A key role for neuropeptide Y in lifespan extension and cancer suppression by dietary restriction
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE42761 | GEO | 2013/02/28
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA183071
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Key molecules that modulate the effect of dietary restriction (DR), a well-known laboratory intervention for longevity in organisms, remain elusive in mammals. We evaluated neuropeptide Y (Npy), which is involved in the physiological adaptation to energy deficits, for its role in the effects of DR. At 12 weeks of age, Npy-/- and WT mice were divided into the AL (ad libitum) and DR groups. The DR groups received a food allotment consisting of 70% of the mean daily food intake of the AL groups. Two replicates per genotype per feeding group.
2013-02-28 | E-GEOD-42761 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Dietary restriction (DR) has been shown to increase lifespan in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. This suggests that the underlying mechanisms may be evolutionarily conserved. Indeed, upstream signalling pathways, such as TOR, are strongly linked to DR-induced longevity in various organisms. However, the downstream effector proteins that ultimately mediate lifespan extension are less clear. To shed light on this, we used a proteomic approach on budding yeast. Our reasoning was that analysis of proteome-wide changes in response to DR might enable the identification of proteins that mediate its physiological effects, including lifespan extension. Of over 2500 proteins we identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, 183 were significantly altered in expression by at least 3-fold in response to DR. Most of these proteins were mitochondrial and/or had clear links to respiration and metabolism. Indeed, direct analysis of oxygen consumption confirmed that mitochondrial respiration was increased several-fold in response to DR. In addition, several key proteins involved in mating, including Ste2 and Ste6, were downregulated by DR. Consistent with this, shmoo formation in response to α-factor pheromone was reduced by DR, thus confirming the inhibitory effect of DR on yeast mating. Finally, we found that Hsp26, a member of the conserved small heat shock protein (sHSP) family, was upregulated by DR and that overexpression of Hsp26 extends yeast replicative lifespan. As overexpression of sHSPs in C. elegans and Drosophila has previously been shown to extend lifespan, our data on yeast Hsp26 suggest that sHSPs may be universally conserved effectors of longevity.
2022-02-17 | PXD025004 | Pride
Project description:Knowledge of genes essential for the life-extending effect of dietary restriction (DR) in mammals is incomplete. In this study, we found that neuropeptide Y (Npy), which mediates physiological adaptations to energy deficits, is an essential link between DR and longevity in mice. The lifespan-prolonging effect of lifelong 30% DR was attenuated in Npy-null mice, as was the effect on the occurrence of spontaneous tumors and oxidative stress responses in comparison to wild-type mice. In contrast, the physiological processes activated during adaptation to DR, including inhibition of anabolic signaling molecules (insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1), modulation of adipokine and corticosterone levels, and preferential fatty acid oxidation, were unaffected by the absence of Npy. These results suggest a key role for Npy in mediating the effects of DR. We also provide evidence that most of the physiological adaptations to DR could be achieved in mice without Npy.
| S-EPMC3970128 | biostudies-literature
Project description:DNA repair-deficient Ercc1Δ/- mice show premature cell death, senescence and numerous accelerated aging features limiting lifespan to 4-6 month. Simultaneously they exhibit a ‘survival response’, which suppresses growth and enhances maintenance, resembling the anti-aging response induced by dietary restriction (DR). Here we report that subjecting these progeroid, dwarf mutants to actual dietary restriction (DR) resulted in the largest lifespan increase recorded in mammals. Thirty percent DR tripled median and maximal remaining lifespan, and drastically retarded numerous aspects of accelerated aging, e.g. DR animals retained 50% more neurons and maintained full motoric function. The DR response in Ercc1Δ/- mice resembled DR in wild type animals including reduced insulin signaling. Interestingly, ad libitum Ercc1Δ/- liver expression profiles showed preferential extinction of expression of long genes, consistent with genome-wide accumulation of stochastic, transcription-blocking lesions, which affect long genes more than short ones. DR largely prevented this decline of transcriptional output, indicating that DR prolongs genome function. Our findings strengthen the link between DNA damage and aging, establish Ercc1Δ/- mice as powerful model for identifying interventions to promote healthy aging, reveal untapped potential for reducing endogenous damage, provide new venues for understanding the molecular mechanism of DR, and suggest a counterintuitive DR-like therapy for human progeroid genome instability syndromes and DR-like interventions for preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
2016-09-09 | GSE77226 | GEO
Project description:DNA repair-deficient Ercc1Δ/- mice show premature cell death, senescence and numerous accelerated aging features limiting lifespan to 4-6 month. Simultaneously they exhibit a ‘survival response’, which suppresses growth and enhances maintenance, resembling the anti-aging response induced by dietary restriction (DR). Here we report that subjecting these progeroid, dwarf mutants to actual dietary restriction (DR) resulted in the largest lifespan increase recorded in mammals. Thirty percent DR tripled median and maximal remaining lifespan, and drastically retarded numerous aspects of accelerated aging, e.g. DR animals retained 50% more neurons and maintained full motoric function. The DR response in Ercc1Δ/- mice resembled DR in wild type animals including reduced insulin signaling. Interestingly, ad libitum Ercc1Δ/- liver expression profiles showed preferential extinction of expression of long genes, consistent with genome-wide accumulation of stochastic, transcription-blocking lesions, which affect long genes more than short ones. DR largely prevented this decline of transcriptional output, indicating that DR prolongs genome function. Our findings strengthen the link between DNA damage and aging, establish Ercc1Δ/- mice as powerful model for identifying interventions to promote healthy aging, reveal untapped potential for reducing endogenous damage, provide new venues for understanding the molecular mechanism of DR, and suggest a counterintuitive DR-like therapy for human progeroid genome instability syndromes and DR-like interventions for preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
2016-09-09 | GSE77321 | GEO
Project description:Dietary restriction (DR) is the most effective and reproducible intervention to extend lifespan in divergent species1. In mammals, two regimens of DR, intermittent fasting (IF) and caloric restriction (CR), have proven to extend lifespan and reduce the incidence of age-related disorders2. An important characteristic of IF is that it can increase lifespan, even when there is little or no overall decrease in calorie intake2. The molecular mechanisms underlying IF-induced longevity, however, remain largely unknown. Here we establish an IF regimen that effectively extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, and show that a nutrient-related signalling molecule, the low molecular weight GTPase Cel-Rheb, has a dual role in lifespan regulation; Cel-Rheb is required for the IF-induced longevity, whereas inhibition of Cel-Rheb mimics the CR effects. We also show that Cel-Rheb exerts its effects in part via the insulin/IGF-like signalling effector DAF-16 in IF, and that Cel-Rheb is required for fasting-induced nuclear translocation of DAF-16. We find that HSP-12.6, a DAF-16 target, functions to mediate the IF-induced longevity. Furthermore, our analyses demonstrate that most of fasting-induced upregulated genes require Cel-Rheb function for their induction, and that Cel-Rheb/Cel-TOR signalling is required for the fasting-induced downregulation of an insulin-like peptide, INS-7. These findings identify the essential role of signalling via Cel-Rheb in IF-induced longevity and gene expression changes, and suggest a molecular link between the IF-induced longevity and the insulin/IGF-like signalling pathway.
2008-12-15 | GSE9682 | GEO
Project description:Anorexia is a common symptom among cancer patients and contributes to malnutrition and insufficient food intake. In cancer-induced anorexia, food intake regulation in the hypothalamus appears to be impaired. A negative energy balance persists and accelerates muscle wasting and malnutrition. Moreover, it strongly affects mortality and survival in these patients. Here, we show that the neuropeptide Y system (NPY) appears to fail to respond adequately to changes in energy balance during cancer cachexia. In addition, we investigate the connection between serotonin and NPY release in hypothalamic cell lines. Hypothalamic neuronal cells mHypoE-46 (serotonin sensitive cells) and mHypoA-2/12 (serotonin unresponsive cells) were used to study the effect of serotonin on messenger NPY expression and NPY excretion.
2014-10-31 | E-GEOD-57189 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Dietary restriction (DR) is the most powerful natural means to extend lifespan. Although several genes can mediate responses to alternate DR regimens, no single genetic intervention has recapitulated the full effects of DR, and no unified system is known for different DR regimens. Here we obtain temporally resolved transcriptomes during calorie restriction and intermittent fasting in Caenorhabditis elegans and find that early and late responses involve metabolism and cell cycle/DNA damage, respectively. We uncover three network modules of DR regulators by their target specificity. By genetic manipulations of nodes representing discrete modules, we induce transcriptomes that progressively resemble DR as multiple nodes are perturbed. Targeting all three nodes simultaneously results in extremely long-lived animals that are refractory to DR. These results and dynamic simulations demonstrate that extensive feedback controls among regulators may be leveraged to drive the regulatory circuitry to a younger steady state, recapitulating the full effect of DR.
| S-EPMC5110149 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2016-01-22 | GSE77111 | GEO
Project description:Sir2 is the most intensively discussed longevity gene in current aging research. Although the gene encoding for a NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase initially was found to extend lifespan of various organisms ranging from yeast to mammals, serious doubts regarding its role in longevity have been expressed recently. In this study, we tested whether tissue-specific overexpression of Sir2 in the adult fat body can extend lifespan when compared to genetically identical controls. We also wanted to elucidate the mechanisms by which fat body Sir2 promotes longevity by studying the phenotypic and transcriptional changes in the fat body. We found that moderate (3-fold) Sir2 overexpression in the fat body during adulthood only can promote longevity in both sexes by roughly 13 %. In addition, we obtained transcriptional profiles elicited by this overexpression and propose a role for Sir2 in lipid droplet biology especially under conditions of starvation. Furthermore, our data do not support the idea of Sir2 mediating the response to dietary restriction (DR) because transcriptional profiles of fat bodies after DR or Sir2 overexpression do not match. This study provides additional independent evidence for the concept of Sir2 as a longevity gene and as a promising pharmacological target to cure age-related diseases. 6 groups of sample types were included in the experiment: a) females overexpressing Sir2 in the fat body b) female controls c) males overexpressing Sir2 in the fat body d) male controls e) wildtype females subjected to DR f) wildtype females feeding on a normal diet. 3 biological replicates were included per group.
2013-05-01 | E-GEOD-45974 | biostudies-arrayexpress