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IL-33 markedly induces murine eosinophil gene transcription via autocrine IL-4-dependent and -independent mechanisms

ABSTRACT: Eosinophils are major effector cells in type 2 inflammatory responses and become activated in response to IL-4 and IL-33, yet the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We examined the direct effect of these cytokines on eosinophils and demonstrated that murine eosinophils respond to IL-4 and IL-33 by phosphorylation of STAT-6 and NFkB, respectively. RNA sequencing analysis of murine eosinophils indicated that IL-33 regulates 519 genes, whereas IL-4 regulates only 28 genes, including 19 IL-33-regulated genes. Interestingly, IL-33 induced eosinophil activation via two distinct mechanisms, IL-4 independent and IL-4 secretion/auto-stimulation dependent. Anti-IL-4 or anti-IL-4Ra antibody-treated eosinophils, as well as Il4- or Stat6-deficient eosinophils, had attenuated protein secretion of a subset of IL-33-induced genes, including Retnla and Ccl17. However, the induction of most IL-33-regulated transcripts (e.g. Il6 and Il13) was IL-4 independent and blocked by NFkB inhibition. Indeed, IL-33 induced the rapid release of pre-formed IL-4 protein from eosinophils by an NFkB-dependent mechanism. Thus, we have identified a novel activation pathway in murine eosinophils that is induced by IL-33 and differentially dependent upon IL-4. These data suggest that IL-4 plays a critical role in auto-amplification of IL-33-induced eosinophil activation and could be a potential target for therapeutic approaches in IL-33-related eosinophil-associated diseases.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE43660 | GEO | 2013/08/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA186948

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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IL-33 markedly induces murine eosinophil gene transcription via autocrine IL-4-dependent and -independent mechanisms

Project description:Eosinophils are major effector cells in type 2 inflammatory responses and become activated in response to IL-4 and IL-33, yet the molecular mechanism remains unclear. We examined the direct effect of these cytokines on eosinophils and demonstrated that murine eosinophils respond to IL-4 and IL-33 by phosphorylation of STAT-6 and NFkB, respectively. RNA sequencing analysis of murine eosinophils indicated that IL-33 regulates 519 genes, whereas IL-4 regulates only 28 genes, including 19 IL-33-regulated genes. Interestingly, IL-33 induced eosinophil activation via two distinct mechanisms, IL-4 independent and IL-4 secretion/auto-stimulation dependent. Anti-IL-4 or anti-IL-4Ra antibody-treated eosinophils, as well as Il4- or Stat6-deficient eosinophils, had attenuated protein secretion of a subset of IL-33-induced genes, including Retnla and Ccl17. However, the induction of most IL-33-regulated transcripts (e.g. Il6 and Il13) was IL-4 independent and blocked by NFkB inhibition. Indeed, IL-33 induced the rapid release of pre-formed IL-4 protein from eosinophils by an NFkB-dependent mechanism. Thus, we have identified a novel activation pathway in murine eosinophils that is induced by IL-33 and differentially dependent upon IL-4. These data suggest that IL-4 plays a critical role in auto-amplification of IL-33-induced eosinophil activation and could be a potential target for therapeutic approaches in IL-33-related eosinophil-associated diseases. Low density bone marrow derived murine eosinophils were generated in culture over the period of 14 days. Eosinophils were activated by either IL-33 or IL-4 at 10 ng/ml for 1hr and 4hr. RNA was collected and subjected to next generation sequencing.

2013-08-01 | E-GEOD-43660 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mouse resident lung eosinophils are dependent on IL-5

Project description:Purpose: we aimed to characterized eosinophils in the murine model of asthma Methods: Eosinophils were sorted from the lung of naïve and and HDM-induced asthma mice. There after RNA was extracted from the sorted eosinophils and subjected to RNAseq. Results:we demonstrated that resident lung eosinophils require IL-5 for their survival and that the expression of Siglec-F, is regulated by IL-5 . Conclusion: Our data suggest that the distinct eosinophil populations in the asthmatic lung represent a continuum of activation states rather than distinct eosinophil subsets.

2023-04-17 | GSE203225 | GEO

Effect of IL-33 in bone marrow derived eosinophils

Project description:This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL-33 in eosinophil in the context of arthritis. To address this, bone marrow derived eosinophils were generated and treated with or without IL-33 for 3 hours. Then total RNAs were subjected to the study.

2024-11-14 | GSE255597 | GEO

Characterization of long-term IL-33 administration as an animal model of pulmonary arterial hypertension

Project description:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by severe obstruction of small pulmonary arteries and concomitant high pulmonary arterial pressure, resulting in progressive right ventricular failure. Previously, we demonstrated that long-term interleukin (IL)-33 administration in mice induced severe occlusive arterial hypertrophy in the lung, which was mediated by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). In response to IL-33, ILC2s accumulated around blood vessels and produced IL-5, leading to perivascular eosinophil recruitment. In this study, we further characterized IL-33-induced pulmonary arterial hypertrophy. We first demonstrated that long-term IL-33 administration caused an increase in the right ventricular pressure. In IL-33 deficient mice, pulmonary arterial hypertrophy mediated by eggs of Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) was attenuated, accompanied with partial reduction in ILC2s, eosinophils and CD4+ T cells. In addition, proteomic analysis revealed dramatic changes in urine samples from mice treated with IL-33 or S. mansoni eggs. Resistin like alpha (RELM), a pulmonary hypertension-related molecule, in the urine was commonly detected in both treatments. Large amounts of RELM were observed in the lung from IL-33-treated mice. These observations support that IL-33-induced pulmonary arterial hypertrophy is a useful model to study the mechanism underlying development of PAH and expolar biomarkers to indicate the onset of PAH.

2024-09-27 | PXD055773 | JPOST Repository

Transcriptional analysis of TREM-1+ and TREM-1- airway eosinophils during allergic inflammation

Project description:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) an innate receptor that canonically amplifies inflammatory signaling in neutrophils and monocytes, plays a central role in regulating lung inflammation. Utilizing a murine model of asthma, flow cytometry revealed TREM-1+ eosinophils in the lung tissue and airway during allergic airway inflammation. TREM-1 expression was restricted to recruited, inflammatory eosinophils. Expression was induced on bone marrow derived eosinophils by incubation with IL-33, LPS, or GM-CSF. Compared to TREM-1- airway eosinophils, TREM-1+ eosinophils were enriched for pro-inflammatory gene sets including migration, respiratory burst, and cytokine production. Unexpectedly, eosinophil-specific ablation of TREM-1 increased airway IL-5 and lung tissue eosinophil accumulation. Further investigation of transcriptional data revealed apoptosis related gene sets were enriched in TREM-1+ eosinophils. Annexin V staining demonstrated higher rates of apoptosis among TREM-1+ eosinophils compared to TREM-1- eosinophils in the inflammatory airway. In vitro, Trem1/3-/- eosinophils were protected from apoptosis. Finally, inhibition of reactive oxygen species production with diphenyleneiodonium protected WT bone marrow derived eosinophils from apoptosis more than Trem1/3-/- eosinophils, suggesting that superoxide accounted for more apoptosis in WT cells. These data demonstrate protein level expression of TREM-1 by eosinophils for the first time, define a population of TREM-1+ inflammatory eosinophils, and reveal that eosinophil TREM-1 restricts key features of type 2 lung inflammation.

2023-12-15 | GSE246389 | GEO

PIR-B negatively regulates IL-13-induced esophageal eosinophil effector functions

Project description:Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a T helper type 2 (TH2) cytokine-associated disease charaterized by eosinophil infiltration, epithelial cell hyperplasia and tissue remodeling. Recent studies have highlighted a major contribution for IL-13 in EoE pathogenesis. Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor (PIR)-B is a cell surface immune-inhibitory receptor that is expressed by eosinophils and postulated to regulate eosinophil development and migration. We report that Pirb is upregulated in the esophagus after inducible overexpression of IL-13 (CC10-IL13 Tg mice) and is overexpressed by esophageal eosinophils. CC10-IL13Tg/PirB-/- mice displayed increased esophageal eosinophilia and EoE pahtology, including epithelial cell thickening, fibrosis and angiogenesis, compared with CC10-IL13 Tg/PirB+/+ mice. Transcriptome analysis of primary Pirb+/+ and Prib-/- esophageal eosinophils revealed increased expression of transcripts associated with promoting tissue remodeling in Pirb-/- eosinophils including pro-fibrotic genes, genes promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and genes associated with epithelial growth. These data identify PIR-B as a molecular checkpoint in IL-13-induced eosinophil accumulation and activation, which may serve as a novel target for future therapy in EoE.

2016-05-05 | GSE81135 | GEO

Dietary fiber is a critical determinant of pathologic ILC2 responses and intestinal inflammation

Project description:Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) can promote host defense, chronic inflammation or tissue protection and are regulated by cytokines and neuropeptides. However, their regulation by diet and microbiota-derived signals remains unclear. We show that an inulin fiber diet promotes Tph1-expressing inflammatory ILC2s (ILC2INFLAM) in the colon which produce IL-5 but not tissue-protective amphiregulin (AREG), resulting in accumulation of eosinophils. This exacerbates inflammation in a murine model of intestinal damage and inflammation in an ILC2- and eosinophil-dependent manner. Mechanistically, inulin fiber diet elevated microbiota-derived bile acids, including cholic acid (CA) that induced expression of ILC2-activating IL-33. In IBD patients, bile acids, their receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR), IL-33, and eosinophils were all upregulated compared to controls, suggesting relevance of this diet-ILC2 axis in human IBD pathogenesis. Together, these data reveal that dietary fiber-induced changes in microbial metabolites operate as a rheostat that governs protective versus pathologic ILC2 responses with relevance to precision nutrition for inflammatory diseases.

2024-02-12 | GSE255243 | GEO

Dietary fiber is a critical determinant of pathologic ILC2 responses and intestinal inflammation - Bulk RNA-Seq

2024-02-13 | GSE255720 | GEO

Determine anti-Siglec-F and IL-33 costimulation induced transcriptional changes on murine eosinophils

Project description:Eosinophils costimulation with anti-Siglec-F and IL-33 synergistically increases their IL-4 and IL-13 release (Willebrand et al. PLoS One 2016). Here we analyze costimulation induced transcriptional changes involved that potentially enhance effector release.

2021-11-23 | GSE166968 | GEO

Eosinophil-mediated suppression and Anti-IL-5 enhancement of plasmacytoid dendritic cell interferon responses in asthma

Project description:Blood plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) purified from anonymous donors were stimulated ex vivo with rhinovirus-16 (RV) in the presence or absence of eosinophil supernatants. Purified pDCs from 8 individuals with moderate-severe asthma, treated or not treated with anti-IL-5/5Rα therapy, were cultured with or without RV. Transcriptome analysis revealed global repression of pDC IFN response patterns by eosinophils, most notably in basal expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). Increased RV-induced IFNα secretion and transcription as well as increased basal ISG expression was detected in pDCs from participants treated with anti-IL-5/5Rα therapy. Our findings highlight a novel mechanism through which T2 inflammation regulates pDC IFNα responses relevant to RV respiratory infections in the context of eosinophilic airway disease and suggest one potential mechanism through with eosinophil-depleting therapies may reduce the severity of RV illness.

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