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Diverse stresses dramatically alter genome-wide p53 binding and transactivation landscape in human cancer cells (ChIP-seq)

ABSTRACT: The effects of diverse stresses on promoter selectivity and transcription regulation by the tumor suppressor p53 are poorly understood. We have taken a comprehensive approach to characterizing the human p53 network that includes p53 levels, binding, expression and chromatin changes under diverse stresses. Human osteosarcoma U2OS cells treated with anti-cancer drugs Doxorubicin or Nutlin-3 led to strikingly different p53 gene binding patterns based on ChIP-seq experiments. While two contiguous RRRCWWGYYY decamers is the consensus binding motif, p53 can bind a single decamer and function in vivo. Although the number of sites bound by p53 was 6-times greater for Nutlin-3 than Doxorubicin, expression changes induced by Nutlin-3 were much less dramatic compared to Doxorubicin. Unexpectedly, the solvent DMSO alone induced p53 binding to many sites common to Doxorubicin; however, this binding had no effect on target gene expression. Together, these data imply a two-stage mechanism for p53 transactivation where p53 binding only constitutes the first stage. Furthermore, both p53 binding and transactivation were associated with increased active histone modification H3K4me3. We discovered 149 putative new p53 target genes including several that are relevant to tumor suppression, revealing potential new targets for cancer therapy and expanding our understanding of the p53 regulatory network.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE46641 | GEO | 2013/07/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA201486

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Diverse stresses dramatically alter genome-wide p53 binding and transactivation landscape in human cancer cells (Affymetrix)

Project description:The effects of diverse stresses on promoter selectivity and transcription regulation by the tumor suppressor p53 are poorly understood. We have taken a comprehensive approach to characterizing the human p53 network that includes p53 levels, binding, expression and chromatin changes under diverse stresses. Human osteosarcoma U2OS cells treated with anti-cancer drugs Doxorubicin or Nutlin-3 led to strikingly different p53 gene binding patterns based on ChIP-seq experiments. While two contiguous RRRCWWGYYY decamers is the consensus binding motif, p53 can bind a single decamer and function in vivo. Although the number of sites bound by p53 was 6-times greater for Nutlin-3 than Doxorubicin, expression changes induced by Nutlin-3 were much less dramatic compared to Doxorubicin. Unexpectedly, the solvent DMSO alone induced p53 binding to many sites common to Doxorubicin; however, this binding had no effect on target gene expression. Together, these data imply a two-stage mechanism for p53 transactivation where p53 binding only constitutes the first stage. Furthermore, both p53 binding and transactivation were associated with increased active histone modification H3K4me3. We discovered 149 putative new p53 target genes including several that are relevant to tumor suppression, revealing potential new targets for cancer therapy and expanding our understanding of the p53 regulatory network. Gene expression analysis (using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChipÂ® arrays) of the p53 response in U2OS cells treated with either Doxorubicin or Nutlin-3, relative to their controls No Treatment and DMSO, respectively.

2013-07-01 | E-GEOD-46493 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Diverse stresses dramatically alter genome-wide p53 binding and transactivation landscape in human cancer cells (Affymetrix)

2013-07-01 | GSE46493 | GEO

Diverse stresses dramatically alter genome-wide p53 binding and transactivation landscape in human cancer cells

Project description:Diverse stresses dramatically alter genome-wide p53 binding and transactivation landscape in human cancer cells

| PRJNA201484 | ENA

p53 ChIP-seq in PHA-stimulated human T-lymphocytes

Project description:ChIP-seq profiles of p53 binding in PHA-stimulated human T-lymphocytes treated with either Doxorubicin, Nutlin-3, or DMSO

2018-07-24 | GSE110368 | GEO

E-GEOD-46493

Project description:Diverse stresses dramatically alter genome-wide p53 binding and transactivation landscape in human cancer cells (Affymetrix)

2015-07-13 | E-GEOD-46493 | ExpressionAtlas

Transcriptome and translatome profiling of MCF7 vector cells after p53 activation

Project description:Several genome-wide transcriptome analyses that focused on p53-induced cellular responses in many cellular contexts have continued to expand the already vast p53-regulated transcriptional networks. To investigate post-transcriptional controls as an additional dimension of p53-directed gene expression responses we performed translatome analysis by polysomal profiling on MCF7 cells treated with Doxorubicin and Nutlin-3a. A comparison between the transcriptome and the translatome revealed a large number of uncoupled genes, whose transcription changes did not correlate with translation changes. Overall, we establish p53 as a master regulator of translational control and identify many p53 target genes affecting translation that can contribute to p53-dependent cellular responses. Keywords: p53, transcriptome, translatome, polysomal RNA, subpolysomal RNA, uncoupling, Doxorubicin, Nutlin-3a Total RNA (tot) was extracted from MCF7 vector cells after 16h of treatment with Doxorubicin (1.5uM) and Nutlin-3a (10uM) or DMSO (solvent, as control treatment). Polysomal profiling was performed after the same conditions. We collected all subpolysomal mRNA fractions (sub) and the polysomal ones (pol) after sucrose gradient fractionation of cytoplasmic lysates to analyze separately mRNAs that are not actively translated from those that are considered in active translation, respectively. Experiments were performed in three biological replicates.

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Impact of transcriptional mutagenesis on p53 transactivation

Project description:The transcriptional error rate can be significantly increased by the presence of DNA lesions that instruct mis-insertion during transcription; a process referred to as transcriptional mutagenesis (TM). Herein, we determined the effect of O6-methylguanine (O6-meG) on transcription and subsequent transactivation activity of p53 in human lung H1299 cells. Levels of TM and effects on transactivation were determined by RNA-seq. Results showed that 47% of all p53 transcripts contained an uridine misincorporation opposite the lesion at 6 h post transfection, which was decreased to 18% at 24 h. TM at these levels reduced DNA binding activity of p53 to 21% and 80% compared to wild type p53, respectively. Gene expression data were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes due to TM compared to the response of wild type p53. We show a temporal repression of transactivation of >100 high confidence p53 target genes including regulators of the cell cycle, DNA damage response and apoptosis. In addition, TM repressed the transcriptional downregulation by p53 of several negative regulators of proliferation and differentiation . Our work demonstrates that TM, even when restricting its effect to an individual transcription factor, has the potential to alter gene expression programs and diversify cellular phenotypes.

2019-10-16 | GSE138853 | GEO

Homo sapiens

Project description:Diverse stresses dramatically alter genome-wide p53 binding and transactivation landscape in human cancer cells (Affymetrix)

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Transactivation-deficient p53 Mutants in Ras-induced Cellular Senescence

Project description:As a critical cellular stress sensor, p53 mediates a variety of defensive processes including cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence to prevent propagation of hyperproliferative cells or cells with a damaged genome, hence the formation of neoplasia. Transactivation of downstream genes plays an important while sometimes controversial role in regulating these cellular processes. To evaluate the dependence on transcriptional activation in p53’s activities, we generated genetically-modified mouse lines carrying mutations in the transactivation domains (TADs) of p53. These transactivatio-deficient mutants serve as unique reagents to probe the dependence on robust transactivation in p53-mediated cellular functions, as well as the underneath mechanisms. To identify genes differentially regulated by these p53 mutants, we performed gene expression profiling analysis on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) from these mice in the context of oncogenic Ras-induced premature cellular senescence. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with different p53 genotypes were infected with retroviral H-Ras V12, which induces premature cellular senescence in p53 wild-type MEFs but not in p53 null MEFs. 5 genotypic groups of MEFs were used in the study: (i) p53L25Q/W26S, or "25,26", in which the first TAD (transactivation domain) of p53 is disrupted by the mutation, 5 biological samples; (ii) p53W53Q/F54S, or "53,54", in which the second TAD of p53 is disrupted by the mutation, 3 biological samples; (iii) p53L25Q/W26S/W53Q/F54S, or "QM", in which both TADs or p53 are disrupted, 3 biological samples; (iv) p53 wild-type, or "WT", 6 biological samples; (v) p53 null, or "Null", 6 biological samples.

2011-05-13 | E-GEOD-27901 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression in human lymphoblastoid cell-line GM12878 in response to doxorubicin treatment

Project description:To determine if induced p53 binding is associated with gene expression in genome-wide. We examined mRNA levels with the Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST platform in human lymphoblastoid GM12878 cells treated with doxorubicin to activate p53. In response to various cellular stresses, the tumor suppressor gene p53 induces activation or repression of more than a thousand human genes. Selective binding and transactivation of a large potential pool of p53 response elements (REs) is believed to regulate the variation in stress response across stress types and between cell types. To elucidate how the human genome is targeted by p53 at the chromatin level, we mapped the genome-wide localization of p53 and H3K4me3 from Doxo-treated human lymphoblastoid cells, and examined the relationships among p53 occupancy, gene expression, H3K4me3, chromatin accessibility (DNase 1 Hypersensitivity, DHS), ENCODE chromatin states, RE sequence specificity and evolutionary conservation.

2014-11-14 | GSE51709 | GEO

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