differences. Expression differences between cortex and hippocampus were, however, readily detectable. Prefrontal cortices and hippocampi of adult mice (38 - 40 weeks) of the following genotypes were analyzed: APLP2-KO (APLP2-/-) (n=3) and APPs?-DM (APP?/?APLP2-/-) (n=3).
2011-05-10 | E-GEOD-27888 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting memory and cognition. The disease is accompanied by an abnormal deposition of ß-amyloid plaques in the brain that contributes to neurodegeneration and is known to induce glial inflammation. Studies in the APP/PS1 mouse model of ß-amyloid-induced neuropathology have suggested a role for inflammasome activation in ß-amyloid-induced neuroinflammation and neuropathology. Here, we evaluated the in vivo role of microglia-selective and full body inflammasome signalling in several mouse models of ß-amyloid-induced AD neuropathology. Unexpectedly, microglia-specific deletion of the inflammasome regulator A20 and inflammasome effector protease caspase-1 in the AppNL-G-F and APP/PS1 models failed to identify a prominent role for microglial inflammasome signalling in ß-amyloid-induced neuropathology. Moreover, global inflammasome inactivation through respectively full body deletion of caspases 1 and 11 in AppNL-G-F mice and Nlrp3 deletion in APP/PS1 mice, also failed to modulate amyloid pathology and disease progression. In agreement, single-cell RNA sequencing did not reveal an important role for Nlrp3 signalling in driving microglial activation and the transition into disease-associated states, both during homeostasis and upon amyloid pathology. Collectively, these results question a generalizable role for inflammasome activation in pre-clinical amyloid-only models of neuroinflammation.
2024-01-17 | GSE249611 | GEO
Project description:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most frequent cause of dementia. The disease has a substantial genetic component comprising both highly penetrant familial mutations (APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2) and sporadic cases with complex genetic etiology. Mutations in APP and PSEN1/2 alter the proteolytic processing of APP to its metabolites, including Ab and APP Intracellular Domain (AICD). In this study, we use transgenic porcine models carrying the human APPsw and PSEN1M146I transgenes to demonstrate the pathobiological relevance of transcriptional regulation facilitated by APP and its AICD domain. Through molecular characterization of hippocampal tissue, we describe the differential expression of gene sets that cluster in molecular pathways with translational relevance to AD. We further identify phosphorylated and unphosphorylated AICD in differential complexes with proteins implicated in signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. Integrative genomic analysis of transcriptional changes in somatic cell cultures derived from pigs treated with g-secretase inhibitor demonstrates the importance of g-secretase APP processing in transcriptional regulation. Collectively, our data supports a model in which APP, and in particular its AICD domain, modulates gene networks associated with AD pathobiology through interaction with signaling proteins.
2024-02-04 | GSE254570 | GEO