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Clustered regulatory signals at nucleosome-depleted regions punctuate a constant nucleosomal landscape in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Schizosaccharomyces pombe

PROVIDER: GSE41773 | GEO | 2013/11/25

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA178151

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Clustered regulatory elements at nucleosome-depleted regions punctuate a constant nucleosomal landscape in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Nucleosomes facilitate the packaging of the eukaryotic genome and modulate the access of regulators to DNA. A detailed description of the nucleosomal organization under different transcriptional programmes is essential to understand their contribution to genomic regulation. RESULTS: To visualize the dynamics of individual nucleosomes under different transcriptional programmes we have generated high-resolution nucleosomal maps in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We show that 98.5% of the genome remains almost invariable during mitosis and meiosis while remodelling is limited to approximately 1100 nucleosomes in the promoters of a subset of meiotic genes. These inducible nucleosome-depleted regions (NDR) and also those constitutively present in the genome overlap precisely with clusters of binding sites for transcription factors (TF) specific for meiosis and for different functional classes of genes, respectively. Deletion of two TFs affects only a small fraction of all the NDRs to which they bind in vivo, indicating that TFs collectively contribute to NDR maintenance. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the nucleosomal profile in S. pombe is largely maintained under different physiological conditions and patterns of gene expression. This relatively constant landscape favours the concentration of regulators in constitutive and inducible NDRs. The combinatorial analysis of binding motifs in this discrete fraction of the genome will facilitate the definition of the transcriptional regulatory networks.

| S-EPMC4046669 | biostudies-literature

Clustered regulatory signals at nucleosome-depleted regions punctuate a constant nucleosomal landscape in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2013-11-25 | E-GEOD-41773 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Clustered regulatory signals at nucleosome-depleted regions punctuate a constant nucleosomal landscape in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Project description:Sequencing of mononucleosomal DNA during asynchronous mitosis and 0, 3 and 5 hours into meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Two samples from mononucleosomal DNA from asynchronous mitosis (haploid 972 h- and diploid pat1.114) and three samples from 0, 3 and 5 hours into meiosis (from diploid pat1.114) were sequenced (Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx) using the single-end read protocol.

2013-11-25 | E-GEOD-41772 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Clustered regulatory signals at nucleosome-depleted regions punctuate a constant nucleosomal landscape in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Project description:Mononucleosomal DNA analysis of atf1D and pcr1D mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and transcription analysis of exponential wild type 972 h-, atf1D, pcr1D and mitotic diploid pat1.114, and synchronous diploid pat1.114 at 0h, 3h and 5h into meiosis Mononucleosomal DNA vs. genomic input DNA in wildtype 972 h-, atf1D and pcr1D mutants of S. pombe was hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip 1.0FR tiling microarrays (GPL7715). Total RNA for genome-wide transcription analysis from exponential wild type 972 h-, atf1D, pcr1D and mitotic diploid pat1.114 cells, and from synchronous diploid pat1.114 at 0h, 3h and 5h into meiosis was hybridized to the same microarrays.

2013-11-25 | E-GEOD-41770 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Clustered regulatory signals at nucleosome-depleted regions punctuate a constant nucleosomal landscape in Schizosaccharomyces pombe [NGS_Illumina]

Project description:Sequencing of mononucleosomal DNA during asynchronous mitosis and 0, 3 and 5 hours into meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

2013-11-25 | GSE41772 | GEO

Clustered regulatory signals at nucleosome-depleted regions punctuate a constant nucleosomal landscape in Schizosaccharomyces pombe [Affymetrix]

2013-11-25 | GSE41770 | GEO

Gcn5 facilitates Pol II progression, rather than recruitment to nucleosome-depleted stress promoters, in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Project description:In the fission yeast, the MAP kinase Sty1 and the transcription factor Atf1 regulate up to 400 genes in response to environmental signals, and both proteins have been shown to bind to their promoters in a stress-dependent manner. In a genetic search, we have isolated the histone H3 acetyltransferase Gcn5, a component of the SAGA complex, as being essential for oxidative stress survival and activation of those genes. Upon stress, Gcn5 is recruited to promoters and coding sequences of stress genes in a Sty1- and Atf1-dependent manner, causing both an enhanced acetylation of histone H3 and nucleosome eviction. Unexpectedly, recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is not impaired in ?gcn5 cells. We show here that stress genes display a 400-bp long nucleosome depleted region upstream of the transcription start site even prior to activation. Stress treatment does not alter promoter nucleosome architecture, but induces eviction of the downstream nucleosomes at stress genes, which is not observed in ?gcn5 cells. We conclude that, while Pol II is recruited to nucleosome-free stress promoters in a transcription factor dependent manner, Gcn5 mediates eviction of nucleosomes positioned downstream of promoters, allowing efficient Pol II progression along the genes.

| S-EPMC3159446 | biostudies-literature

CHD1 remodelers regulate nucleosome spacing in vitro and align nucleosomal arrays over gene coding regions in S. pombe.

Project description:Nucleosome positioning governs access to eukaryotic genomes. Many genes show a stereotypic organisation at their 5'end: a nucleosome free region just upstream of the transcription start site (TSS) followed by a regular nucleosomal array over the coding region. The determinants for this pattern are unclear, but nucleosome remodelers are likely critical. Here we study the role of remodelers in global nucleosome positioning in S. pombe and the corresponding changes in expression. We find a striking evolutionary shift in remodeler usage between budding and fission yeast. The S. pombe RSC complex does not seem to be involved in nucleosome positioning, despite its prominent role in S. cerevisiae. While S. pombe lacks ISWI-type remodelers, it has two CHD1-type ATPases, Hrp1 and Hrp3. We demonstrate nucleosome spacing activity for Hrp1 and Hrp3 in vitro, and that together they are essential for linking regular genic arrays to most TSSs in vivo. Impaired arrays in the absence of either or both remodelers may lead to increased cryptic antisense transcription, but overall gene expression levels are only mildly affected.

| S-EPMC3512388 | biostudies-literature

Nitrogen depletion in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe causes nucleosome loss in both promoters and coding regions of activated genes.

Project description:Gene transcription is associated with local changes in chromatin, both in nucleosome positions and in chemical modifications of the histones. Chromatin dynamics has mostly been studied on a single-gene basis. Those genome-wide studies that have been made primarily investigated steady-state transcription. However, three studies of genome-wide changes in chromatin during the transcriptional response to heat shock in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed nucleosome eviction in promoter regions but only minor effects in coding regions. Here, we describe the short-term response to nitrogen starvation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Nitrogen depletion leads to a fast induction of a large number of genes in S. pombe and is thus suitable for genome-wide studies of chromatin dynamics during gene regulation. After 20 min of nitrogen removal, 118 transcripts were up-regulated. The distribution of regulated genes throughout the genome was not random; many up-regulated genes were found in clusters, while large parts of the genome were devoid of up-regulated genes. Surprisingly, this up-regulation was associated with nucleosome eviction of equal magnitudes in the promoters and in the coding regions. The nucleosome loss was not limited to induction by nitrogen depletion but also occurred during cadmium treatment. Furthermore, the lower nucleosome density persisted for at least 60 min after induction. Two highly induced genes, urg1(+) and urg2(+), displayed a substantial nucleosome loss, with only 20% of the nucleosomes being left in the coding region. We conclude that nucleosome loss during transcriptional activation is not necessarily limited to promoter regions.

| S-EPMC2840984 | biostudies-literature

Chemical map of Schizosaccharomyces pombe reveals species-specific features in nucleosome positioning.

Project description:Using a recently developed chemical approach, we have generated a genome-wide map of nucleosomes in vivo in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe) at base pair resolution. The shorter linker length previously identified in S. pombe is due to a preponderance of nucleosomes separated by ?4/5 bp, placing nucleosomes on opposite faces of the DNA. The periodic dinucleotide feature thought to position nucleosomes is equally strong in exons as in introns, demonstrating that nucleosome positioning information can be superimposed on coding information. Unlike the case in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, A/T-rich sequences are enriched in S. pombe nucleosomes, particularly at ±20 bp around the dyad. This difference in nucleosome binding preference gives rise to a major distinction downstream of the transcription start site, where nucleosome phasing is highly predictable by A/T frequency in S. pombe but not in S. cerevisiae, suggesting that the genomes and DNA binding preferences of nucleosomes have coevolved in different species. The poly (dA-dT) tracts affect but do not deplete nucleosomes in S. pombe, and they prefer special rotational positions within the nucleosome, with longer tracts enriched in the 10- to 30-bp region from the dyad. S. pombe does not have a well-defined nucleosome-depleted region immediately upstream of most transcription start sites; instead, the -1 nucleosome is positioned with the expected spacing relative to the +1 nucleosome, and its occupancy is negatively correlated with gene expression. Although there is generally very good agreement between nucleosome maps generated by chemical cleavage and micrococcal nuclease digestion, the chemical map shows consistently higher nucleosome occupancy on DNA with high A/T content.

| S-EPMC3864286 | biostudies-literature

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