Enhancer Transcripts Mark Active Estrogen Receptor Binding Sites
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE43835 | GEO | 2013/05/08
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA187528
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In this study, we used Global Run-On sequencing (GRO-seq), a method that assays the genome-wide location and orientation of all active RNA polymerases. We generated a global profile of active transcription at ERM-NM-1 binding sites in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in response to short time course of E2 treatment. This method enabled us to detect active transcription at enhancers and define a class of primary transcripts transcribed uni- or bidirectionally from the ERM-NM-1 binding sites. The raw data used in this study is from GSE27463 but sequenced to a greater depth. Using GRO-seq over a time course (0, 10, 40 min) of estrogen signaling in ER-alpha positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.
2013-05-08 | E-GEOD-43835 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:RNA polymerases are highly regulated molecular machines. We present a method (GRO-seq) that maps the position, amount, and orientation of transcriptionally-engaged RNA polymerases genome-wide. In this method, nuclear run-on RNAs are subjected to large-scale parallel sequencing and mapped to the genome. Here, we show that peaks of promoter-proximal polymerase reside on ~30% of human genes, transcription extends beyond pre-mRNA 3M-bM-^@M-^Y cleavage, and antisense transcription is prevalent. Additionally, most promoters have an engaged polymerase upstream and in an orientation opposite to the annotated gene. This divergent polymerase is associated with active genes, but does not elongate effectively beyond the promoter. These results imply that the interplay between polymerases and regulators over broad promoter regions dictates the orientation and efficiency of productive transcription. Two biological replicates of nascent RNA sequencing
2008-12-04 | E-GEOD-13518 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:RNA polymerases are highly regulated molecular machines. We present a method (GRO-seq) that maps the position, amount, and orientation of transcriptionally-engaged RNA polymerases genome-wide. In this method, nuclear run-on RNAs are subjected to large-scale parallel sequencing and mapped to the genome. Here, we show that peaks of promoter-proximal polymerase reside on ~30% of human genes, transcription extends beyond pre-mRNA 3’ cleavage, and antisense transcription is prevalent. Additionally, most promoters have an engaged polymerase upstream and in an orientation opposite to the annotated gene. This divergent polymerase is associated with active genes, but does not elongate effectively beyond the promoter. These results imply that the interplay between polymerases and regulators over broad promoter regions dictates the orientation and efficiency of productive transcription.
2008-12-04 | GSE13518 | GEO
Project description:In this study we have used ChIP followed by high throughput sequencing to profile the genome-wide recruitment of wildtype and non-oligomerizing Groucho (Gro) at high resolution in single cell types (Kc167 and S2R+) using Drosophila cell culture. Our results reveal that Gro is typically recruited to discrete peaks in active chromatin and that blocking Gro oligomerization does not change the width of the peaks to which it is recruited. We have also investigated acetylated histone H3 and H4 and RNA polymerase II profiles around Gro binding sites, along with gene expression, in wildtype, Gro knockdown, Gro-GFP transfected, and non-oligomerizing Gro-GFP transfected Kc167 cells and found that Gro associates with chromatin containing hypoacetylated histones and frequently overlaps the transcription start sites of expressed genes that exhibit strong RNA polymerase pausing.
2014-09-12 | E-MTAB-2316 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BruUV-seq utilizes UV light to introduce transcription-blocking DNA lesions randomly in the genome prior to bromouridine-labeling and deep sequencing of nascent RNA. By inhibiting transcription elongation, but not initiation, pre-treatment with UV light leads to a redistribution of transcription reads resulting in the enhancement of nascent RNA signal towards the 5′-end of genes promoting the identification of transcription start sites (TSSs). Furthermore, transcripts associated with arrested RNA polymerases are protected from 3′–5′ degradation and thus, unstable transcripts such as putative enhancer RNA (eRNA) are dramatically increased. Validation of BruUV-seq against GRO-cap that identifies capped run-on transcripts showed that most BruUV-seq peaks overlapped with GRO-cap signal over both TSSs and enhancer elements. Finally, BruUV-seq identified putative enhancer elements induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment concomitant with expression of nearby TNF-induced genes. Taken together, BruUV-seq is a powerful new approach for identifying TSSs and active enhancer elements genome-wide in intact cells.
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Project description:Transitions between pluripotent stem cells and differentiated cells are executed by key transcription regulators. Comparative measurements of RNA polymerase distribution over the genome’s primary transcription units in different cell states can identify the genes and steps in the transcription cycle that are regulated during such transitions. To identify the complete transcriptional profiles of RNA polymerases with high sensitivity and resolution, as well as the critical regulated steps upon which regulatory factors act, we used genome-wide, nuclear run-on (GRO-seq) to map the density and orientation of transcriptionally-engaged RNA polymerases in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). In both cell types, progression of a promoter-proximal, paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II) into productive elongation is a rate-limiting step in transcription of ~40% of mRNA-encoding genes. Importantly, quantitative comparisons between cell types reveal that transcription is controlled frequently at paused Pol II’s entry into elongation. Furthermore, “bivalent” ESC genes (exhibiting both active and repressive histone modifications) bound by Polycomb Group Complexes PRC 1 and PRC2 show dramatically reduced levels of paused Pol II at promoters relative to an average gene. In contrast, bivalent promoters bound by only PRC2 allow Pol II pausing, but it is confined to extremely 5’ proximal regions. Altogether, these findings identify rate-limiting targets for transcription regulation during cell differentiation.
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Project description:Transcriptional regulatory elements (TREs), including enhancers and promoters, determine the transcription levels of associated genes. We have recently shown that global run-on and sequencing (GRO-seq) with enrichment for 5'-capped RNAs reveals active TREs with high accuracy. Here, we demonstrate that active TREs can be identified by applying sensitive machine-learning methods to standard GRO-seq data. This approach allows TREs to be assayed together with gene expression levels and other transcriptional features in a single experiment. Our prediction method, called discriminative Regulatory Element detection from GRO-seq (dREG), summarizes GRO-seq read counts at multiple scales and uses support vector regression to identify active TREs. The predicted TREs are more strongly enriched for several marks of transcriptional activation, including eQTL, GWAS-associated SNPs, H3K27ac, and transcription factor binding than those identified by alternative functional assays. Using dREG, we survey TREs in eight human cell types and provide new insights into global patterns of TRE function.
2015-02-19 | GSE66031 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptional regulatory elements (TREs), including enhancers and promoters, determine the transcription levels of associated genes. We have recently shown that global run-on and sequencing (GRO-seq) with enrichment for 5'-capped RNAs reveals active TREs with high accuracy. Here, we demonstrate that active TREs can be identified by applying sensitive machine-learning methods to standard GRO-seq data. This approach allows TREs to be assayed together with gene expression levels and other transcriptional features in a single experiment. Our prediction method, called discriminative Regulatory Element detection from GRO-seq (dREG), summarizes GRO-seq read counts at multiple scales and uses support vector regression to identify active TREs. The predicted TREs are more strongly enriched for several marks of transcriptional activation, including eQTL, GWAS-associated SNPs, H3K27ac, and transcription factor binding than those identified by alternative functional assays. Using dREG, we survey TREs in eight human cell types and provide new insights into global patterns of TRE function. We analyzed GRO-seq or PRO-seq data from eight human cell lines. Please note that this study comprises new sample data plus reanalysis of old Sample data submitted by another user. Existing PRO-seq or GRO-seq data was combined as detailed in the GSE66031_readme.txt. See GSM1613181 and GSM1613182 Sample records for data processing information.
2015-02-19 | E-GEOD-66031 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BruUV-seq utilizes UV light to introduce transcription-blocking DNA lesions randomly in the genome prior to bromouridine-labeling and deep sequencing of nascent RNA. By inhibiting transcription elongation, but not initiation, pre-treatment with UV light leads to a redistribution of transcription reads resulting in the enhancement of nascent RNA signal towards the 5â²-end of genes promoting the identification of transcription start sites (TSSs). Furthermore, transcripts associated with arrested RNA polymerases are protected from 3â²â5â² degradation and thus, unstable transcripts such as putative enhancer RNA (eRNA) are dramatically increased. Validation of BruUV-seq against GRO-cap that identifies capped run-on transcripts showed that most BruUV-seq peaks overlapped with GRO-cap signal over both TSSs and enhancer elements. Finally, BruUV-seq identified putative enhancer elements induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment concomitant with expression of nearby TNF-induced genes. Taken together, BruUV-seq is a powerful new approach for identifying TSSs and active enhancer elements genome-wide in intact cells. Two cell lines were used. K562 cells were mock-irradiated (control) or UVC-irradiated at two different doses (25 and 100 J/m^2). HF1 cells were UVC-irradiated (20 J/m^2) in three independent experiments (nfUV4,nfUV3a, and nfUV3b). In one experiment, HF1 cells were also treated with TNF (10 ng/mL) 1 h prior to UV irradiation (tnfpreUV2, paired with nfUV4).
2015-12-21 | E-GEOD-75398 | biostudies-arrayexpress